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1.
以A、B、C、D和E 5种添加剂产品,按一定添加量添加到配合饲料中,在室内循环系统中养殖异育银鲫.经56 d饲养,比较鱼体的生长效果、饲料利用率、生理机能和体营养成分组成.结果表明:1)在试验条件下,各试验组异育银鲫的成活率、增重率、特定生长率及饲料系数差异不显著,A、B、C和D 4组养殖效果均好于对照组,以D组最佳.2)5种添加剂产品组异育银鲫的体质量/体长和肥满度均高于对照组,有效调节和控制了鱼的形体.3)各试验组鱼体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和溶菌酶(LSZ)活力差异不显著.4)各试验组异育银鲫肝胰脏谷草转氨酶活力差异不显著.5)5种添加剂产品组异育银鲫的全血血红蛋白含量均高于对照组,在鱼体造血功能上具有良好的促进效果.6)各试验组全鱼、肌肉水分和粗脂肪含量差异不显著,但全鱼、肌肉和肝胰脏的粗蛋白含量存在差异,其中E组鱼体的蛋白含量相对较高,表现出一定的生长优越性. 相似文献
2.
L-肉碱、甜菜碱、氯化胆碱对异育银鲫生长性能及肌肉品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究L-肉碱、甜菜碱、氯化胆碱对异育银鲫生长性能及肌肉品质的影响。试验选择360尾均重60g左右的异育银鲫,随机分为4组,1个对照组和3个试验组,试验组在基础饲料中分别添加150mg/kg、0.3%、0.3%L-肉碱、甜菜碱、氯化胆碱,饲养60d。结果表明:各试验组均能显著促进异育银鲫生长(P<0.05),改善鱼体解剖特性,肝体比与内脏比均低于对照组。试验组显著降低了鱼体肌肉脂肪(P<0.05),并可改善异育银鲫肌肉氨基酸组成及含量,在一定程度上提高了鱼体肌肉品质。L-肉碱组的肌肉蛋白含量比对照组提高了4.87%(P<0.05),在改善鱼肉品质方面的效果最佳。 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在研究饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能、肠道和肝胰脏消化酶活性的影响。试验设3个蛋白质水平(45%、40%、35%)和3个脂肪水平(5%、8%、11%),配成9种不同蛋能比的试验饲料。选取初始均重为(10.14±0.40)g的翘嘴鲌幼鱼810尾,随机分为9组(每组3个重复,每个重复30尾),分别投喂蛋能比为30.94(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/5%,D1)、29.73(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/5%,D2)、28.11(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/5%,D3)、29.03(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/8%,D4)、27.79(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/8%,D5)、26.32(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/8%,D6)、26.90(蛋白质/脂肪=45%/11%,D7)、25.71(蛋白质/脂肪=40%/11%,D8)、23.50 g/M J(蛋白质/脂肪=35%/11%,D9)的试验饲料8周。结果表明:饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、肝体比和肠脂比均有显著影响(P<0.05)。增重率和特定生长率的最大值均出现在D5组,但D5组的特定生长率与D4、D6、D7组无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料蛋能比显著影响肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),二者均随饲料蛋能比增加而先升后降。其中,肠道蛋白酶活性以D4组最高,并显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);肝胰脏蛋白酶活性以D7组最高,但与D4、D5、D6组差异不显著(P>0.05)。肠道和肝胰脏脂肪酶活性随饲料蛋能比的改变产生显著变化(P<0.05),但未表现出规律性。各组肠道和肝胰脏淀粉酶活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,翘嘴鲌幼鱼饲料适宜蛋能比在26.90～29.03 g/MJ范围内,由二次曲线回归方程得出饲料蛋能比为27.15 g/MJ时的特定生长率最大;考虑到翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长效果和节约蛋白质情况,饲料适宜蛋能比下的蛋白质、脂肪水平应分别为40%、8%。 相似文献
4.
采用3种不同水平混合油日粮饲养420尾初始重约为2.73g的红姑鱼(Sciaenops ocellatus),研究了不同水平混合油日粮对红姑鱼生长性能的影响.3种日粮中蛋白质含量为46%;脂肪含量分别为:4%、8%、12%.实验期56天.试验结果表明:(1)红姑鱼的各期生长率和存活率随着日粮脂肪含量增加而下降;(2)红姑鱼肝胰脏脂肪含量与日粮脂肪水平呈正比,且不同脂肪含量日粮组间差异显著(p＜0.05);肝胰脏中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3的比例随着日粮脂肪含量增加而下降,且低脂日粮组红姑鱼肝胰脏中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3的比例与中、高脂日粮组有显著性差异(p＜0.05);肝体比率随着日粮脂肪含量增加而上升;(3)饲喂脂肪含量分别为8%、12%日粮的红姑鱼从试验21日起开始大量发病,死亡.试验结果表明,由于日粮混合油主要脂肪来源于玉米油,其中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3含量极少,特别是必需脂肪酸(C20-5n和C22:6n多不饱和脂肪酸)缺乏,是导致红姑鱼生长性能下降、发病和死亡的主要因素.因此,在红姑鱼日粮中不宜过多添加植物性油脂. 相似文献
5.
本研究旨在研究烁生肽@(SourceR peptide,SP)替代日粮中鱼粉对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长、饲料利用效率、体组成成分以及脂肪和蛋白质保留效率的影响.选取体况良好、体重3～4 g的黄颡鱼幼鱼随机分成5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复放养20尾.基础日粮中用烁生肽R等氮替代日粮中0%(DO)、25%(D1)、50%(D2)、75%(D3)、100%(D4)的鱼粉,配制成5组等氮等能日粮.每组随机分配1种日粮,每天按体重的3%～5%投饲率分别在09:00和16:00两次投喂,试验期为42 d.结果表明,D1组鱼体增重率、特定生长率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05),D2、D0、D3、D4组依次降低;脂肪保留效率以D1、D2、DO、D3、D4的顺序逐渐降低,其中D3、D4组显著低于D1组(P＜0.05);D1组蛋白质保留效率显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05),DO、D2、D3、D4组依次降低,D3、D4组显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05);烁生肽R替代鱼粉对黄颡鱼内脏比、肝体比、体蛋白质含量、体灰分含量无显著影响(P＞0.05),各组鱼体粗脂肪含量差异显著性不同.由结果可知,烁生肽@替代适宜比例(25%、50%)鱼粉可以促进黄颡鱼幼鱼生长,并提高饲料、蛋白质效率,降低饲料成本. 相似文献
6.
《饲料工业》2019,(14):58-64
试验以"中科3号"异育银鲫为研究对象,在基础饲料中添加0%、0.8%、1.6%、3.2%的钝顶螺旋藻,投喂初始体重为(102.08±0.38)g的异育银鲫60 d,研究添加不同水平钝顶螺旋藻对异育银鲫血浆及肝胰脏生理生化、抗氧化、消化酶指标的影响。结果表明,最终体重、增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率随添加量的增加呈上升趋势,其中1.6%、3.2%组最终体重、增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率显著高于0%组,饵料系数、肥满度和肝体比方面各试验组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。各试验组间血红蛋白、红细胞总数、白细胞总数、中性粒细胞总数、中间细胞总数、淋巴细胞总数、淋巴细胞比率、中间细胞比率、中性粒细胞比率、红细胞压积等生理指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。各试验组间对异育银鲫血浆及肝胰脏的T-AOC和GSH-Px活力无显著影响(P>0.05);随着钝顶螺旋藻添加量的增大,异育银鲫血浆及肝胰脏的T-SOD及CAT活力显著高于0%添加组(P<0.05),肝胰脏中GOT和GPT活性显著降低(P<0.05);钝顶螺旋藻添加水平在3.2%时,血浆中丙二醛含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05),血浆及肝胰脏中AKP活力显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。肠道蛋白酶活力随添加量的增加而增加,3.2%组显著高于0%组(P<0.05),在1.6%、3.2%组脂肪酶活力显著低于0%、0.8%组(P<0.05)。由此得出,钝顶螺旋藻添加量在3.2%时效果明显,在一定程度上可以提高异育银鲫的生长、抗氧化机能,消化酶活性、增强非特异性免疫力,并起到保护肝胰脏的效果。 相似文献
7.
饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能、肠道和肝胰脏消化酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能、肠道和肝胰脏消化酶活性的影响.试验设3个蛋白质水平(45％、40％、35％)和3个脂肪水平(5％、8％、11％),配成9种不同蛋能比的试验饲料.选取初始均重为(10.14±0.40)g的翘嘴鲌幼鱼810尾,随机分为9组(每组3个重复,每个重复30尾),分别投喂蛋能比为30.94(蛋白质/脂肪=45％/5％,D1)、29.73(蛋白质/脂肪=40％/5％,D2)、28.11(蛋白质/脂肪=35％/5％,D3)、29.03(蛋白质/脂肪=45％/8％,D4)、27.79(蛋白质/脂肪=40％/8％,D5)、26.32(蛋白质/脂肪=35％/8％,D6)、26.90(蛋白质/脂肪=45％/11％,D7)、25.71(蛋白质/脂肪=40％/11％,D8)、23.50 g/MJ(蛋白质/脂肪=35％/11％,D9)的试验饲料8周.结果表明:饲料蛋能比对翘嘴鲌幼鱼增重率、特定生长率、肝体比和肠脂比均有显著影响(P＜0.05).增重率和特定生长率的最大值均出现在D5组,但D5组的特定生长率与D4、D6、D7组无显著差异(P＞0.05).饲料蛋能比显著影响肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶活性(P＜0.05),二者均随饲料蛋能比增加而先升后降.其中,肠道蛋白酶活性以D4组最高,并显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05);肝胰脏蛋白酶活性以D7组最高,但与D4、D5、D6组差异不显著(P＞0.05).肠道和肝胰脏脂肪酶活性随饲料蛋能比的改变产生显著变化(P＜0.05),但未表现出规律性.各组肠道和肝胰脏淀粉酶活性差异不显著(P＞0.05).综上所述,翘嘴鲌幼鱼饲料适宜蛋能比在26.90～29.03 g/MJ范围内,由二次曲线回归方程得出饲料蛋能比为27.15 g/MJ时的特定生长率最大;考虑到翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长效果和节约蛋白质情况,饲料适宜蛋能比下的蛋白质、脂肪水平应分别为40％、8％. 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在研究营养模式对草鱼特定生长率、肌肉及肝胰脏营养成分与组织结构的影响。选取270尾体质量相近的草鱼,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,分别采用矮象草(Pennisetum purpereum)、20%矮象草+80%配合饲料混合、配合饲料(均以干重计)3种营养模式进行饲喂。试验期为180d。结果表明:1)矮象草模式下,草鱼特定生长率及腹肌、背肌、肝胰脏中粗脂肪含量均显著低于其他2种营养模式(P<0.05),但饲料系数及3种组织中粗蛋白质含量以及腹肌和背肌中钙(Ca)含量则显著高于其他2种营养模式(P<0.05),且肝细胞内无明显脂肪空泡,肌间和肌内脂肪较少,肌纤维较细且排列紧密。2)混合模式下,草鱼除腹肌无氮浸出物含量最低,腹肌铜(Cu),背肌锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)及肝胰脏Ca、锰(Mn)含量显著高于其他2种营养模式(P<0.05)外,特定生长率、饲料系数、肌纤维直径及间隙、肌间与肌内脂肪、肝细胞中脂肪空泡数量均介于矮象草模式和配合饲料模式之间。3)配合饲料模式下,草鱼特定生长率、肝胰脏无氮浸出物和3种组织中粗脂肪、粗灰分含量均显著高于其他2种营养模式(P<0.05);但饲料系数,背肌无氮浸出物含量,腹肌Zn、镁(Mg)、Fe含量,肝胰脏Zn、Cu、Mg、Fe含量以及3种组织中粗蛋白质含量均显著低于其他2种营养模式(P<0.05),且肝细胞内脂肪空泡数量、肌间和肌内脂肪沉积量、肌纤维直径、肌纤维间隙等均明显增加。综合来看,草鱼的营养模式以20%矮象草+80%配合饲料混合模式为宜。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究饲料中添加甜菜碱对管角螺摄食、生长性能、组织营养成分和消化酶活性的影响。选取初始体重为(22.54±0.25)g的管角螺630只,随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复30只。7个试验组分别饲喂甜菜碱添加水平为0(对照)、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%的等氮等脂的试验饲料,试验期60 d。结果显示:甜菜碱添加水平为0.2%~0.8%时,管角螺的摄食率、增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。当甜菜碱添加水平为0.6%时,管角螺的摄食率、增重率和饲料效率达到最大值,而特定生长率在添加水平为0.4%时达最大值。成活率各组之间无显著差异(P0.05)。甜菜碱添加水平对管角螺肌肉、肝胰腺中水分和粗灰分含量未产生显著影响(P0.05)。0.4%~1.2%组肌肉中粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。0.2%~1.2%组肝胰腺中粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加,管角螺肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶的活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当甜菜碱添加水平为0.6%时,肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性均达到最大值,且均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。综合以上结果得出,饲料中添加适宜水平的甜菜碱能够促进管角螺摄食,提高肌肉和肝胰腺中粗蛋白质含量,降低肌肉和肝胰腺中粗脂肪含量,提高肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶的活性,从而有利于管角螺的健康生长。以增重率为评价指标,经二次回归分析可知,管角螺饲料中甜菜碱的适宜添加水平为0.55%。 相似文献
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采用3种不同水平混合油日粮饲养420尾初始重约为2.73g的红姑鱼(Sciaenopsocellatus),研究了不同水平混合油日粮对红姑鱼生长性能的影响。3种日粮中蛋白质含量为46%;脂肪含量分别为:4%、8%、12%。实验期56天。试验结果表明:(1)红姑鱼的各期生长率和存活率随着日粮脂肪含量增加而下降;(2)红姑鱼肝胰脏脂肪含量与日粮脂肪水平呈正比,且不同脂肪含量日粮组间差异显著(p<0.05);肝胰脏中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3的比例随着日粮脂肪含量增加而下降,且低脂日粮组红姑鱼肝胰脏中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3的比例与中、高脂日粮组有显著性差异(p<0.05);肝体比率随着日粮脂肪含量增加而上升;(3)饲喂脂肪含量分别为8%、12%日粮的红姑鱼从试验21日起开始大量发病,死亡。试验结果表明,由于日粮混合油主要脂肪来源于玉米油,其中多不饱和脂肪酸n-3含量极少,特别是必需脂肪酸(C20-5n和C22:6n多不饱和脂肪酸)缺乏,是导致红姑鱼生长性能下降、发病和死亡的主要因素。因此,在红姑鱼日粮中不宜过多添加植物性油脂。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献
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