共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 921 毫秒
1.
以安哥拉山羊、建昌黑山羊、一代羊(F1)、二代羊(F2)、三代羊(F3)、二代与三代同质个体横交后代(H)为供试羊只,采用形态遗传标记、生化遗传标记和分子遗传标记确定安哥拉山羊改良建昌黑山羊生产马海毛的横交方案。结果:F2、F3 和H白色毛被分别为93 5%、100%和100%,毛被同质和基本同质个体分别为27 7%、70 2%和65 3%;成年羊产毛量随代数增加而增加,但F3 和H与F2,H 与F3 公、母羊分别对应比较,差异均不显著(P>0 05)。成年羊体重F1 和F2 增加,杂种优势明显,但F3 母羊则不显著(P>0 05),H还有下降(P>0 05)。平均基因杂合度和一致度安哥拉山羊、建昌黑山羊、F3、H分别为0 113 1 和0 886 9, 0 062 1 和0 937 9, 0 110 3 和0 889 7, 0 110 4和0 889 6。安哥拉山羊与F3 和H的遗传距离小,分别为0 003 9和0 004 0,遗传相似系数大,相应为0 996 1、0 996 0。群体内谱带相似系数,安哥拉山羊、F2、F3 和H分别为0 454 0,0 407 6,0 611 3 和0 610 9。且F3 和H均极显著大于安哥拉山羊(P<0 01)。综合研究表明,可在F2 和F3 代中选择理想同质个体进行横交。 相似文献
2.
三个山羊群体血液蛋白多态性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用垂直平板不连续缓冲系统聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法 ,研究了安哥拉山羊和建昌黑山羊及其高代杂种羊 (F3 ) 9个血液蛋白基因座 (Alb、Pr、Pa、Tf、Hp、Hb、LDH、Akp、Amy)的遗传多态性。结果表明 :安哥拉山羊与F3 血液Alb、Pr、Pa、LDH、Amy呈单态 ,Tf、Hp、Hb、Akp呈多态 ;建昌黑山羊血液Alb、Pr、Pa、Tf、Hp、Hb、LDH、Amy呈单态 ,Akp呈多态。根据所测座位的基因频率计算了群体平均基因杂合度和一致度 ,以及群体间遗传相似系数和遗传距离 ,安哥拉山羊的平均基因杂合度与一致度分别为 0 .1131和 0 .886 9,建昌黑山羊的相应值分别为 0 .0 6 2 1t 0 .9379,F3 则分别为 0 .110 3和0 .8897。安哥拉山羊与F3 的遗传距离小 (0 .0 0 39)、遗传相似系数大 (0 .996 1)。 相似文献
3.
以寡核苷酸探针(CA G/A TA T/CC)5H/infⅠ酶切,研究四川9个黑山羊品种(群体)的D NA指纹图谱。结果表明,在供试黑山羊中,个体平均可检测出18.4±1.18条谱带,未发现有共同的谱带,亦未检出性别特异谱带。9.0kb和2.2kb为建昌黑山羊共有谱带,9.0kb为金堂黑山羊共有谱带,9.0kb、6.2kb和5.5kb为白玉黑山羊共有谱带,其余各黑山羊品种(群体)内无共有谱带。9个黑山羊品种(群体)内相似系数为0.420～0.560,遗传距离为0.380～0.560。其中,合江黑山羊、江安黑山羊、自贡黑山羊间的遗传距离较小(为0.380～0.390),金堂黑山羊和乐至黑山羊间的遗传距离也较小(为0.384),白玉黑山羊分别与其他8个黑山羊品种(群体)间的遗传距离较大(0.450～0.560)。 相似文献
4.
选用10个SSR标记,经PCR扩增、9%非变性聚丙烯酰胺电泳和银染法显色,对高原型藏山羊、山谷型藏山羊进行遗传多态性研究,并以白玉黑山羊、建昌黑山羊、美姑山羊和新疆山羊作对照.结果表明,10个SSR标记在高原型藏山羊、山谷型藏山羊、白玉黑山羊、建昌黑山羊、美姑山羊和新疆山羊群体的平均H、PIC、Ne分别为0.673/0.631/4.3、0.680/0.649/4.7、0.777/0.660/4.3、0.797/0.716/5.1、0.793/0.561/3.2和0.680/0.629/4.6.高原型藏山羊与山谷型藏山羊(D=0.063)聚为1类;建昌黑山羊和美姑山羊(D=0.026)聚为1类后,再与白玉黑山羊聚为1类;最后两类与新疆山羊聚为1大类,与各群体的来源和生态地理分布一致. 相似文献
5.
以两组40个随机引物,筛选出16个重复性好的多态引物,对四川9个山羊品种(群体)和岩羊共计113只个体,进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析.结果表明16个引物扩增出67条带,其中54条带呈现多态,多态率为80.60%.山羊各群体共有条带为23条,山羊和岩羊共有条带为13条,岩羊有4条特异带.不同引物所扩增出的片段在各群体中分布频率不同.山羊群体间相似系数为0.821 6～0.936 2,其中安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊杂交后代F2和F3之间相似系数最大,为0.936 2.山羊各群体与岩羊相似系数为0.499 6～0.506 4.山羊群体间的遗传距离为0.063 8～0.178 4.山羊各群体与岩羊的遗传距离为0.493 6～0.540 3.高原型藏山羊与山谷型藏山羊间的遗传距离小(0.1005)、相似系数大(0.899 5),序列为TTCCGAACCC引物扩增出的片段为750bp,仅在高原型藏山羊中出现,可作为区分这两个生态类型的遗传标记. 相似文献
6.
以12月龄海门山羊公羊、母羊和波尔山羊×海门山羊F1代公羊3个群体为素材,分别取颊肌、斜方肌、臂三头肌、背最长肌、股二头肌、股四头肌和腓肠肌7个部位肌肉,采用高效液相色谱法测定肌肉中的肌苷酸(IMP)含量,研究肌苷酸与肌内脂肪(IMF)的沉积规律。结果表明:海门山羊(♂)及波尔山羊×海门山羊F(1♂)7个部位肌肉间IMP的含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。海门山羊(♀)的颊肌和斜方肌的IMP含量显著高于背最长肌和股二头肌(P<0.05);海门山羊(♂)IMP含量高于海门山羊(♀)和波尔山羊×海门山羊F(1♂)。3个群体中,背最长肌的IMF含量最高,且在海门山羊(♂)和波尔山羊×海门山羊F(1♂)中,背最长肌的IMF显著大于其他部位(P<0.05);海门山羊(♀)颊肌、斜方肌和臂三头肌中的IMF含量高于另外2个群体。由结果可知,IMP和IMF在不同群体和部位含量不同,海门山羊(♂)鲜味优于其他群体,而海门山羊(♀)肌内脂肪较丰富,风味较好。 相似文献
7.
四川几个山羊品种(群体)与岩羊RAPD分析 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：12
以两组40个随机引物，筛选出16个重复性好的多态引物。对四川5个山羊品种、藏山羊两个生态类型、3个杂交群体和岩羊共计113只个体，进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析。结果表明：16个引物扩增出67条带，其中54条带呈现多态。多态率为80．60％。山羊各群体共有条带为23条，山羊和岩羊共有条带为13条。岩羊有4条特异带。不同引物所扩增出的片段在各群体中分布频率不同。山羊群体间相似系数为0．8216—0．9362，其中，安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊杂交后代F2和F3之间相似系数最大。为0．9362。山羊各群体与岩羊相似系数为0．4996—0．5064。山羊群体间的遗传距离为0．0638—0．1784。山羊各群体与岩羊的遗传距离为0．4936—0．5403。高原型藏山羊与山谷型藏山羊间的遗传距离小(0．1005)、相似系数大(0．8995)。序列为TTCCGAACCC引物扩增出的片段为750bp，仅在高原型藏山羊中出现，可作为区分这两个生态类型的遗传标记。 相似文献
8.
用MilkScan-1340A/B型全自动综合乳质测仪和SDS-PAGE分别测定了成都麻羊、南江黄羊、金堂黑山羊、建昌黑山羊、北川白山羊、波尔山羊和波尔山羊(♂)与成都麻羊(♀)杂交一代羊乳的常规成分和乳蛋白组分。结果表明,乳中干物质波尔山羊为(160·57±8·61)g/L,显著高于成都麻羊和南江黄羊(P<0·05),其余品种(群体)间差异不显著;波尔山羊乳脂和乳蛋白含量分别为(60·62±2·81)g/L和(46·73±3·15)g/L,显著高于成都麻羊、南江黄羊和金堂黑山羊(P<0·05),其余品种(群体)间差异不显著。乳蛋白组分中,α-乳清蛋白、β-乳蛋白、免疫球蛋白的相对含量在山羊品种(群体)间差异均不显著;酪蛋白相对百分含量波尔山羊为(67·57±1·45)%,显著低于成都麻羊和南江黄羊(P<0·05)。 相似文献
9.
4个引进山羊品种mtDNA控制区序列变异和系统发生关系研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
本研究测定了四川4个引进山羊品种24个个体的线粒体控制区全序列,并从GenBank获得山羊属2个野山羊种的2每控制区序列。利用MEGA2．0软件构建分子系统发育无根树。序列分析表明:山羊控制区线粒体控制全序列长度为1 212bp或1 213 bp,A+T含量占59．9％,其中64个核苷酸位点存在变异(约占5．28％),核苷酸多样度为 1．731％,这些差异共定义了16种单倍型,单倍型多样性为0．913±0．048。安哥拉山羊、波尔山羊都有自己独特的单倍型,与其他品种间都没有共享类型。使用NJ法构建了系统发育树,结果表明:2个野山羊种中,角(?)羊与家养山羊的关系相对较近,4个家养山羊品种有2个母系来源,在4个家养山羊品种内部,安哥拉山羊的分化要比其他3个品种早。 相似文献
10.
为了筛选用于肥羔山羊生产和品种选育的肉用山羊育种素材,试验选择南江黄羊、简州大耳羊、川中黑山羊(金堂型、乐至型)、川南黑山羊(自贡型、江安型)、营山黑山羊、美姑山羊、建昌黑山羊等山羊遗传资源(类群),以其主产区核心群为研究对象,分别收集、测定各资源(类群)在主产区的生长发育性能、繁殖性能以及产肉性能等指标,并结合肥羔山羊生产特性对各山羊遗传资源(类群)进行综合评价。结果表明:在各自主产区生态条件及饲养方式下,川中黑山羊(金堂型、乐至型)、川南黑山羊(自贡型)、简州大耳羊、南江黄羊的早期生长发育较快;除建昌黑山羊外,其余群体平均产羔率均达到了200%以上;川中黑山羊(金堂型)、川南黑山羊(自贡型)、营山黑山羊、简州大耳羊6月龄公羊胴体产肉率达到75%。根据肥羔山羊生产特性,初步筛选出川中黑山羊(金堂型、乐至型)、川南黑山羊(自贡型)、简州大耳羊、营山黑山羊为肥羔山羊候选育种素材。 相似文献
11.
Helal A Puchala R Detweiler GD Gipson TA Sahlu T Goetsch AL 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(12):4175-4187
Sixteen Boer goat doelings, 16 Spanish doelings, and 8 Angora doelings and 8 wethers, 283, 316, and 330 d of age initially (SEM = 5.0), respectively, were used to evaluate effects of nutrient restriction on heat energy (HE). During the first and second 10-wk phases, 8 animals of each breed were fed a 50% concentrate pelletized diet at a level adequate for maintenance and moderate energy accretion (CONT). Other animals were fed approximately 50% of these amounts in phase 1 relative to initial BW, followed by the greater level of feeding in phase 2 based on initial or actual BW when greater (REST). Average daily gain was 43, -20, 16, -78, 8, and -48 g in phase 1 (SEM = 5.0) and 26, 44, 50, 65, 27, and 32 g in phase 2 (SEM = 3.5) for Angora-CONT, Angora-REST, Boer-CONT, Boer-REST, Spanish-CONT, and Spanish-REST, respectively. Total HE was greater for CONT vs. REST in both phases (P < 0.001), greater in phase 1 for Angora than for Boer (P < 0.01) and Spanish (P < 0.01), and greatest (P < 0.01) in phase 2 among breeds for Angora [481, 347, 430, 356, 424, and 338 kJ/kg of BW(0.75) per day in phase 1 (SEM = 11.1), and 494, 479, 445, 397, 444, and 406 kJ/kg of BW(0.75) per day in phase 2 (SEM = 11.3) for Angora-CONT, Angora-REST, Boer-CONT, Boer-REST, Spanish-CONT, and Spanish-REST, respectively]. Equations describing the temporal pattern of HE (kJ/kg of BW(0.75) per day), expressed as a percentage of the wk-0 value and corrected for corresponding breed × week CONT means, in phase 1 were 95.8 ± 2.43 - (8.18 ± 1.144 × week) + (0.655 ± 0.1098 × week(2)) for Angora (R(2) = 0.58), 95.3 ± 2.63 - (4.34 ± 1.237 × wk) + (0.271 ± 0.1187 × wk(2)) for Boer (R(2) = 0.41), and 97.4 ± 2.21 - (4.69 ± 1.068 × wk) + (0.282 ± 0.1021 × wk(2)) for Spanish (R(2) = 0.53). Phase 2 equations were 78.9 ± 2.22 + (8.74 ± 1.036 × wk) - (0.608 ± 0.0095 × wk(2)) for Angora (R(2) = 0.60), 77.5 ± 2.10 + (3.30 ± 0.978 × wk) - (0.153 ± 0.0942 × wk(2)) for Boer (R(2) = 0.39), and 80.6 ± 2.50 + (4.50 ± 1.165 × wk) - (0.208 ± 0.1122 × wk(2)) for Spanish (R(2) = 0.43). These equations indicate that changes in HE in response to nutrient restriction and realimentation were more rapid and of greater magnitude in Angora vs. Boer and Spanish. The temporal pattern of decline in HE by Boer and Spanish during restriction was similar, but the subsequent rise with realimentation was slower and smaller for Boer. In conclusion, most appropriate methods of predicting change in the maintenance energy requirement during and after periods of limited feed intake may differ among breeds of goats. 相似文献
12.
利用陕南白山羊与关中奶山羊、布尔山羊三品种杂交试验,分别测定初生重、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄四个阶段的胸围、体长、体高和体重,将测定的各项指标分别与布陕杂一代、关陕杂一代和陕南白山羊的同阶段指标进行对比分析,结果表明,布关陕杂种羊在不同生长阶段的体重优于布陕杂一代、关陕杂一代和陕南白山羊。布关陕杂种羊的初生重比布陕杂一代、关陕杂一代、陕南白山羊分别提高18.8%、48.2%、66.2%;3月龄体重分别提高17.2%、28.1%、35.1%;6月龄体重分别提高17.7%、51.3%、65.6%;12月龄体重分别提高15.2%、52.3%、58.0%。 相似文献
13.
C A Toerien R Puchala J P McCann T Sahlu A L Goetsch 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(6):1558-1564
Angora goats do not cope well with stress compared with goats of other breeds. Our hypothesis that this involves subclinical primary hypoadrenocorticism associated with low cortisol release in response to ACTH stimulation was tested by measuring adrenocortical response (plasma cortisol) in six Spanish (37 +/- 2 kg BW) and six Angora wethers (39 +/- 3 kg BW) under simulated acute and chronic ACTH challenges. In Exp. 1 (acute ACTH challenge), wethers were dosed i.v. with high (2.5 IU/kg BW) or low (.4 IU/kg BW) quantities of ACTH. In Exp. 2 (chronic ACTH challenge), ACTH at the rate of .015 IU/(kg BW x min) or saline (.15 M NaCl) was infused i.v. at 15 mL/h for 6 h. The mean baseline plasma cortisol concentration before ACTH stimulation was similar (P > .05) between Angora and Spanish goats in Exp. 1 (averaged over days) and in Exp. 2. The cortisol concentration response area (ng/ (mL x min) x 10(-3)) above the baseline was similar (P > .05) between Angora and Spanish goats during low (7.6 +/- .5 and 9.0 +/- 1.7, respectively) and high (12.8 +/- 1.0 and 16.0 +/- 1.8, respectively) levels of acute ACTH challenge (Exp. 1) and during chronic ACTH challenge (45.1 +/- 5.9 and 41.8 +/- 7.3, respectively; Exp. 2). In conclusion, these data indicate that, under the conditions of this study, adrenocortical responsiveness to ACTH stimulation is not different between Angora and Spanish goat wethers and, thus, may not contribute to stress susceptibility in Angora goats. 相似文献
14.
辽宁绒山羊改良新疆山羊的效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验用辽宁绒山羊与新疆母山羊进行杂交改良,经过9年多的工作,取得了大量数据,证明杂交改良效果好,改良羊与父母本的适应性一样强,杂交羊的产绒量有了明显的提高。杂交1代、2代、3代周岁母羊产绒量分别比当地山羊高76.22克、114.65克、131.05克;分别提高53.99％、81.21％、92.82％,各组平均抓绒量间有极显著的差异(P<0.01)。这项研究结果对提高我区山羊生产将会起到积极作用,具有一定的社会效益和经济效益。 相似文献
15.
补饲硫对安哥拉山羊F_2代杂种羊无髓毛理化性能的影响研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用硫酸钠、胱氨酸对安哥拉山羊Ｆ２代杂种羊进行补饲。结果表明，二种硫源对Ｆ２代杂种羊无髓毛的伸直长度、强力、伸度及含硫量均有显著或极显著提高（Ｐ＜００５或Ｐ＜００１），对无髓毛的氨基酸总量、含硫氨基酸（胱氨酸）的含量也有提高。同时，二种硫源还提高了无髓毛纤维鳞片的可见高度，鳞片变亮变长，鳞片的角质缺损现象也减少。 相似文献
16.
HOU Ce SU Xiao-ping WANG Qi-tian CUI Kui-qing SHI De-shun LIU Qing-you 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3554-3562
Polled trait of goat is important economic trait in livestock production,goat polled intersex syndrome (PIS) influenced polled phenotype and intersex phenotype of goats. PIS sequence locats in a approximately 11.7 kb nucleotide sequence in chromosome 1. This experiment was aimed to study the effect of PIS sequence on polled phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats (3 horned goats, 3 polled goats). The PIS whole sequence in Guanzhong dairy goats were amplified using four pair of primers (PIS1-1, PIS1-2, PIS2 and PIS3), the whole absence of PIS sequence was detected using the fifth primer (PIS whole). The sequencing result was assembled, analyzed and annotated. The result showed that the PIS sequence full length was 12.814 kb, and the BLAST alignment result was correct. PIS whole primer didn't amplify any srtipes, which showed that there was no a total deletion of 11.7 kb in Guanzhong dairy goats. SeqMan software analysis result showed that there was a total of 30 polymorphic sites, wihch were likely to connect with polled/horned phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats. The annotation result of concatenation sequence showed that there were one tRNA encoding locus, two microsatellites, three microRNA encoding loci, L1-EN conserved domain, RT-nLTR-like conserved domain, also find a CpG island, one pair of inverted repeats, and two tandem repeats. This experiment result had a significant reference value for studying the molecular mechanism of polled phenotype in Guanzhong dairy goats. 相似文献
17.
山羊无角性状是畜牧业生产中重要的经济性状,报道显示山羊无角间性综合征（polled intersex syndrome,PIS）控制着山羊的无角和间性性状。山羊PIS序列定位于1号染色体约11.7 kb的序列上,试验旨在研究这段序列对关中奶山羊（3只有角山羊、3只无角山羊）无角性状的影响。选用4对引物（PIS1-1、PIS1-2、PIS2、PIS3）扩增关中奶山羊的PIS序列,第5对引物（PIS whole）用于检测PIS序列的完全缺失,对测序结果进行拼接、多态性分析,并对序列进行基因注释。结果发现,试验成功扩增出山羊PIS的全长序列（12.814 kb）,BLAST比对结果正确。PIS whole引物没有扩增出任何条带,说明关中奶山羊中不存在11.7 kb的完全缺失。经SeqMan软件分析拼接序列发现30个多态性位点,这些多态性位点可能与关中奶山羊有角/无角性状相关。对拼接序列进行基因注释,发现存在1个tRNA编码位点、2个微卫星、3个microRNA编码位点及L1-EN、RT-nLTR-like样保守结构域,并发现1个CpG岛、1对反向重复序列和2段串联重复序列。本试验结果对关中奶山羊无角性状的分子机理研究具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
18.
M J Herselman S P Hart T Sahlu S W Coleman A L Goetsch 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(5):1258-1265
Angora goat, Spanish goat, and Suffolk x Rambouillet sheep wethers (20 of each type; 30.4+/-.57, 31.3+/-.93, and 32.4+/-1.08 kg BW for Angora goats, Spanish goats, and sheep, respectively) were used to investigate influences of animal type and two grass-based pasture treatments on heat energy during summer grazing (mid-August through September in Oklahoma). The improved pasture treatment consisted of .7-ha paddocks primarily of Old World bluestem and johnsongrass, whereas the native pasture treatment entailed 10.8-ha paddocks dominated by big and little bluestems and indiangrass. Grasses were 95 to 100% of diets for the improved pasture treatment and 71 to 95% for the native pasture treatment; forbs were 2 to 25%, and shrubs were less than 4% of diets for the native pasture treatment. Metabolizable energy intake was similar (P > . 10) between pasture treatments but differed (P <.01) among animal types: 79, 99, and 113 kcal/(kg(.75) BW.d) for Angora goats, Spanish goats, and sheep, respectively; SE 7.1. Heat energy estimated via CO2 entry rate was affected by pasture treatment ( P = .08) and animal type (P < .001): improved pasture treatment 109, 132, and 151 kcal/(kg(.75) BW.d); native pasture treatment 126, 138, and 163 kcal/(kg(.75) BW.d) for Angora goats, Spanish goats, and sheep, respectively. Likewise, daylight grazing time was greater (P = .04) for the native than for the improved pasture treatment and differed (P < .01) among animal types: improved pasture treatment 5.3, 4.7, and 6.7 h; native pasture treatment 6.0, 5.7, and 8.1 h for Angora goats, Spanish goats, and sheep, respectively. In conclusion, heat energy during summer grazing of grass-based paddocks was less for goats than for sheep, and animal type can affect the increase in heat energy as energy intake and grazing time increase. 相似文献