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John C.Baker 《国外兽医学(畜禽传染病)》1991,11(4):1-3
牛呼吸道合胞体病毒（BRSV）是犊牛呼吸道疾病的重要病因，与人呼吸道 包体病毒（HRSV）及其相应的疾病有许多相似性，故认为免疫病理学机制参与了呼吸道合胞体病毒（RSV）感染的致病作用，本文分析了免疫病理学机制在RSV感染和疫苗诱导超敏反应中的作用，讨论了与RSV感染的非免疫病理学机制。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2016,(5)
正牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(Bovine respiratory syncytial virus,BRSV)是引起牛呼吸系统疾病的病毒性病因之一,主要引起2~6月龄犊牛的细支气管炎和间质性肺炎。虽然BRSV感染的致死率不高,但因其高发病率而导致的治疗和饲养成本的增加会给养牛业造成严重的经济损失。BRSV与人呼吸道合胞体病毒(Human respiratory syncytial 相似文献
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牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)是引起反刍动物呼吸道疾病的主要病毒之一,犊牛对该病毒的感染率、发病率和病死率均较高,严重危害养殖的经济效益。牛呼吸道合胞体病毒主要编码蛋白F蛋白和G蛋白上的某些抗原表位可刺激中和抗体反应,而且是BRSV唯一能够在动物模型中诱导中和抗体并产生保护性免疫应答的蛋白。N蛋白具有高度保守性,可诱导BRSV的保护性免疫,小疏水性蛋白(SH)有助于维持病毒外壳稳定性。目前,在该病的防控措施上仍然存在未解决的问题,可根据BRSV编码蛋白的不同特性与功能,研发出一种免疫效果良好、安全高效的疫苗,用以防控BRSV的感染。 相似文献
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牛呼吸道疾病（bovine respiratory disease,BRD）是引起舍饲牛发病和死亡的主要原因,给北美和世界养牛业造成巨大的经济损失。BRD是由多种病毒、细菌与外界环境相互作用,如应激、环境因素与多种病毒、细菌和支原体等而引起的一种严重的呼吸系统疾病。作者就引起BRD的常见和严重的病原牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus,IBRV）和牛呼吸道合胞体病毒（bovine respiratory syncytial virus,BRSV）的生物学特性、细胞感染和致病机制等进行简要概述,以期为该病的防制和研究提供参考。 相似文献
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牛呼吸道合胞体病毒的分离鉴定 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
从黑龙江省某牛场患有呼吸道疾病的病牛鼻汁中分离到1株病毒,并对其进行了系统鉴定.结果该病毒株能在Vero细胞上增殖并产生特征性的合胞体形态的细胞病变;病毒对5-碘脱氧尿核苷不敏感,对酸、氯仿、乙醚均敏感,不耐热,56℃加热30 min可被灭活,且无血凝性和血吸附特性;该病毒能被牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)标准阳性血清中和;应用特异性引物,通过反转录-聚合酶链式反应可从病毒细胞培养物中扩增出BRSV N基因中596 bp的特异性片段,并且分离株与GenBank中BRSV毒株N基因相应片段的核苷酸序列同源性为97.8%～99.3%.以上结果表明所分离到的病毒为牛呼吸道合胞体病毒,命名为BRSV HJ株. 相似文献
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牛呼吸道合胞体病毒(BRSV)是引起犊牛呼吸道疾病的主要病原之一。本病早在1968年就有记载,1970年BRSV首次从患有呼吸道疾病的牛体中分离到。其危害性在于,BRSV感染发病率很高,达60%~80%,死亡率有时也能达到20%以上。本病多发于秋、冬季节,主要感染牛、绵羊、山羊,也可感染猪和 相似文献
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Gershwin LJ 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2007,8(2):207-213
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) causes severe respiratory disease in young cattle. Much like the human respiratory syncytial virus, BRSV induces immunomodulation in the infected host, favoring a Th2 response. Several groups have demonstrated IgE responses to BRSV proteins during infection and particularly in response to vaccination with formalin-inactivated vaccine in the field and experimentally. Newer vaccine modalities that favor a shift to Th1 cytokine production have provided promising results. Infection with BRSV is a major contributor to the multi-pathogen disease, bovine respiratory disease complex. This review stresses the unique immunomodulatory aspects of BRSV infection, vaccination and its interaction with the host's immune system. 相似文献
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Tjørnehøj K Uttenthal A Viuff B Larsen LE Røntved C Rønsholt L 《Research in veterinary science》2003,74(1):55-65
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) has been recognised as an important pathogen in calf pneumonia for 30 years, but surprisingly few effective infection models for studies of the immune response and the pathogenesis in the natural host have been established. We present a reproducible experimental infection model for BRSV in 2-5-month-old, conventionally reared Jersey calves. Thirty-four colostrum-fed calves were inoculated once by aerosol and intratracheal injection with BRSV. Respiratory disease was recorded in 91% of the BRSV-inoculated calves, 72% had an accompanying rise in rectal temperature and 83% exhibited >5% consolidation of the lung tissue. The disease closely resembled natural outbreaks of BRSV-related pneumonia, and detection of BRSV in nasal secretions and lung tissues confirmed the primary role of BRSV. Nine mock-inoculated control calves failed to develop respiratory disease. This model is a valuable tool for the study of the pathogenesis of BRSV and for vaccine efficacy studies. 相似文献
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Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in calves resulting in a substantial economic loss for the cattle industry worldwide. In order to determine the presence of BRSV in Uruguay, an immunoenzymatic test was set up, using a recombinant BRSV nucleocapsid (N) protein as the antigen. The N protein was produced in Sf9 insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus expressing the N protein. Serum samples collected from one hundred cattle from four different geographic regions of Uruguay were analyzed. Antibodies against the N protein of BRSV were detected in 95% of the serum samples analyzed. These results show for the first time the presence of BRSV antibodies and suggest a widespread BRSV infection in the cattle population of Uruguay. 相似文献
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W.H.M. van der Poel M.C.M. Mourits M. Nielen K. Frankena J.T. Van Oirschot Y.H. Schukken 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):77-81
Summary The influence of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) reinfections on the daily milk yield was studied by evaluating the milk production of 32 BRSV reinfected cows. For the estimation of milk production losses, four lactation curve models were used, including a gamma function, a second degree polynomial, and both of these models with a lag variable. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus reinfections seemed to have only a small effect on the daily milk production. Comparison of the true production with an estimated production according to the gamma function showed that the production for first lactation cows dropped 0.14 kg on average and for cows in their second or later lactation 0.56 kg on average, during 5 consecutive days in the infection period. For the second‐degree polynomial model these values were respectively 0.42 kg and 0.80 kg. All calculated average production losses were relatively small and not significant (P>0.15). The models without lag variable were more suitable than the models with the lag variable to estimate small production losses caused by BRSV reinfections. The power of this study was sufficient to detect a decrease in production of approximately 1 ‐ 1.5 kg milk per cow per day. It was therefore concluded that BRSV reinfections were not associated with an important loss of milkproduction. 相似文献
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Bingham HR Morley PS Wittum TE Bray TM Ellis JA Queen WG Shulaw WP 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(10):1309-1314
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether immunity against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) mitigates the effects of 3-methylindole (3MI) on occurrence of bovine respiratory tract disease (BRD) and rate of gain in feedlot cattle. ANIMALS: 254 mixed-breed beef cattle. PROCEDURE: Cattle were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups at the time of arrival at the feedlot. One group was vaccinated with an inactivated BRSV vaccine, another was vaccinated with a modified-live BRSV vaccine, and the third was maintained as unvaccinated control cattle. On days 0 and 28, serum BRSV antibody concentrations were measured, using serum neutralizing and ELISA techniques. Serum 3MI concentrations were measured at feedlot arrival and 3 days later. Cattle were monitored for development of BRD. At slaughter, lungs were evaluated grossly for chronic lesions. RESULTS: Higher serum 3MI concentrations early in the feeding period were associated with lower mean daily gain. Control cattle were more likely to be treated for BRD after day 3, compared with cattle vaccinated with the modified-live BRSV vaccine. Humoral immunity against BRSV did not appear to modify the effect of 3MI on development of BRD or mean daily gain. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that abrogating the effects of 3MI and BRSV infection may improve the health and growth performance of feedlot cattle. However, in this study, immunity against BRSV did not appear to protect against the potential synergism between 3MI and BRSV infection, possibly because of the slow rates of gain of cattle included in the study or timing of sample collection. 相似文献
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Gershwin LJ 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(3):253-257
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a respiratory pathogen of cattle that causes severe disease in calves alone and as one of several viruses and bacteria that cause bovine respiratory disease complex. Like human RSV this virus modulates the immune response to avoid stimulation of a vibrant CD8+ T cytotoxic cell response and instead promotes a Th2 response. The Th2 skew sometimes results in the production of IgE antibodies and depresses production of the Th1 cytokine interferon γ. Innate immune cells have a pivotal role in guiding the adaptive response to BRSV, with selective secretion of cytokines by pulmonary dendritic cells. Here we review some of the pertinent observations on immune responses to BRSV infection and vaccination and illustrate how experimental infection models have been used to elucidate the immunopathogenesis of BRSV infection. Recent experiments using intranasal vaccination and/or immune modulation with DNA based adjuvants show promise for effective vaccination by the stimulation of Th1 T cell responses. 相似文献
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G. Regev-Shoshani S. Vimalanathan D. Prema J.S. Church M.W. Reudink N. Nation C.C. Miller 《Research in veterinary science》2014
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDc), a multi-factorial disease, negatively impacts the cattle industry. Nitric oxide (NO), a naturally occurring molecule, may have utility controlling incidence of BRDc. Safety, bioavailability, toxicology and tolerance/stress of administering NO to cattle is evaluated herein. Thirteen, crossbred, multiple-sourced, commingled commercial weaned beef calves were treated multiple times intranasally over a 4 week period with either a nitric oxide releasing solution (treatment) or saline (control). Exhaled NO, methemoglobin percent (MetHg) and serum nitrites demonstrated biological availability as a result of treatment. Cortisol levels, tissue nitrites, behavior and gross and macroscopic pathology of organs were all normal. Moreover, preliminary in vitro studies using Mannheimia haemolytica, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, Bovine Parainfluenza-3 and Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, suggest a potential explanation for the previously demonstrated efficacy for BRDc. These data confirm the bioavailability, safety and lack of residual of NO treatment to cattle, along with the bactericidal and virucidal effects. 相似文献
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Five field trials on the efficacy of a bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 Van Donkersgoed J Janzen ED Townsend HG Durham PJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1990,31(2):93-100
Five field trials evaluated whether immunization of beef cattle prior to weaning, at weaning, or immediately upon arrival at the feedlot with a commercial bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) vaccine would reduce subsequent treatment for respiratory disease.
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccination was associated with a significant (p<0.05) reduction in treatment rate in one of three groups of calves immunized prior to weaning (−12%) and in calves immunized upon arrival at the feedlot (−4%).
There was no significant (p>0.05) effect of the BRSV vaccine on treatment rate in calves immunized at weaning, in calves immunized upon arrival at the Saskatoon bull test station, or in yearlings immunized upon arrival at the feedlot.
Although the trend in these field trials was to a sparing effect of the BRSV vaccine, the small reduction in treatment rate may not justify the cost of the vaccination program.
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R Bartzatt G A Anderson 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1989,12(3):57-62
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is an important pathogen in bovine respiratory diseases in the United States. Proliferation of the disease can reach epidemic proportions with mortality reaching as high as 20%. In vitro work shown here suggests that the antiviral compound Ribavirin will be effective in the treatment of infected animals. Treatment at three dose levels with Ribavirin have shown significant inhibition of BRSV proliferation. Bovine turbinate cells were host cells for this study. Tissue culture specimens, infected and noninfected, were carried for 10 days. Presence of BRSV was verified with the use of monoclonal antibody. In addition, the infection with BRSV and consequential treatment with Ribavirin of calves demonstrated a noticeable reduction in viral symptom but no apparent systemic reaction to drug therapy. 相似文献
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Larsen LE 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2000,41(1):1-24
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection is the major cause of respiratory disease in calves during the first year of life. The study of the virus has been difficult because of its lability and very poor growth in cell culture. However, during the last decade, the introduction of new immunological and biotechnological techniques has facilitated a more extensive study of BRSV as illustrated by the increasing number of papers published. Despite this growing focus, many aspects of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, immunology etc. remain obscure. The course and outcome of the infection is very complex and unpredictable which makes the diagnosis and subsequent therapy very difficult. BRSV is closely related to human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) which is an important cause of respiratory disease in young children. In contrast to BRSV, the recent knowledge of HRSV is regularly extensively reviewed in several books and journals. The present paper contains an updated review on BRSV covering most aspects of the structure, molecular biology, pathogenesis, pathology, clinical features, epidemiology, diagnosis and immunology based on approximately 140 references from international research journals. 相似文献