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1993～1999年麻塘垸牛羊血吸虫病疫情动态调查 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
岳阳县麻塘垸是湖南省血吸虫病高危地区民是血吸虫是间宿主－钉螺孳生自然场所,为了准确地掌握该地区牛羊血吸虫病的疫情及其变化动态。自１９９３￣１９９９年连续对该地区牛羊（羊自１９９５年才逐渐发展）血吸虫病疫情进行了系统调查,共查耕牛７７０７头次,查出病牛３９０头次,平均感染率为５．０６％,查羊３４６次,查出病羊８２只次,感染率为２３．７％,基本上摸清了疫情及其动态变化。通过宣传教育,反复查治及综合治理有效地遏制疫情大幅度回升,但仍在一定水平上徘徊,进一步认识了血防工作的长期性、艰巨性和经常性。 相似文献
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对牛羊调运检疫工作进行监管,能够有效的控制动物疫情的发生,也能够避免危害性疫病流入销售市场。本文对牛羊调运的检疫监管进行研究及分析,以确保牛羊调运检疫工作的顺利开展。 相似文献
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李宁夏 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2003,33(2):45-45
高寒地区牛羊育肥 ,受气候、地理环境等条件限制 ,有很大的局限性 ,要想获取较高的经济效益 ,必须注意以下几个问题 :1 搞好畜疫防治 ,防止牛羊传染病暴发。牛羊育肥的畜源 ,均来自不同地区一家一户牧民群众之中 ,由于在牧区地广人稀 ,牛羊多种传染病均以地区性的方式呈零散性流行。群众在预防传染病时 ,只重视本地区流行的疫情 ,而不重视另一地区流行的疫情 ,不搞疫苗预防 ,易引发多种传染病的流行 ,造成牛羊大批死亡 ,给经营者带来很大的经济损失。因此 ,在购进一批育肥牛羊后 ,及时视当地和周边地区流行的疫情 ,注射相应的疫苗进行预防 … 相似文献
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2018年1月17日,宁夏银川市兴庆区养殖户罗某某报告一起疑似牛口蹄疫疫情。为了解报告病例的具体情况,确诊疫情,确定疫情可能扩散的范围,追溯可能来源,分析潜在的风险因素,及时提出控制措施,采用现场调查和实验室检测相结合的方式,对该起疫情进行了紧急流行病学调查。结果显示,该起疫情为牛O型口蹄疫疫情,可能源于对患病或潜伏期内牛羊的私屠滥宰以及人员和车辆的流动。风险分析提示,应进一步规范牛羊定点屠宰监管,严格活畜调运监管,加强口蹄疫的免疫与监测以及防控知识的宣传教育。 相似文献
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<正>布氏杆菌病属于一种比较严重的传染性病症,这种病症容易人畜共患,病情很容易在牛羊群体当中广泛的传播,如果无法及时查出疫情,则会导致大面积的牛羊患有布氏杆菌病,甚至会导致雌性牛羊出现流产,还容易导致牛羊合并关节炎、腱鞘炎等病症,这会给畜牧业带来严重的损失。1 关于牛羊布氏杆菌病的疫情检疫选择全乳环状实验检疫方法进行检疫,是一种对于雌性牛羊乳液进行检疫的方案,先将雌性牛羊的乳房清洗干净,然后进行采样。从乳头当中挤出大约1 mL乳液 相似文献
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2011年对8个家畜血吸虫病观测点血吸虫感染、野粪污染情况以及螺情进行了调查.全年共检测了21091头牛、1425只羊以及1760头(匹)其他家畜,血吸虫病感染率分别为0.42％、0.63％和0％.在97头(只)感染家畜中,90.72％(88头)为牛,9.28％(9只)为羊.江西省吴城镇和湖南省南大膳镇的牛血吸虫感染率超过4％.在湖南省和江西省的观测点中发现家畜粪便有血吸虫虫卵污染,其中96.15％阳性野粪为牛粪.所有观测点都有钉螺分布,但阳性钉螺主要分布在湖南省和江西省的观测点.观测结果显示湖南省洞庭湖和江西省鄱阳湖地区是目前防控家畜血吸虫病的重点地区,且病牛依然是血吸虫病疫区(尤其是湖沼型地区)的主要传染源. 相似文献
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The trial was carried out at the Kokstad Research Station in the summer rainfall area on the Eastern sea board of South Africa. Growing cattle and sheep in the first season and cattle only in the second were run on a preference and follower herd basis within a rotational grazing system on veld. This resulted in better mass gains in the preference cattle which reached statistical significance in both seasons. The cattle and sheep in the preference herd selected a diet higher in crude protein than the follower herd. The sheep selected samples which were higher in crude protein than those selected by the cattle. 相似文献
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本文通报了2012年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。在2012年,湖南省、湖北省、江西省、四川省、安徽省、云南省、江苏省等7省共有存栏牛1 033 056头,存栏羊2 024 512只,其他家畜存栏数891 301头（匹、只）。2012年共检查了684 899头牛,其中牛血吸虫病阳性3961头,阳性率0.58%,比2011年的阳性数下降了42.57%;检查了71 473只羊,其中羊血吸虫病阳性406只,阳性率0.57%,比2011年的阳性数下降了4.19%,并对142 976头其他家畜进行了检查,其中血吸虫病阳性为21头,阳性率0.01%。湖南省和江西省的病牛数占到了全国病牛数的80.06%。2012年,全国家畜血吸虫病疫情较之2011年继续下降,但是洞庭湖和鄱阳湖地区依然是今后家畜血吸虫病疫情控制的难点和重点。 相似文献
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本文通报了2011年中国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。湖南省、湖北省、江西省、安徽省、江苏省、四川省、云南省7个流行省共对784679头牛、41110只羊以及30005头（匹）其他家畜进行了检测,阳性率分别为O．88％、0．95％和0．09％。根据各省放牧家畜数和阳性率推算,全国共有病畜10894头（只、匹）,比2010年下降了27．28％,其中病牛为8433头,比2010年下降了33．71％。从病畜的地域分布看,湖南省、江西省两省病畜数占全国病畜数的62．06％,两省合计病牛数占全国病牛数的67．21％。调查结果显示,2011年家畜血吸虫病疫情与2010年相比继续下降。洞庭湖和鄱阳湖地区是今后家畜血吸虫病疫情控制的难点和重点。 相似文献
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基于饲养标准的家畜单位折算方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决载畜量核定工作中存在的家畜单位折算体系不健全、与畜牧业统计口径脱节等问题,根据肉牛单位、绵羊单位的定义和肉牛、肉羊、奶牛饲养标准中的代谢能或净能需求以及标准干草的代谢能或净能含量,研究确定肉牛单位、绵羊单位和不同生理阶段奶牛的标准干草需求及其家畜单位折算关系.结果表明:标准干草代谢能或净能含量分别为肉牛综合净能4.89 MJ/kg,奶牛产奶净能5.57 MJ/kg,绵羊代谢能8.68 MJ/kg;1个肉牛单位、绵羊单位的能量需求分别是肉牛单位72.10 MJ/d综合净能、绵羊单位18.46 MJ/d代谢能,其家畜单位折算关系是6.93∶1;不同生理阶段奶牛的平均产奶净能需求分别是断奶犊牛27.19 MJ/d、育成母牛52.07 MJ/d、初孕母牛70.11 MJ/d和中产泌乳母牛123.95 MJ/d,折合标准干草需要量分别为4.88 kg/d、9.35 kg/d、12.59 kg/d和22.25 kg/d,分别折合2.29、4.39、5.91和10.45个绵羊单位;生产上一般按照奶料比3.5∶1补充精饲料,则中产泌乳母牛对标准干草的平均需要量调整为15.06 kg/d;从天然草地的放牧压力和区域粗饲料的供需状况评价的角度,建议中产泌乳母牛与绵羊单位的折算系数由10.45调整为7.07. 相似文献
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2010年全国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通报了2010年中国家畜血吸虫病疫情状况。在湖南省、湖北省、江西省、安徽省、江苏省、四川省、云南省7个流行省,共对715 733头牛、39 524只羊以及20 822头（匹）其他家畜用粪便毛蚴孵化法进行了检测,血吸虫阳性率分别为1.11%、1.00%和0.03%。根据各省放牧家畜数和阳性率计算,全国共有14 980头（只、匹）家畜感染血吸虫,其中84.92%为病牛（12 721头）。从病牛的地域分布看,湖南省、湖北省、江西省、安徽省4省病牛数占全国病牛数的95.81%。调查结果显示病牛依然是血吸虫病疫区的主要传染源,湖沼型流行区是当前防控血吸虫病的重点地区。 相似文献
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The highest prevalences and intensities of human fasciolosis by Fasciola hepatica are found in the northern Bolivian Altiplano, where sheep and cattle are the main reservoir host species and pigs and donkeys the secondary ones. Morphometric comparisons of many linear measurements, areas and ratios of F. hepatica adults (from sheep, cattle and pigs) and eggs (from sheep, cattle, pigs and donkeys) in natural liver fluke populations of the Bolivian Altiplano, as well as of F. hepatica adults and eggs experimentally obtained in Wistar rats infected with Altiplanic sheep, cattle and pig isolates, were made using computer image analysis and an allometric model. Although morphometric values of adult flukes from natural populations of sheep, cattle, and pigs showed great overlap, there were clear differences in allometric growth. The allometries analyzed were: body area (BA) versus body length (BL), BA versus body width (BW), BA versus perimeter (Pe), BA versus distance between posterior end of body and ventral sucker (P-VS), BL versus BW, BL versus Pe, and BL versus P-VS. These allometries show a good fit in the seven pairs of variables in all the populations examined. Comparative statistical analysis of the allometries shows that fluke adult populations from sheep, cattle and pigs significantly differ in BL versus BW and BL versus P-VS functions. Statistical analysis of F. hepatica egg size shows characteristic morphometric traits in each definitive host species. In experimentally infected rats, fluke adult allometry and egg morphometry do not vary depending on the Altiplanic definitive host species isolate. Our study reveals that the definitive host species decisively influences the size of F. hepatica adults and eggs, and these influences do not persist in a rodent definitive host model. 相似文献
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Altogether 218 sheep sera from 40 flocks in different parts of Sweden were screened for antibodies to bovine coronavirus (BCV). Nineteen per cent of the sera were positive and there was a significantly higher frequency (p < 0.05) of at least one positive sample in flocks with more than 100 adult sheep than in smaller flocks. There was also a significantly higher frequency (p < 0.001) of positive samples from sheep older than 4 years than from younger ones. Only a weak relationship between BCV positivity (2 or more positive samples, p < 0.05) and cattle contact was demonstrated in this study. Possible transmission routes and other factors that could have affected the result are discussed. In light of our finding that all 5 sheep experimentally exposed to BCV through contact with infectious cow faeces seroconverted, we conclude that the antibodies found in Swedish sheep are probably the result of BCV infections directly or indirectly transmitted from cattle. 相似文献
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[目的]了解内蒙古部分地区放牧牛羊弓形虫病感染情况。[方法]采用间接血凝试验(IHA)对阿拉善盟及呼伦贝尔市随机采集的286份放牧牛羊血清样本进行弓形虫抗体检测。[结果]绵羊血清弓形虫抗体总阳性率为1.68%,其中,阿拉善盟阳性率为4.84%,呼伦贝尔市阳性率为0.56%;经统计学分析,两个地区的绵羊血清弓形虫抗体阳性率差异不显著(P>0.05);牛血清弓形虫抗体总阳性率为0。[结论]内蒙古主要牧区放牧绵羊存在弓形虫感染,应引起足够的重视,并制定相应的弓形虫病防治措施。 相似文献
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Allelic polymorphism in the ovine DQA1 gene 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Variation in the ovine DQA1 gene was investigated by amplification of exon 2 using PCR, followed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, cloning, and DNA sequencing. Fourteen novel SSCP patterns, representing 14 different sequences, were identified. Eight of these 14 sequences were identical to published DQA1 sequences from sheep, whereas the remaining six were novel but similar to the published DQA1 sequences from sheep and cattle. These six new sequences exhibited conserved region and variable region patterns similar to the published sheep DQA1 sequences, but were different than the published DQA2 sequences from sheep. All of these 14 putative sheep DQA1 sequences fulfilled the criteria used by the established bovine leukocyte antigens major histocompatibility complex nomenclature committee for assignment as new alleles. Comparison of the available DQA1 sequences from sheep and cattle revealed several clusters of ovine DQA1 sequences, and some sheep alleles were more similar to cattle alleles than other sheep alleles. The occurrence of trans-species polymorphism suggests the action of balancing selection at the DQA1 locus. Twenty-four percent of the nucleotide positions showed variation within exon 2, and this variation seems to have arisen largely by point mutation and gene conversion. The nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates were similar in both the putative antigen-binding site codons and the putative nonantigen-binding site codons. The extensive polymorphism reported in this article is consistent with polymorphism reported at the bovine DQA1 locus. 相似文献