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1.
喀纳斯自然保护区林地和草地土壤呼吸速率差异及影响因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了研究新疆喀纳斯国家自然保护区森林生态和草地生态系统与大气的相互作用,分析土壤呼吸速率的时空变异特征及与影响因子的关系,2012年及2013年5月上旬至9月上旬利用土壤碳通量测量系统LI-8150对林地和草地两种植被类型土壤的呼吸速率日动态进行了全天连续自动监测,研究了两类土壤呼吸速率在生长季各月日的变化规律。结果表明:林地和草地生态系统土壤呼吸速率在植被生长季内均呈现较明显的单峰曲线型日变化,其月最大值均出现在7月,林地土壤呼吸速率的最大值(2.43μmol/(m~2·s))显著高于草地土壤呼吸速率最大值(1.55μmol/(m~2·s)),且各月林地生态系统的土壤呼吸速率均明显高于草地,波峰出现在北京时间17:00—18:00,波谷出现在北京时间9:00—10:00,草地最小值出现在6月(0.35μmol/(m~2·s)),而林地最小值出现在5月,其呼吸速率仅0.71μmol/(m~2·s),且整个生长季白天大于晚上,全天以呼出CO_2为主。植被生长季内林地和草地土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度的变化趋势相似,具有显著的正相关性,但与土壤含水量的变化没有这样的趋势。 相似文献
2.
土壤呼吸日动态特征及其与大气温度、湿度的响应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为阐明西藏高原区土壤呼吸作用日变化特征对大气温度、湿度特征因子的响应,以西藏林芝八一镇农田为研究对象,研究土壤呼吸速率与地表大气温度、湿度及土壤水分蒸发之间的响应关系。结果表明:土壤呼吸作用具有单峰型日变化特征,呼吸速率在0.5～1.3μmol/(m2.s)范围内,最大值出现在15:00-16:00之间,最小值出现在10:00-12:00。气温是影响土壤呼吸速率变化的关键气象因子,与土壤水分蒸发速率和大气湿度呈极显著正相关。但土壤呼吸速率的日变化与气温、大气湿度、蒸发速率之间并不完全同步,1d内,在19:00-7:00之间气温变化幅度较小,呼吸速率与气温、大气湿度和蒸发速率之间呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.001)。在7:00-19:00之间气温变化幅度大,表现为土壤呼吸作用滞后于气温、大气湿度和蒸发变化,约滞后3h。由此可知,短暂的大气温度、湿度条件变化并不能引起土壤呼吸作用的快速显著变化。 相似文献
3.
黔中喀斯特地区不同林型春季土壤呼吸研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统及土壤呼吸叶室6400-09对黔中喀斯特地区5种林型的土壤呼吸速率进行了测定和分析.结果表明,土壤呼吸速率日动态均呈单峰型;马尾松林土壤呼吸速率的昼夜变化值比阔叶林平均高0.91 CO2 μmol/(m2·s),其中凋落物部分平均高1.50 CO2 μmol/(m2·s);呼吸速率日均值为马尾松林(4.41 μmol/m2·s)>柏木林(3.55 μmol/m2·s)>阔叶林(3.49 μmol/m2·s)>灌木林(3.32 μmol/m2·s)>针阔混交林(3.05 μmol/m2·s);呼吸速率日极差与El呼吸速率平均值的比值为马尾松林(40.56%)>灌木林(23.91%)>针阔混交林(23.29%)>阔叶林(18.46%)>柏木林(13.70%);凋落物占土壤呼吸速率的比重为马尾松林>针阔混交林>灌木林>柏木林>阔叶林;土壤呼吸速率与5 cm土温关联较大;土壤湿度与土壤呼吸速率值呈负相关. 相似文献
4.
黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型土壤呼吸及其与温度和水分的关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
[目的]分析黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型土壤呼吸速率释放特征,为揭示该区域不同立地类型C循环特征奠定基础。[方法]采用LI-8100土壤碳通量测量系统于2014年11月至2015年7月,对标准径流小区红豆草、苜蓿、撂荒地和梯田苜蓿、沙打旺5种地类土壤呼吸速率及其地表温度、土壤温度(5cm)、土壤含水量进行观测。[结果](1)土壤呼吸速率日变化表现为昼高夜低的单峰型曲线,与温度的变化趋势一致,年均土壤呼吸速率表现为:沙打旺(梯田)2.27μmol/(m^2·s)>红豆草1.79μmol/(m^2·s)>苜蓿1.77μmol/(m^2·s)>苜蓿(梯田)1.62μmol/(m^2·s)>撂荒地0.77μmol/(m^2·s);(2)土壤呼吸速率呈现明显的季节变化特征,夏季最高,春季和秋季次之,冬季最低。夏季与春、秋、冬3季土壤呼吸速率差异显著(p<0.05);(3)土壤呼吸速率与地表温度和土壤温度(5cm)的相关性均达到显著水平(p<0.05)。除撂荒地外,各样地土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度(5cm)的相关度均高于其与地表温度的相关度,各样地土壤温度(5cm)Q10值介于1.94~3.00;(4)土壤呼吸速率与土壤含水量之间线性相关不显著(p>0.05),但与土壤温度(5cm)和土壤含水量的交互作用显著相关(p<0.01)。[结论]梯田土壤呼吸速率总体表现优于坡地,裸露地表在恢复植被的过程中,土壤环境质量显著提升。 相似文献
5.
喀斯特峡谷不同植被类型土壤的呼吸及其温度敏感性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]了解喀斯特地区植被恢复对土壤碳释放的影响,为精确估计区域土壤碳收支变化提供参考。[方法]以喀斯特峡谷地区典型植被类型(草地、稀灌草丛、灌丛和乔木林地)为研究对象,采用Li-8100便携式土壤呼吸仪对其土壤呼吸、土壤温度和土壤水分进行定位连续观测,系统研究土壤温度(T)和土壤湿度(W)对土壤呼吸速率(Rs)的影响。[结果](1)草地、稀灌草丛、灌丛和乔木林4种植被类型土壤呼吸均呈单峰型季节动态,土壤呼吸速率的最大值均出现在夏季,最小值出现在冬季,其土壤呼吸速率变化范围分别为0.73~1.21,1.20~1.48,1.54~2.41,1.86~2.95μmol/(m2·s);观测期内,土壤呼吸速率均值分别为1.65,2.76,2.45,3.43μmol/(m2·s)。(2)土壤温度是影响土壤呼吸速率的主导因素,单因素指数模型显示土壤温度对土壤呼吸速率变化的解释能力为72.37%;三次项模型表明土壤水分的贡献率为43.9%。双因素关系模型较好地反映了土壤温度、湿度对土壤呼吸的影响,二者可共同解释土壤呼吸变化的81.5%~91.2%。(3)土壤呼吸的温度敏感性指数Q10值与土壤温度和湿度均呈显著负相关(p0.05)。[结论]4种植被类型土壤呼吸及其温度敏感性同时受土壤温度和水分影响,当土壤含水量过低或过高时,土壤温度的主导作用相对减弱,土壤湿度的影响作用加强。 相似文献
6.
采用Li-6400便携式光合作用测量系统连接Li-6400-09土壤呼吸室,在2013年生长季节对黑河流域高山草甸湿地土壤CO2通量进行了野外定位试验,统计分析了水热因子对高山草甸湿地土壤CO2通量特征的影响。结果表明,高山草甸湿地区不同层次土壤的日平均温度差值由土壤表层(0cm)的14.5℃骤降到土壤20cm层的5.8℃,对土壤呼吸有较大的影响;土壤CO2通量日变化特征明显,早晨8:00—10:00维持在较低水平,土壤CO2通量在0.81~1.10μmol/(m2·s),在11:00开始升高,13:00达到峰值,峰值为3.26μmol/(m2·s),18:00开始下降,整个过程呈单峰曲线;高山草甸湿地区土壤CO2通量与10cm土壤温度、土壤含水量存在不同程度的正相关关系,表明土壤CO2通量的变化受温度和水分所控制。 相似文献
7.
土壤呼吸速率是反映陆地生态系统功能的重要指标之一。采用土壤碳通量测量系统LI-8100A 对甘肃省玉门镇饮马农场5种不同植被类型土壤(裸地、葵花、小麦、孜然、茴香)呼吸速率、空气湿度、土壤温度、水分等影响因素的日动态变化规律进行了监测,分析了不同植被类型土壤呼吸速率的日变化特征及与环境因素的相关关系。结果表明,不同植被类型土壤呼吸速率明显不同,5种植被类型土壤呼吸速率的日平均值大小顺序为:茴香[7.710±1.705 μmol/(m2·s) ]＞ 小麦[5.266±0.953 μmol/(m2·s)] ＞ 葵花[5.237±0.568 μmol/(m2·s) ]＞ 孜然[3.504±0.431 μmol/(m2·s)] ＞ 荒地[2.567±0.666 μmol/(m2·s)] 。对于有植被覆盖的地块,土壤呼吸速率的日变化呈现先减小,后逐渐增大,在13:00 — 15:00时达到峰值,随后逐渐减小的趋势,大致呈“S”型曲线;而对于裸地,土壤呼吸速率的日变化呈现先增大后逐渐减小的趋势,大致呈“M”型或倒“V”型。 相似文献
8.
[目的]了解果园土壤呼吸的季节和年际变化及其影响因素,为退耕还果条件下黄土高原地区土壤碳源汇功能变化研究提供依据。[方法]在长武农田生态系统国家野外站,以盛产期果园为对象,利用土壤碳通量监测系统(Li-COR,Lincoln,NE,USA)连续3 a原位监测了土壤呼吸、土壤水分和温度变化,分析了土壤呼吸的季节性和年际间的变化及其与水分、温度变化之间的关系。[结果]土壤呼吸具有明显的季节和年际变异特征:最高值出现在雨季(7—9月),3 a分别为3.14,3.98,4.71μmol/(m~2·s),最低值出现在11月后,3 a依次为0.99,0.88,0.69μmol/(m~2·s);年际间累积呼吸量变异约21%。土壤呼吸与温度呈显著指数关系,而不同水分状况下土壤呼吸及温度敏感性(Q_(10))不同,当土壤水分含量11.12%时,土壤呼吸为2.01μmol/(m~2·s),当土壤含水量变化于11.12%～23.63%之间时,土壤呼吸为2.24μmol/(m~2·s),当土壤含水量23.63%时,土壤呼吸则为1.38μmol/(m~2·s);相应地不同水分条件下Q_(10)值分别为1.57,1.63和1.38。[结论]土壤水分显著影响黄土区苹果园土壤呼吸和Q_(10),研究结果为黄土区果园生态系统碳汇功能的估算提供了依据。 相似文献
9.
盐池沙地不同土壤水分条件下沙柳的光响应研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在半干旱的盐池沙区,运用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统,测定了3 a生沙柳在不同水分条件下叶片光合和蒸腾作用的光响应特性.结果表明;0～2 000μmol/(m2·s)PAR范围内,沙柳在土壤水分为2%,4%,8%,12%时的光饱和点分别为1 340,1 520,1 550和1 633 μmol/(m2·s),随土壤含水量的增大而增大;Tr随PAR的增高不断增大;最大Pn分别为8.7,9.1,9.47和19.52 μmol/(m2·s);维持较高的Pn,即净光合速率达到最大的80%时,最低光照强度均在500μmol/(m2·s)以上;既保证较高的光能利用效率又维持较高的水分利用效率的光强600～1 500 μmol/(m2·s).沙柳平均Pn随着土壤含水量的增大而增大,而平均WUE在土壤含水量为8%时达到最大值,因此,沙柳的光能利用效率和水分利用效率都比较好的SWC应该为8%左右. 相似文献
10.
为了更好地指导金沙江干热河谷地Ⅸ台湾青枣的种植,提高产量,该文研究了4种不同土壤水分处理(A,B,C,D处理的土壤含水率在台湾青枣的全育期分别保持在田间持水量的40%～55%,55%～70%、70%～85%、85%～100%)对台湾青枣净光合速率和蒸腾速率的影响,分析了土壤水分和光合速率、土壤水分和蒸腾速率的关系,计算出不同土壤水分处理的水分利用率,得出以下结论:(1)净光合速率的日变化和季节变化均呈现"双峰"曲线,在土壤含水率为出问持水量的70%～85%时达到最大;(2)蒸腾速率的日变化和季节变化均呈现"双峰",随着土壤含水量的增加而增大,土壤含水率为田间持水量的85%～100%时达到最大,日变化最大值为10.95 mmol/(m2·s),季节变化最大值出现在6月,为10.2 mmol/(m2·s);(3)水分利用率在土壤含水率为田间持水量的55%～70%时达到最大,日变化最大值出现在8:00,为7.63μmol/mmol,季节变化平均值为1.85 μmol/mmol. 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
19.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
20.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献