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1.
本研究通过SSR标记解析不同类型葡萄种质遗传多样性差异和亲缘关系,为资源分类与品种鉴定提供理论依据。利用15对SSR引物对21种不同类型葡萄种质进行PCR扩增,对扩增情况、遗传距离与亲缘关系等进行分析。15对SSR引物共扩增出等位基因位点91个,其中多态性位点89个,多态性比率高达97.8%,其中13对引物扩增多态性百分率达到100%。21份供试材料间遗传相似系数变化范围在0.45~0.91之间,并在遗传相似系数0.62处被分为2个类群。研究表明SSR标记从分子水平上解析了不同类型葡萄种质的遗传差异性,揭示了材料间亲缘关系,为育种研究提供了一定参考依据。 相似文献
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为研究菠菜品种间的亲缘关系,本研究利用PAGE电泳法对33份菠菜种质资源进行指纹图谱构建和遗传多样性分析。结果表明,筛选出的27对多态性明显、带型稳定的引物共扩增出109个多态性位点,平均每对引物3.7个。经多态性位点分析,最后仅用7对高多态性引物构建了能够区分33份菠菜种质的指纹图谱,为供试材料的鉴别提供参考。聚类分析显示,遗传相似系数变幅为0.58 0.96,在遗传相似系数0.68处可以将所有供试材料分为六类,且分类结果与地理来源相近。此研究结果说明33份菠菜种质具有丰富的遗传多样性,可为菠菜品种选育提供理论依据。 相似文献
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应用ISSR分子标记绘制红麻种质资源DNA指纹图谱 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
以6份红麻种质资源为材料, 对UBC807~UBC80等80个ISSR引物进行筛选, 筛选出多态性好的ISSR引物20个。利用这20个ISSR引物扩增来自国内外84份红麻种质资源, 共获得230条谱带, 平均每个引物扩增出11.5条谱带, 其中多态性谱带185条, 多态性条带比率为80.43%, 表明供试的红麻种质资源遗传多样性较丰富。以供试84份红麻种质资源的ISSR扩增谱带为基础, 建立了供试材料扩增条带指纹数据库的Excel文件。根据指纹图谱唯一性原则, 采用自行开发的DNA指纹数据分析软件, 再从20个多态性好的ISSR引物中遴选出UBC 813、UBC 825、UBC 836、UBC 888和UBC 889引物, 绘制出82个红麻种质资源的DNA指纹图谱, 为红麻种质资源分子身份证的构建奠定了基础。 相似文献
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花椰菜种质资源遗传多样性SRAP标记分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了从分子水平上揭示花椰菜种质资源间的亲缘关系,为其种质搜集、鉴定、利用和遗传改良提供一定的理论基础。本研究采用SRAP分子标记技术对24份花椰菜种质资源进行遗传多样性研究。从30个引物组合中筛选得到23对多态性引物组合,共检测到257条扩增条带,平均每对引物扩增等位基因数从5到20不等。其中多态性片段为185条,多态性比例为71.98%,表明花椰菜种质间具有相对丰富的遗传多样性。相似系数分析表明种质间遗传相似系数为0.5491~0.9626,平均为0.7490。SRAP分子标记聚类分析结果显示来源和地域可作为花椰菜种质聚类的农性状之一。 相似文献
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薄皮甜瓜种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
RAPD分子标记对来源不同的41份薄皮甜瓜种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析。11个随机引物共扩增出78条带,平均每个引物扩增的多态性带数为5.3条,多态性带百分率为74.4%。利用NTSYS-pc软件计算种质间的遗传距离,用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,将供试的41份种质可分为3个类群8组,用EIGEN方法进行主坐标分析,将其分为4个类群12组。两种分类方法结果基本一致,后者能更为直观地反映群体之间的关系。 相似文献
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应用ISSR标记对32份洋葱种质资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。从31个ISSR引物中筛选出4条扩增产物条带清晰、多态性高的引物,在32份资源样品中共扩增出39条带,其中31条带为多态性位点,平均每个引物扩增的多态带数为7.75条,多态性条带比率（PPB）为79.48%。资源间的遗传相似系数在0.552~0.960之间,具有较为丰富的遗传多样性。ISSR聚类分析表明,在L取值为D=0.68时,可将32份洋葱资源分成5类：第一类包括18份种质资源,主要以Yellow Sweet Spanish系统为主;第二类包括1份种质资源,为Bejo Daytona;第三类包括3份种质资源,为Yellow Globe系统;第四类包括9份种质资源,为Yellow globe danvers系统;第五类包括1份种质资源,为Yellow Danvers system系统。较好地揭示了洋葱种质资源间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系,可为洋葱遗传育种和杂交亲本选择提供科学依据。 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2017,(10)
俄罗斯马铃薯种质资源具有综合抗性强的特点。尤其适合东北三省及内蒙古东部地区种植。为了丰富中国马铃薯品种改良的基因资源,本试验选取54份俄罗斯血缘的马铃薯品种,利用SSR分子标记技术对其遗传多样性进行分析,从DNA分子水平上明确各品种间的遗传差异。本试验从50对SSR引物中筛选出14对多态性好,目的条带清晰的引物,对供试的54份品种进行PCR扩增,共扩增出229个多态性条带,多态性条带百分率到达92.7%。扩增片段在100~1 500 bp。其中引物STM0030可以将供试的54个品种全部区分开。遗传相似性系数的变幅为0.52~0.99,平均为0.68。经聚类分析,在遗传相似性系数0.756处,将供试品种分为10类,从分子水平上揭示了各供试品种间的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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基于ISSR标记的印度南瓜种质资源遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2016,(12)
利用ISSR标记分析了36份印度南瓜种质资源,旨在阐明其遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为遗传和育种的利用提供理论依据。结果表明,筛选出的8条ISSR引物共扩增出63条带,平均每条引物扩增出7.88条,其中共有60条多态性条带,多态性比例为93.38%;36份印度南瓜材料的遗传相似系数在0.22~0.60,在相似系数0.36处,可将36份印度南瓜种质资源分为四大类,印度南瓜遗传变异与地理分布没有明显的相关性。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
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B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
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In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
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[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
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Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Summary Some photosynthetic characters as-leaf anatomy, leaf photosynthetic rate and CO2 compensation pointdistinguishing C3 and C4 plants and physiological characters as leaf area ratio, nitrogen content, leaf stem ratio and total shoot-to-root and deep root-to-shoot ratios have been studied in rice × sorghum and rice × wheat hybrids. Rice × sorghum 1. has lower values of photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen, total root and deep root-to-shoot ratio and CO2 compensation point as of rice parent where as, rice × sorghym 2. is superior in all these characters. Both hybrids lack kranz anatomy. Though both rice × sorghum hybrids show characters of C3 rice plant but rice × sorghum 2. has improved drought tolerance and leaf characters in relation to yield. Rice × wheat hybrid have higher assimilatory area and higher total root-to-shoot ratio. Grains of rice × wheat hybrids are identical to rice grain. However, as grains of rice × wheat hybrid does not contain seed coat, it could be exploited as novel rice germplasm after improvement.Abbreviations T
CO2 compensation point
- T21
CO2 compensation point at 21% O2
- T2
CO2 compensation point at 2% O2
- dR/sR
deep Root-to-shoot Ratio
- LAR
Leaf Area Ratio
- CER
photosynthetic rate
- TR/SR
Total Root-to-Shoot Ratio 相似文献