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为掌握福建省南平市规模生猪养殖场非洲猪瘟（ASF）等重大疫病的防控及生物安全建设状况,分析规模猪场重大疫病防控关键风险点,2020年1月对全市267个规模生猪养殖场,从生猪生产、引种、生物安全管理、饲养管理、ASF自检等方面组织开展了本底调查。调查发现：南平市94.38%的猪场采取自繁自养模式,56.18%的猪场从未引种,仅18.80%的猪场从省外引种;存栏500头以上猪场占比为82.40%;93.26%的猪场实行分区管理,100%的猪场执行人员和车辆进出消毒措施;97.00%的猪场建有病死猪处理场所,87.27%建有出猪台,95.51%建有隔离场所;42.32%的猪场外购全价料,70.41%饮用深井水,86.52%严格控制场内工作人员出入;77.90%的猪场开展了ASF自检工作。调查表明,南平市猪场规模化程度和饲养管理水平较高,生物安全管理严格,在ASF等重大猪病防控方面优势明显,发生疫情的风险可控。但仍有部分规模猪场存在生物安全方面的漏洞,需严格落实生物安全管控制度。本调查为该地区的ASF风险评估与控制提供了参考。 相似文献
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随着科技的进步和发展，物联网技术在人类生产、生活中的应用愈加广泛。目前，我国养猪业处在转型升级的关键时期，生猪行业处在分散至集中的整合期，养殖场数量减少，养殖规模逐渐扩大，规模化、集约化水平显著提高，相较于传统养殖方式，物联网技术在猪场的应用能够减少劳动力成本、提高生产效率，在规模化养猪生产中具有十分重要的意义，近年来物联网技术在养猪生产过程中得到越来越广泛的应用。文章从猪只识别、环境控制、智能化饲喂、产品追溯以及生物安全防控等方面阐述物联网技术在我国规模化猪场中应用现状及发展趋势，以期为我国物联网猪场建设与使用提供一些帮助。 相似文献
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自2018年非洲猪瘟疫情在我国首次发生以来,我国生猪养殖产业遭受了巨大经济损失。自然变异弱毒株等的出现给非洲猪瘟早期诊断带来了全新挑战,生物安全将在较长一段时间内成为防控非洲猪瘟有效的技术手段,因此从猪场生物安全管理角度建立有效的风险评估方法对非洲猪瘟风险管理决策具有重大意义。本研究以天津市某规模化生猪养殖企业为模型,从建模系统确立、风险因素分析、风险指标变量确定、指标数据收集、风险评估专家组组建、风险估计体系建立和风险评估报告撰写等方面系统阐述了规模化猪场非洲猪瘟风险评估模型的构建过程,以期为规模化猪场防控非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫病提供参考。 相似文献
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自2018年我国发生非洲猪瘟疫情以来,生猪养殖业遭受了巨大经济损失。安徽省长丰县一家自繁自养生猪养殖场,从控制传染源、切断传播途径和保护易感动物3个方面,通过改建基础设施,控制饮水、生物媒介(蚊蝇虫鼠等)、粪污等,改进生物安全管理,加强对饲料生产与运输、场内外人员和车辆流动、出猪、消毒、病死动物无害化处理等管理,有效防控了非洲猪瘟,平均每月出栏生猪1 000头。长丰县动物疫病预防控制中心结合中国动物疫病预防控制中心印发的《中小养猪场户非洲猪瘟防控技术指南》以及安徽省农业农村厅印发的《安徽省规模化猪场和种猪场非洲猪瘟生物安全防控技术规范(试行)》,对该猪场生物安全措施进行了技术集成和推广。该县2020年12月生猪存栏量较去年同期增长近3倍,取得了一定成效。该规模猪场非洲猪瘟防疫实践为安徽省乃至全国其他地区生猪养殖场户防控非洲猪瘟,恢复生猪生产提供了参考。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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