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针对现状北屯灌区节水灌溉技术的推广应用情况,分析了各种不同节水灌溉模式的投资、节水效益、节水效果以及作物种植品种、灌溉管理方式等因素对节水灌溉模式的影响,综合各种因素,因地制宜地确定节水灌溉模式. 相似文献
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从分析我国节水灌溉行业发展现状、网络建站统计、参与网络营销统计及整体营销水平等方面,总结了目前我国节水灌溉行业网络营销水平较低的主要现状.通过节水灌溉行业传统营销模式与网络营销模式的对比,得出当代网络营销模式更适合我国节水灌溉行业的发展.从我国电子商务发展现状、节水灌溉行业特点和电子商务运行策略等方面讨论了网络营销在灌溉行业中应用的障碍因素和发展建议,总结了基于一站式网络营销平台节水灌溉行业发展模式的优势.指出随着电子商务和网络营销模式的不断完善,它们在节水灌溉行业将会显现出巨大的发展潜力,是节水灌溉行业未采营销的发展趋势和主要竞争方式. 相似文献
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节水灌溉现状分析和发展措施探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
节水灌溉技术是在作物增产和稳产的前提下,探究如何充分利用天然降水和土壤蓄水,以减少灌溉用水量.分析我国节水灌溉的发展现状及技术应用,并以黑龙江垦区为例,介绍节水灌溉技术的应用情况.同时,从农业政策、灌溉技术和工作实践3个视角展望节水灌溉的发展趋势. 相似文献
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张掖地区节水灌溉模式应用分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
王天雄 《中国农村水利水电》2002,(4):25-26
针对张掖地区应用推广节水灌溉技术的概况，分析了各种节水灌溉模式的投资、节水效益以及地面坡度、风速、蒸发量、降雨量和作物种植品种等因素对节水灌溉模式的影响，并结合本地不同时期的经济状况，综合各种因素，因地制宜地确定节水灌溉模式。 相似文献
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针对目前苏南地区传统的农田灌溉模式不适应当前现代农业生产发展要求的问题,提出了多功能节水灌溉理念,并在抽水站的形式、管网布局和农田放水口等3个方面进行了技术研究。太仓市何桥村节水灌溉示范区应用了多功能节水灌溉技术后.取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。 相似文献
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针对特色林果业种植面积快速发展中,现有节水灌溉技术应用于果树灌溉存在一些局限和不完善问题,创新提出基于果树类作物的蓄流分离式灌溉技术模式。以技术理论结合试验示范应用研究范例,分析这一灌溉模式节水增产、节能降耗、提升灌溉水温、定额用水机制,以及取得的技术经济效果。蓄流灌溉新模式对研究拓展不同灌溉作物多元化节水新技术、新方法、新产品,具有重要的现实应用意义。 相似文献
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《中国农村水利水电》2015,(9)
中国是一个水资源短缺的国家,农业生产却消耗了大量水资源,在现有生产条件下,节水灌溉技术的推广和使用势在必行。然而目前农村人口流动带来了农业女性化问题,现有节水灌溉技术推广模式在这一背景下面临诸多挑战。女性受教育水平较低,社会地位相对边缘化,生产劳动压力较大等影响到了节水灌溉技术的推广和应用。对此,必须增加对节水灌溉技术推广的资金支持,开展更多针对女性的技术培训,通过技术推广模式的创新和改变来适应农业女性化的发展,促进节水灌溉技术的推广和应用。 相似文献
8.
为了应对水资源紧缺对水稻生产的威胁,自20世纪80年代以来,国内外水稻科技工作者对水稻节水灌溉技术或模式进行了大量的研究,但缺少系统地比较以及根据不同区域实际田间情况进行节水效果的评价梳理.本文采用文献数据分析的方法,综述了几种常见的水稻节水灌溉技术模式,比较了不同技术模式在节水和增产效果上的差异及其优、缺点.结果表明,"浅湿晒灌溉"的增产效果较好,但对田块的要求较高,并且难以确定灌溉定额;"间歇灌溉"的节水效果较好,但操作复杂,推广性差;"控制灌溉"能提高水稻的抗逆性,但没有统一的灌水指标;"适雨灌溉"节水效果较好,但增产效果一般;"滴灌"能提高水肥利用率,但可能会导致产量降低.综合来看,"滴灌"和"控制灌溉"适合在北方稻区推广,"蓄雨型灌溉"技术具有较大的节水和增产潜力,适合在南方稻区推广. 相似文献
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灌溉作业是农业生产的重要工作,对农作物的健康生长和稳产高产意义重大,随着精确农业理念在我国普及,农业生产的灌溉作业也向着节约型、精确型、自动化发展转变,节水灌溉技术的应用显著提高了水资源利用率,为农业生产抵抗干旱、作物合理供水提供有力保证。重点分析了节水灌溉技术国内外应用情况与科研成果,分析了自动节水灌溉技术的组成与应用模式。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
13.
对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
15.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
16.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
17.
Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
18.
在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献