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杨帆 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2005,35(4):5-7
用9种杀虫剂进行室内灭杀草原毛虫药效研究,结果表明:9种杀虫剂中,辛氰乳油、敌杀死、氯氰菊酯、辛硫·甲氰菊酯灭效特别好,病毒灭毛剂和功夫乳油灭效较好,而艾美乐、绿僵菌、氧化乐果灭效较差。在应用上述杀虫剂防治草原毛虫时,辛氰乳油使用的稀释倍数为5000倍以上,敌杀死、辛硫·甲氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯使用3000~4000倍为宜。 相似文献
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以２～３日龄乳鼠为靶动物,以猪口蹄疫病毒及猪水泡病毒感作液给其染毒,观察了强力消毒灵对两种病毒的杀灭效果,并以英国产“农福”作对照,结果表明,两种消毒剂对上述两种病毒均有较强的杀灭作用,但强力消毒灵优于农福,前者的最高稀释倍数为１∶８００,后者为１∶２００。 相似文献
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根据青海省畜牧厅的安排，由黄南州草原站、河南县草专队协同承担组织的灭虫工作组，于1998年6月13日至8月8日进行了河南县草地灭虫工作，历时57天，灭治面积达20133．33hm2，使用药品700万ml，其中用草原毛虫病毒杀虫剂200万ml，杀灭灵500万ml。灭治效果，草原毛虫病毒杀虫剂达86％，杀灭灵达92％。在灭治前进行了喷雾机流量测试，并选择具有代表性的地段做了杀灭灵与5％高效氯氢菊酯小区对比试验，结果为杀灭灵用药量255ml／hm2，灭效为79，14％；300ml／hm2；灭效为91．98％；375ml／hm2，灭效为89．71％；450ml／hm2，灭效为92．46％。… 相似文献
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为了解达康灭毒灵的消毒效果、稳定性、腐蚀性与毒性，进行了悬液法定量杀菌(毒)试验、热稳定性试验、金属腐蚀性试验以及动物毒性试验。结果，在室温(20℃左右)下，以其含有效氯100mg／L溶液对悬液中金黄色葡萄球菌作用20min，对口蹄疫病毒(OY80MFl5鼠化毒)作用20min，杀灭率均达100％；其粉剂于54℃密封存放14d，有效氯含量下降率为2．1％；含有效氯2500mg／L的达康灭毒灵溶液对铝、碳钢、铜、不锈钢的腐蚀速率分别为1．242、1．356、0．464和0mm／a；其水溶液经口服途径对成年小鼠的LD50为2548mg／kg，经皮下途径对乳鼠的LD50为1186mg／kg，对兔皮肤刺激反应积分为0。试验表明，达康灭毒灵具有良好的杀灭微生物效果与稳定性，毒性小，浓度较大时对金属有一定的腐蚀性。 相似文献
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桑椹菌核病是危害果桑的一种主要病害,严重影响桑椹的产量和品质,为筛选有效的预防和控制桑椹菌核病的药剂,用430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮剂、37%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂、70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂、50%腐霉利可湿性粉剂进行了防治试验,在桑椹采摘前25 d停止用药。试验结果表明,430 g/L戊唑醇悬浮剂3 000倍稀释药液的防治效果最好,校正防效达95.74%;37%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂3 000倍稀释药液的防治效果次之,校正防效为54.47%;70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍稀释药液的防治效果较差,校正防效只有16.01%;50%腐霉利可湿性粉剂800倍稀释药液的防治效果最差,校正防效仅为11.19%。 相似文献
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杏仁蜂 (ＥｕｒｙｔｏｍａｓａｍｓｏｎｏｕｉＷａｓｓ )幼虫蛀食杏仁造成近成熟期大量落果 ,在鲁南杏产区发生普遍 ,近年来部分杏园受害严重 ,虫果率高达 5 9%。笔者于 1998～ 2 0 0 0年进行了 3年的防治试验 ,取得了较好效果。试验结果表明 ,1998年树上喷布 2 0 %灭扫利乳油 2 0 0 0倍液、30 %桃小灵乳油 15 0 0倍液 ,防治效果分别为 5 6 5 %和 6 0 5 % ;5 %扫虱蚜乳油 2 5 0 0倍液和 2 5 %敌杀死乳油 2 0 0 0倍液 ,防效分别为 6 9 6 %和 6 6 3% ;2 0 %灭蚜灵乳油 15 0 0倍液防治效果较低 ,仅 4 8 5 %。 1999年对上年防效较好的 5 %扫… 相似文献
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螨虱灵杀灭水牛血虱试验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本文应用杀螨、杀虱药剂“螨虱灵”对自然感染牛血虱的病水牛进行了离体杀虱和体表杀虱试验，结果“螨虱灵”按1：2000和1：3000水稀释，对离体牛虱处理15分钟，杀灭率分别为76.0%和73.3%；用1：3000水稀释液作体表喷洒治疗，治愈率达100%，表明该药对牛虱具有显著杀灭效果，且安全性大，故推荐临床使用剂量为1：2000-1：3000水稀释。 相似文献
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采用Klein—Defors悬浮杀灭方法,考察了那氏（NAS）制剂对H5N1和H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的杀灭效果。将不同浓度的NAS制剂药物组与利巴韦林药物对照组与H5N1亚型和H9N2亚型病毒各分别混合10min和30min。后10倍递进稀释成10个稀释度,接种鸡胚尿囊腔。培养一定时间后采集尿囊液进行血凝试验（HA）,计算NAS制剂对两种亚型禽流感病毒在不同时间的杀灭率。结果表明,以1：40、1：80、1：160、1：320、1：640的稀释浓度与10^7-63 EID50禽流感H5N1亚型病毒液作用10min,病毒杀灭率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min杀灭病毒率分别为100％、99．99％、99．43％、0、0。与10^0.17 EID50 H9N2亚型禽流感病毒液作用10min,其杀灭病毒率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min病毒杀灭率分别为100％、99．99％、90％、0、0。提示NAS制剂对这两种病毒都有较好的杀灭作用,而且杀灭效果与时间有关。 相似文献
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Leah Goldsmit M.Sc. Ph.D. Erga Barzilai M.Sc. A. Tadmor D.V.M. 《Australian veterinary journal》1975,51(4):190-196
The virus titre in sheep blood samples received from BT-suspected cases in the field was assayed in sheep and in chicken embryos. These infected blood samples represented 3 different BT virus types: 4, 10 and 16. Three identical experiments were performed, one with each of the 3 different virus types. Ten-fold dilutions of the infected blood samples were prepared and 1 ml of each blood dilution was inoculated IV into series of 10 to 12-month old susceptible sheep; at the same time 0.1 ml of each dilution was inoculated IV into series of 10 to 13-day-old chicken embryos. The virus titre was found to be similar when assayed in the two host systems. There was no correlation between the amount of virus inoculated and the severity of symptoms in the inoculated sheep. The virus content in daily blood samples collected from the experimental sheep was assayed by IV inoculation of CE. Virus was isolated from all the reacting sheep and was detected sometimes as early as 1 day PI and as late as 30 days PI. A high titre of log10 4.0 to 7.0 per 1 ml of blood was recorded during several consecutive days before and after the onset of clinical signs. There seemed to be an inverse ratio between the amount of virus inoculated and the number of days the virus persisted in the bloodstream. The neutralisation index in day 22 serum samples was 3.5 to 4.5. Virus was isolated from some of the reacting sheep on the day that these antibody levels were recorded. Since the comparative simultaneous titrations of BT virus in sheep and in CE yielded similar results, the IV inoculation of CE is advocated as the routine method to be employed for laboratory diagnosis of this disease. 相似文献
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Four tests of an inactivated emulsified vaccine against a herpesvirus infection (Pacheco's disease) in bodgerigars demonstrated that an effective vaccine could be produced with concentrated virus. Virus was propagated in chicken kidney cells, and cells and fluid were harvested 3 to 5 days after inoculation and sonicated. The virus was concentrated 100 x by centrifugation to produce a multiple emulsion vaccine that was protective against IM challenge exposure with live virus. The serologic response after vaccination was negligible, and many survivors to virus challenge exposure did not show a positive titer. 相似文献
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为建立蜜蜂畸翅病毒SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法,通过构建蜜蜂畸翅病毒(DWV)RDRP基因部分序列的标准质粒作为模板,进行了标准曲线的建立,并对所建立方法进行了特异性和灵敏度测试。结果表明:所建立的荧光定量RT-PCR扩增效率E=100%,R2=0.999,最低检出量为100个拷贝;该方法仅能检出DWV病毒,而不能检测出蜜蜂黑王台病毒、囊状幼虫病毒,具有很好的特异性。表明已成功建立了特异灵敏的DWV实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测方法。采用所建方法对昆明部分蜂场进行了DWV感染状况调查,结果表明昆明地区东方蜜蜂带毒率为54%,提示DWV病毒在昆明地区东方蜜蜂中存在流行。 相似文献
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Solid phase immune electron microscopy for diagnosis of transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A serological trapping technique is described for detecting transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus in faeces. The technique involves the coating of electron microscope grids with protein A and specific TGE virus antiserum. Optimal conditions for performing this solid phase immune electron microscopy technique were a concentration 250 micrograms ml-1 of protein A; 1:100 diluted rabbit anti-TGE virus hyperimmune serum for coating the grids and overnight incubation with virus samples. The possibility of detecting coronavirus in crude faeces was highly improved with solid phase immune electron microscopy, compared with conventional negative staining electron microscopy, by specific trapping of virus and prevention of adsorption of contaminants. The sensitivity of the method was evaluated by coded investigation of a dilution series of stock virus mixed with different pools of faeces. The improvement of virus detection in faeces by solid phase immune electron microscopy, compared with standard electron microscopy was at least 100-fold. Faecal shedding of coronavirus by pigs infected with virulent and attenuated strains of TGE virus was studied. Virus detection in faeces by a standard electron microscopy technique was not practical, since the virus was obscured by a large quantity of debris in the faeces. By using solid phase immune electron microscopy, however, the aspect of the specimens on the grids improved so much that, in addition to more common immunofluorescence, the technique might be useful as a diagnostic test for TGE. Virus was detected in daily faecal samples from one or two days after experimental infection with virulent TGE virus, until death in five out of eight animals. Unlike immunofluorescence, solid phase immune electron microscopy may be used for diagnosis in living animals. 相似文献
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【目的】研究复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的成泡性能,并评估该消毒剂对新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）和猪瘟病毒（Classical swine fever virus,CSFV）的杀灭效果,以及不同作用浓度和时间对消毒效果的影响。【方法】通过响应面法对复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷3种成分的含量进行优化;采用悬浮杀灭试验,以细胞感染方法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：100、1：200、1：400、1：500、1：600、1：800和1：1 000时分别作用5、10和15 min对NDV LaSota株的灭活率;采用悬液定量法,测定该消毒剂稀释度为1：200、1：300、1：400、1：500、1：600时分别作用3、5、7、10和15 min对CSFV Thiveral株的灭活率。【结果】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中主要成分苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量配比分别为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时,成泡时间达到83 min。该消毒剂在稀释度最高为1：400（以总含量计约为137.5 mg/L）时,最短作用时间5 min,对NDV LaSota株灭活率为100%;最短作用时间为3 min时,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%;作用时间延长至15 min时,对2种病毒的灭活率均稳定保持在100%。复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂的稀释度低于1：400时,对NDV LaSota株杀灭效果不佳;稀释度为1：500（以总含量计约为110 mg/L）、1：600（以总含量计约为91.67 mg/L）时,作用时间10 min,对CSFV Thiveral株灭活率达到100%,作用时间延长至15 min时,灭活率稳定保持在100%。【结论】复方季铵盐泡沫消毒剂中苯扎溴铵、癸甲溴铵和癸基葡萄糖苷含量为1.4%、3.8%和0.75%时成泡效果最优,该消毒剂对NDV和CSFV杀灭效果较好,为其在养殖场的规范使用提供参考与理论依据,也为畜禽养殖业场地环境消毒效果评价提供更多的可能性。 相似文献
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本研究的病毒分离物,是来源于天津地区某鸡场暴发的28日龄病鸡。此毒株对SPF雏鸡几乎100%感染发病,死亡率达30%～90%,此毒有很强的亲肾组织性,引起肾病变肿大、苍白、斑驳状,肾小管和输尿管有尿酸盐沉积。对SPF鸡胚感染率98%～100%,可致鸡胚侏儒化、卷曲等特征性病变。在10日龄SPF鸡胚连传10代后,其毒价可达106.5EID50/0.1ml。鸡胚毒不凝集鸡红细胞,可干扰NDV血凝素的生成,而其本身又可被AEV所干扰,能加速气管纤毛止动效应,电镜观察呈圆形或多样性,边缘不整,表面有纤突的病毒粒子,直径约100mm。病毒中和试验进行血清学鉴定,此毒对Gray株、Holte株和澳大利亚T株的中和保护率均低于50%,而对M41株则高于50%,此毒株具备冠状病毒的主要特征,定名为“鸡传染性支气管炎嗜肾性病毒X株”(NephropathogenicInfectiousBronchitisVirusStrainX)——NIBVX。 相似文献
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Concentration of infectious aquatic rhabdoviruses from freshwater and seawater using ultrafiltration
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, and spring viremia of carp virus were concentrated and detected from freshwater and seawater samples by using hollow-fiber ultrafiltration. Within 60 min, virus in a 50-L freshwater or saltwater sample was concentrated more than 70-fold, and virus retention efficiencies were consistently greater than 88%. Retention efficiency was highly dependent upon concentrations of column blocking and sample stabilization solutions. A large column with a surface area of 1.15 m2 and a filtration capacity of 5-200 L exhibited optimal viral retention when blocked with 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and when the samples were supplemented with 0.1% FBS. Conversely, a small column with 100-fold less surface area and a filtering capacity of 0.5-2.0 L was optimized when blocked with 1% FBS and when the samples were supplemented with 0.1% FBS. The optimized ultrafiltration procedure was further validated with water from a tank that contained IHNV-exposed juvenile sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka, resulting in an average virus retention efficiency of 91.6 +/- 4.1% (mean +/- SE). Virus quantification of concentrated samples demonstrated that IHNV shedding in sockeye salmon preceded mortality; shedding of the virus was observed to increase significantly as early as 7 d postchallenge and peaked at day 14, when virus levels reached 4.87 x 10(3) plaque-forming units/mL. We conclude that ultrafiltration is a reliable and effective method for concentrating viable aquatic rhabdoviruses from large volumes of water and has application for the analysis of environmental water samples. 相似文献