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1.
烟蚜传播黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的可能性及方式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定烟蚜体内携带的是否为黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（CGMMV）,采用RT-PCR和序列测定方法对其进行鉴定。本研究通过采集湖南宁乡、郴州、浏阳三个地区的田间烟蚜,提取RNA后反转录成cDNA,并以cDNA作为模板,通过设计引物进行PCR扩增,摇菌后测序。测序结果显示,在烟蚜体内扩增出与黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒相似度为99%的RNA病毒。对包括该分离物在内的22个基因核苷酸序列进行同源性比较和系统进化树构建,并结合地域来源进行分析,结果表明烟蚜体内的黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(CGMMV)来源于其携带的CGMMV。通过分析推测,烟蚜可传播黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒,且传毒方式为持久性。 相似文献
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黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒的鉴定及分子检测 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
【研究目的】黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV）的快速鉴定检测是控制该潜在危险性有害生物蔓延的有效途径。【方法】通过汁液摩擦接种、透射电镜观察、双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法（DAS-ELISA）和RT-PCR方法对该病毒进行鉴定;同时对RT-PCR反应体系及扩增程序进行优化,建立CGMMV免疫捕获RT-PCR（IC-RT-PCR）检测方法。【结果】血清学、生物学、电镜观察和分子生物学方法证明供试样本为黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒引致。IC-RT-PCR方法可以简化RNA的提取,降低对试验材料要求。【结论】IC-RT-PCR的建立为CGMMV的检测提供了操作更为简便、特异性更强的快速、准确的检测方法。 相似文献
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应用纳米磁珠荧光PCR检测棉花曲叶病毒 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了提供快速灵敏检测棉花曲叶病毒(Cotton leaf curl virus, CLCuV)的技术以防止其传播扩散,本研究根据CLCuV外壳蛋白基因（Coat protein, CP）保守序列设计了引物和TaqMan探针,并结合纳米磁珠(Magnetic nanoparticles, MNPs)建立了该病毒的MNP实时荧光PCR (Real-time PCR)检测方法。该方法检测阈值约为525 fg·μL-1 DNA。通过对CLCuV、非洲木薯花叶病毒、烟草线条病毒、黄瓜花叶病毒及番茄斑萎病毒的检测表明,该方法具有良好的特异性;同时该方法无需任何PCR后处理,交叉污染风险小。本方法可用于CLCuV的快速检测。 相似文献
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应用纳米磁珠实时荧光PCR检测非洲木薯花叶病毒 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
建立非洲木薯花叶病毒(African cassava mosaic virus, ACMV)灵敏快速的纳米磁珠实时荧光PCR检测技术,防止其传入中国。采用TaqMan探针结合纳米磁珠(magnetic nanoparticles, MNPs)技术,以外壳蛋白基因为目标基因,通过特异性及灵敏度试验建立MNP荧光PCR检测方法。成功建立了非洲木薯花叶病毒(ACMV)的MNP荧光PCR检测方法;该方法检测阈值约为13 pg DNA,比普通PCR及ELISA方法灵敏度高25倍;该方法具有良好的特异性,能够有效区分双生病毒属的ACMV、棉花曲叶病毒(CLCuV)、番茄黄化曲叶病毒(TYLCV)及番茄严重曲叶病毒(ToSLCV)。MNP荧光PCR方法能够快速灵敏的检测茎叶样品中的ACMV,无需任何PCR后处理,交叉污染风险小,适于口岸检验检疫。 相似文献
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建立高效的目的基因检测方法是保障生物育种研发和产业化进程的重要技术支撑。应用常规PCR法、TaqMan探针实时荧光PCR法及叶片直接PCR法对转基因玉米叶片进行CaMV35S启动子和NOS终止子2个转基因元件的检测。结果表明,叶片直接PCR法分别较常规PCR方法和TaqMan探针实时荧光PCR法节约62%、48%的时间和25%、43%的成本,而且扩增出的目的条带清晰可见,符合目的片段大小,结果真实可靠,适用于大量转基因玉米植株叶片的快速筛选和鉴定。 相似文献
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本研究以黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒侵染的黄瓜叶片为材料,应用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法（DAS-ELISA）、反转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、核酸斑点杂交（NASH）技术,进行了检测灵敏度比较研究。三种检测方法灵敏度实验结果表明：RT-PCR检测灵敏度高于地高辛标记的核酸斑点杂交技术,以血清学为基础的DAS-ELISA检测灵敏度最低。通过灵敏度对比分析得出,核酸斑点杂交技术可以替代RT-PCR应用于基层的检疫检测。 相似文献
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本研究旨在针对甜瓜种子中携带的黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)和小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(ZYMV),建立可视化环介导等温扩增检测方法。根据CMV和ZYMV外壳蛋白(CP)基因的保守序列,分别设计并筛选出2套特异性环介导等温扩增(LAMP)引物,通过对反应体系中主要影响因素的优化,建立适用于快速检测CMV和ZYMV的RT-LAMP检测方法。对优化后的2种LAMP检测方法进行特异性和灵敏度验证。结果表明,建立的2种LAMP检测方法分别能够特异性地检测出CMV和ZYMV,检测灵敏度较常规RT-PCR分别高出10倍和100倍,并且可通过肉眼观察直接对反应结果进行判定。该方法的建立为基层及现场快速检测甜瓜种子的带毒情况提供了新方法。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
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B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
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In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
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[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
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不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
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Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献