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鸭肝炎自然病例与鸭肝炎病毒人工发病病例组织病理学观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
到目前为止，对鸭肝炎I型作组织病理学研究的工作可分为下列几种：鸡鸭肝炎I型标准毒株人工发病雏鸭肝、脾、脑等多种器官作组织病理学观察；对鸭肝炎I型野外病例肝、脾、脑等作组织病理学观察；对鸭肝炎I型人工感染鸡胚肝脏等几种脏器作组织病理学观察等。国外Sandhu等还对鸭肝炎I型变 异株感染雏鸭作组织病理学观察。本文报道了对珠江三角洲有变异倾向的鸭肝炎I型自然病例和6株野毒人工发病病例的组织病理学观察结果，观察包括肝、脾、胰、脑、心、肺、肾、、腺胃、小肠、法氏囊等10种脏器，并对各器官的病变进行具体描述与统计。为国内外研究DHVI型变异株感染的组织病理学研究提供了更丰富详实的资料。 相似文献
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蛋鸡中发现J亚群白血病与网状内皮增生症自然混合感染 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12
发病蛋鸡经组织学、免疫组化检测确诊为J亚群白血病与网状内皮增生症混合感染。与人工接种病例不同的是，在肿瘤组织内还发现一种特殊的细胞——淋巴-巨噬细胞；在骨髓和肿瘤组织中检测到部分髓细胞胞浆内有ALV—J抗原表达。从发病情况、各器官病变程度及免疫组化结果来看，2种病原存在明显的相互协同作用，脾可能是网状内皮增生症的原发器官。但其发病的时间可能不如J亚群白血病早。此次在蛋种鸡发现此混合感染提示，病毒在环境选择压及免疫选择压的作用下，其生物特性、致病作用以及宿主范围均可发生改变。应警惕J亚群白血病和网状内皮增生症混合感染在蛋鸡中的大面积暴发。 相似文献
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Pathologic study of specific-pathogen-free chicks and hens inoculated with adenovirus isolated from hydropericardium syndrome. 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The mortality and pathology caused by serotype 4 adenovirus, isolated from chickens with hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in Japan, was investigated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. One-day-old to 15-mo-old SPF chickens were inoculated intramuscularly, orally, and intranasally with liver homogenates from HPS chickens or isolated serotype 4 adenovirus. There were no clinical signs before death. The mortality rate in all groups of 1-day-old chicks was 100%, irrespective of the inoculum or inoculation route. Four-week-old chickens inoculated with liver homogenate also had a 100% mortality rate. Five-week-old chickens inoculated with cell culture of HPS adenovirus had a 40% mortality rate. The mortality rates of 7-mo-old hens inoculated with liver homogenates intramuscularly and orally were 75% and 25%, respectively. In 15-mo-old hens inoculated with liver homogenates intramuscularly, the mortality rate was 70%. Gross lesions were hydropericardium and swelling and congestion of the liver with occasional petechial hemorrhages. Histologically, the liver had diffuse or multifocal hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage with intranuclear inclusion bodies noted within hepatocytes. In the spleen, macrophages containing erythrocytes and yellow pigment were prominent in the red pulp. In the lung, a moderate diffuse macrophage infiltration was noted throughout the lung parenchyma, and these macrophages contained yellow pigment. In the pancreas of the chicks inoculated at 1 day old, there was multifocal necrosis of glands with intranuclear inclusion bodies. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen also in the gizzard, proventriculus, duodenum, cecum, kidney, and lung of the chicks inoculated at 1 day old. Immunohistochemically, the intranuclear inclusion bodies of various organs showed positive reactions against group I avian adenovirus. Adenovirus was recovered from the liver of chickens with HPS. This study indicates that HPS adenovirus is able to reproduce HPS lesions and mortality in SPF chicks and even adult chickens and that it is a highly pathogenic strain. 相似文献
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An Australian diamond firetail finch died following the acute onset and development of severe diarrhea. The bird was purchased from a wholesaler and was housed in a pet store aviary with 12 other birds. Necropsy, histologic evaluation, and electron microscopic evaluation revealed organisms in the proventriculus (surface, ductal, and glandular epithelium) compatible in site of development, size, and morphology with Cryptosporidium spp. Lesions in the proventriculus were focal cuboidal metaplasia of glandular epithelial cells and deposition of amyloid in the perivascular interstitial tissues at the base of the glands. Amyloid also was present in the duodenum, liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidney. Inability to recover other organisms suggested that Cryptosporidium was the primary cause of diarrhea and death. The affected bird likely suffered dehydration as a result of acute gastrointestinal disturbance, concomitant with renal amyloidosis and urate nephrosis. 相似文献
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《Veterinary microbiology》2014,168(1):88-97
To compare the pathogenicity of PPMV-1 in pigeons and chickens, both species of birds were experimentally infected with strain pi/CH/LHLJ/110822, which was isolated from a pigeon in China. The clinical signs, gross lesions, and histopathological changes were observed in pigeons inoculated with pi/CH/LHLJ/110822. The morbidity and mortality rates were 80% and 70% in pigeons, respectively, whereas there were no clinical signs or gross lesions in chickens inoculated with the same strain. The viral loads in tissue samples were detected by real-time RT-PCR, indicating that six tissue samples (i.e., kidney, lung, brain, trachea, Harderian glands, and proventriculus) had detectable viral RNA in all dead pigeons, and significant differences in viral loads between pigeons and chickens were observed in several tissue samples (i.e., Harderian glands, proventriculus, duodenum, pancreas, small intestine, and large intestine) on 3 days post-inoculation (dpi) and in brain tissue on 7 dpi. In general, viral loads in pigeons were higher than those in chickens, whereas antibody titers in pigeons were lower than those in chickens. These results showed differences in pathogenicity, efficiency of viral RNA replication, and humoral immunity, indicating different susceptibilities between the host species. Additionally, the cross hemagglutination inhibition assay and cross virus neutralization tests demonstrated that pi/CH/LHLJ/110822 antigenicity was different from those of strains La Sota and F48E9. 相似文献
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雏鹅实验性副粘病毒病的临诊症状及病理变化研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用鹅副粘病毒BY株人工感染5日龄雏鹅，观察试验鹅的临诊症状和病理学变化。试验鹅最早于2d出现症状，3d开始死亡，死亡高峰期在3－5d,7d后停止死亡，总计试验鹅发病率为89.19%，死亡率为64.86%。主要临诊症状为精神不振，食欲降低或废绝，拉稀，流泪，流鼻液。主要大体病变为消化道粘膜的水肿、出血、坏死以及胰腺、脾脏组织的严重坏死。主要组织学变化为腺胃、肠道粘膜上皮细胞和胰腺腺泡上皮细胞严重变性、坏死、胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊等器官内淋巴细胞坏死、崩解，数量显著减少。 相似文献
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实用饲粮补锌对肉鸡组织锌、免疫器官及生产性能的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
采用实用饲粮（玉米－多饼型,含锌３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）,对狄高肉鸡（４～６周龄）分别补加锌４０和８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,研究微量元素Ｚｎ对试鸡组织锌含量、免疫器官生长发育及生产性能的影响。结果表明饲粮缺锌（含Ｚｎ３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）不影响鸡体重、饲料转化率和心、肝、肾、胰、肌胃、脑千克活体重（Ｐ＞０．０５）,但缺锌影响脾、胸腺、法氏囊、盲肠扁桃体、免疫器官及腺胃、小肠厚度、甲状腺生长发育（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）;饲粮补锌（４０、８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）能改善免疫器官机能,增加胫骨、跗骨、趾骨、肝、胰、肾、心组织锌含量（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）;骨、肝、胰组织对饲粮锌缺乏较敏感,趾骨锌含量是标识鸡锌营养状况的灵敏指标。 相似文献
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Cheng Z Shi Y Zhang L Zhu G Diao X Cui Z 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1295-1298
Two commercial flocks of Chinese partridge experienced increased mortality associated with a wasting disease at 120-day old in June 2006. Postmortem examination of dead chickens consistently showed visceral tissues mainly proventriculus, liver and spleen were diffuse enlargement. Microscopic examination revealed masses of immature lymphocytes with frequent mitotic figures were seen in various tissues including proventriculus, liver, spleen, kidney, heart, lung, thymus and intestine. Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) was isolated from each of four blood samples. Viral antigens were observed in cultured CEF (SPF embryos came from the Ji-nan poultry institute) inoculated blood samples via on indirect immunofluorescent assay. Three hundred bp fragments of LTR of REV obtained from liver samples of six chickens by PCR. This disease has not previously been reported in Chinese partridge. Chinese partridge may represent a potential reservoir of infection for other Chinese local chickens. 相似文献
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T Miyamae 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(3):508-510
Invasion sites of avian encephalomyelitis virus in the internal organs of orally infected chicks were determined by the immunofluorescent method. The invasion began when the epithelium tunica mucosae of the duodenum (together with the proventriculus, jejunum, or cecum in certain birds killed at postinoculation day 1) became test-positive. Viremia persisted for more than 5 days in the early stage of infection, then the pancreas was rapidly infected, followed by the liver, kidney, and spleen. Subsequently, the virus spread to the CNS. Rapid infection of the duodenum and pancreas was clearly observable. 相似文献
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INFECTION STUDIES ON A RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUS CONTAMINANT OF A COMMERCIAL MAREK''S DISEASE VACCINE 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) was isolated in cell cultures from commercial Marek's disease (herpesvirus of turkeys) vaccine and re-isolated from the organs of vaccinated chickens. Runting and feathering abnormalities were produced when 1-day-old specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated with REV. Histopathological lesions in infected chickens were hypoplasia of the thymus, bursa and spleen, and inflammation of the proventriculus, kidneys and liver. Serological responses to REV were detected by the indirect immunoflorescence test in chickens directly inoculated with contaminated vaccine, and spread of REV infection to in-contact chickens was demonstrated by histopathological and serological investigations. 相似文献
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鸭瘟病毒弱毒株在免疫雏鸭体内的分布和排毒规律 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9
鸭瘟病毒(DPV)弱毒Cha株经皮下、口服和滴鼻3种途径免疫1日龄雏鸭，应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测了病毒在体内分布和排毒规律。Cha株免疫雏鸭后，对血液、心、肝、脾、肺、肾、十二指肠、直肠、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、肌肉、骨髓、粪便和食道共19种组织PCR检测结果如下：(1)皮下接种雏鸭后4h，即可在心、肝、脾、肾、法氏囊、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑和小脑共10种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，所有采取的组织器官均可检测到DPV的DNA。(2)口服接种雏鸭后4h，可在舌和食道中检测到DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、胰腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共12种组织器官中检出DPV的DNA。(3)滴鼻接种雏鸭后4h，未能在各种组织中检出DPV的DNA；8h后，可在心、肝、脾、肾、胸腺、延脑、大脑、小脑、舌、食道和血液共11种组织中检测到DPV的DNA。(4)在3种免疫途径中，检出时间最早和检出率最高的组织器官为肝脏、脑(大脑、小脑和延脑)；3种途径免疫的鸭，从免疫后12h至21d均能从所有采集的组织中检测出DPV DNA。 相似文献
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Characterization of three infectious bronchitis virus isolates from China associated with proventriculus in vaccinated chickens. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Outbreaks of an avian disease in infectious bronchitis-vaccinated chickens in China have led to the characterization of coronaviral isolates Q1, J2, and T3, which were isolated from proventricular tissues of the affected young layer flocks. Serologic analysis revealed that they could induce high titers of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) antibodies in inoculated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay but were not neutralized by antisera specific to the IBV serotype M41 and the Australian T strain. In a pathogenicity experiment, the clinical signs and related gross lesions resembling those of field outbreaks were reproduced in SPF chickens, and viruses were reisolated from the damaged tissues, including trachea, proventriculus, duodenum, and cecal tonsil. Sequence data demonstrated the complete S1 amino acid sequences of these isolates were almost identical despite recovery from geographically different areas in China and had 47.3%-82.3% similarity in comparison with the 47 published S1 sequences. On the basis of genotyping and limited serology, the three isolates, which were responsible for field outbreaks of the disease, might be a new IBV variant. 相似文献
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Epidemiology, pathology, and immunohistochemistry were investigated in layer hens affected with H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza, which occurred for the first time in 79 years in Japan. The farm, which had a total of 34,640 chickens, experienced up to 43.3% mortality before the chickens were depopulated. Clinically, the affected chickens exhibited mortality without apparent clinical signs. Histologically, hepatocytic necrosis; necrosis of ellipsoids and follicles with fibrin in the spleen; necrosis with glial nodules in the brain stem, cerebrum, and cerebellum; necrosis of acinar cells in the pancreas; and necrosis of lymphoid tissues in intestinal lamina propria were seen. Occasionally, mild bronchiolitis, degeneration of smooth muscle fibers in the cecum, and mild tubulonephrosis were noted. Immunohistochemically, influenza virus antigens were detected often in the liver and spleen, heart, intestine, gizzard, proventriculus, and oviduct. In addition, antigens were seen also in the brain, kidney, pancreas, and ovary, but seldom in the lung and trachea. Virus antigen was mainly detected in the capillary endothelium and parenchymal cells. This suggests that virus excretion from the respiratory tract was not as prevalent as that from the digestive tract in the present cases. 相似文献
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J亚群白血病的病理学观察及PCR诊断 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
从某肉种鸡场取疑似J亚群白血病的自然发病鸡，剖检，观察病理学特征(光镜、电镜)。随后对该场进行ALV-J抗体ELISA检测，发现感染率达28％，从中选取部分抗体阳性鸡及阴性鸡剖检，取肝进行ALV-J特异性PCR检测。结果：自然发病鸡病变明显，在肝、脾、肾、睾丸(卵巢)肺等多种组织肿大，并有大小不等的灰白色结节。镜检：病灶内及肿瘤主要由密集的髓细胞组成，在大脑、小脑坐骨神经中未见。电镜，肿块中的髓细胞样瘤细胞呈圆形、核圆形或椭圆形，体积大小不一、染色质边集，胞浆中溶酶体增多，有些电子密度较高，有些趋于溶解，肝细胞体积增大，核浓缩或淡染，胞浆中线粒体增多，肿胀，嵴减少或消失，在胞浆膜下有病毒粒子存在。PCR结果：6例抗体阳性鸡和部分自然病例PCR阳性而2只对照鸡PCR阴性。通过以上证据可知，病变明显的和抗体阳性的鸡PCR结果全部为阳性，证明鸡体内病毒与抗体共存，而抗体阴性，病毒阳性的结果未出现，说明此肉种鸡场感染的ALV-J大部分是由于水平传播造成的。 相似文献
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The replicative abilities and tissue tropism properties of 13 non-pathogenic or low-pathogenic waterfowl-origin type A influenza isolates recovered in 1986 were examined in chickens. Following intravenous challenge, reisolation of challenge virus was attempted from swabs of the luminal surfaces of the cloaca, jejunum, ileum, bursa, trachea, and air sacs and from swabs of bone marrow and liver tissues. Virus-isolation attempts were also accomplished on brain, thymus, spleen, pancreas, gonad, kidney, blood, and lung tissues. The overall frequency of influenza virus recovery for each experiment ranged from 3.1% to 49.3%. For all experiments combined, 58.3% of the kidney tissues and 62.9% of the cloacal swab samples collected on days 1 to 10 postinoculation were positive for challenge virus recovery. Virus titers up to 10(8.7) mean embryo infective dose per gram of kidney tissue were demonstrated in clinically normal chickens. Distinct biological variations and nephrotropism appear to exist among the corporate properties of virus populations making up each of the 13 waterfowl-origin type A influenza isolates. 相似文献
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Early pathogenesis in chicks of infection with an enterotropic strain of infectious bronchitis virus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
One-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were inoculated intranasally and intraocularly with infectious bronchitis virus (strain G). At days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 postinfection, three birds were euthanatized, and the virus contents of both enteric tissues and some non-enteric tissues were assayed. Immunofluorescence and histopathological studies were also conducted. Six of 30 chicks died of nephritis between days 5-10 postinfection. Gross kidney lesions were the major pathological abnormalities. Inflammation was observed histologically in trachea, kidney, and rectum. High virus titers were found at various times in trachea, kidney, and all enteric tissues except for the jejunum. Relatively high titers of virus were still detectable at day 14 postinfection in the kidney, proventriculus, cecal tonsil, ileum, rectum, and bursa of Fabricius. Immunofluorescence staining showed viral antigens in enterocytes at the tips of villi in the ileum and rectum, and in the bursa. Viral antigens were also demonstrated in the epithelial cells of the trachea and in kidney tubules. 相似文献
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应用琼脂扩散试验检测新城疫抗原 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用PEG平板进行琼脂扩散试验检测病禽组织器官中的新城疫抗原，采用抗原与兔抗ND高兔血清的点阵分析。确定了兔抗ND高兔血清诊断抗体的最佳稀释度为1：2，采用多器官检查和统一判定方法，即心、肝，脾、肺、肾，脑，盲肠扁桃体，法氏囊等器官检出阳性时即可判为新城疫。 相似文献