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1.
进出境动物检疫是保护国门生物安全的重要举措,而规范、合格的检疫试剂是检疫任务顺利完成的前提。文中分析了近几年动物检疫常用检测试剂的对比研究文献,发现在动物检疫实际工作中,因检测靶标和方法不同,往往导致结果出现差异,同时检测试剂的诊断敏感性和特异性也会影响检测结果的准确性。在对相应问题分析的基础上,提出了建立标准化、规范化的质量评价体系,依据检测目的选择相应试剂,以及加强自主研发,提高检测水平等建议,以期为进出境动物检疫常用试剂的选用提供依据。 相似文献
2.
《关于海关联盟内采取兽医卫生检疫措施的规定》（海关联盟317号决议）是欧亚经济联盟关境内及联盟边境实施动物及动物产品检验检疫的主要法律依据。该决议中的一系列法规自2010年生效以来，历经多次修订。为更好地了解欧亚经济联盟进出境动物检疫制度，促进我国与联盟国家相关产品贸易开展，以海关联盟317号决议为依据，从进出境动物检疫对象、兽医检疫程序、联合检查和抽样、检疫要求、官方兽医检疫证书等方面，对欧亚经济联盟主要法律法规进行概述，并与我国进出境动植物检疫法进行比较，继而借鉴欧亚经济联盟先进做法，在区域化互认机制、统一检疫要求等方面，提出完善我国进出境动物检疫工作的建议。 相似文献
3.
正领域内动物、动物产品的检疫适用《动物防疫法》,而进出境动物、动物产品的检疫适用《进出境动植物检疫法》。领域内的动物、动物产品的检疫由动物卫生监督机构实施;进出境动物、动物产品的检疫由口岸动植物检疫机关实施,他们是互不相隶属的机构和机关。领域内动物、动物产品的检疫实施人员为官方兽医;进出境动物、动物产品的检疫实施人员为进出境动植物检疫机关检疫人员。随着非洲猪瘟的暴发和近年来高致病性禽流感、口蹄疫等重大动物疫病的暴发,动物、动物产品的检 相似文献
4.
为了解美国进出境动植物检疫工作开展情况，推进我国动物卫生管理工作，对美国进出境动植物检验检疫工作体系进行了梳理和总结。美国进出境动植物检验检疫部门涉及农业部、国土安全部、内政部、卫生与公众服务部、商务部等多个部门及其下属机构，各部门在有关法律、规章与合作备忘录的要求下，根据各自职责开展进出境动植物检疫工作。美国进出境动植物检验检疫工作体系具有进境检验“管办分离”、相关部门分工明确、协作机制运行顺畅等特点。建议借鉴美国的工作体系，结合我国工作实际从完善法制建设、加强部门协作等方面推进我国相关工作体系建设。 相似文献
5.
动物卫生监督机构在对进口动物产品检疫监管中存在适用法律错误、超越职权、主体错位等问题。笔者建议相关部门应当依照法律法规的规定,厘清各自检疫监管职能,明确进出境动物产品的检疫及后续监管职责是进出境动植物检疫机关的法定职责,《动物防疫法》及《动物检疫管理办法》不适用于进出境动物产品检疫。 相似文献
6.
畜牧业发展离不开动物检疫监督工作,只有动物卫生检疫监督工作扎实开展,才能确保畜牧业健康稳定发展,加强动物检疫监督工作势在必行。1检疫监督的网络体系建设近年来,在各级政府和业务部门的共同努力下,在国家相关政策的指导下,各地检疫监督网络体系不断加强和完善,基层逐步形成了县乡村三级检疫监督网络覆盖体系,首先,县级动物卫生检疫监督体系建设日臻完善,从检疫监督队伍建设、检疫设备配备、应急物资储备日趋科学合理化,检疫监督队伍文化程度、专业水平、执法能力不断提高;检疫监督设备,包括车辆、器材等配备精良;应急物资储备充足、品种齐全、质量优良,具备实战需要。各乡镇相应地配备了优秀的检疫监督队伍、配备了一流的检疫监督设备、储备了充足应急物资,特别值得提出的是各乡镇都先后建立健全了生猪屠宰点,在检疫监督上更加科学,更便于管理,取缔了个人私设的地下黑屠宰点,净化了生猪屠宰市场,保证了百姓食品安全。村级防疫员发挥着协助检疫监督的功能,他们充分利用多角度多视觉的有利条件,密切注视动物产地和产品检疫的动向,发现异常及时上报。县乡村动物卫生检疫监督部门还大力开展动物卫生检疫监督普法宣传活动,通过网络互动,科技宣传,发放宣传资料等形式,把检疫监督知识送到千家万户,以此普及和提高群众对检疫监督工作的认识和理解,使法制观念和自我保护意识不断得以加强和提高,这样县乡村形成了三级检疫监督全覆盖网络体系,确保了基层检疫监督工作扎实开展。 相似文献
7.
为深入了解中国与蒙古国进出境动物检疫制度，促进贸易开展，对双方进出境动物及动物产品检疫的主要法律——《中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法》及其实施条例和《蒙古国进出境动植物及动植物原材料、产品检疫法》进行比较，并分析各自特点。对比发现：中蒙两国动物检疫法在基本情况、立法目的、被检疫对象、境外检疫要求、检疫审批、进境检疫、出境检疫、过境检疫、旅客携带邮寄物检疫、运输工具检疫以及各方权利和义务等方面的规定基本一致。但蒙古国检疫法规定对进境、出境或过境的动物及动物产品须进行专门风险分析，而我国没有对风险分析相关内容在法律和行政法规层面进行规定；蒙古国对不同动物分类规定了不同的境外隔离检疫期限，而我国仅以双边签署的议定书形式进行规定，期限大多统一为30 d；蒙古国按旅客携带动物、动物产品，如果来自严重动物传染病的国家/地区，则禁止进境，而我国则禁止携带、邮寄几乎所有的动物及其产品，这种一律禁止的做法过于机械。由此建议，我国需在法律层面作出进出境动物检疫风险分析和可接受风险的规定，并提高管理能力，根据不同动物风险等级设定隔离检疫期限，调整携带、邮寄物的检疫措施，加快推进进出境动物检疫法修订工作。 相似文献
8.
我国进出境动物检疫法制化和标准化建设于大海（中国动植物检疫局，北京１０００２９）当前，我国已进入加快建立社会主义市场经济体制，促进国民经济持续、快速、健康发展的新时期。在新的形势和任务面前，我国进出境动物检疫必须面向世界，与世界接轨，运用科学方法决策... 相似文献
9.
随着经济全球化不断发展,我国动物和动物产品的进境贸易量迅猛增长,而由此引起动物疫病传播的风险越来越大。纵观世界各国,尤其欧美、加拿大和澳大利亚都非常重视动物及动物产品方面的法律法规体系建设,并形成了各具特色的检疫法规体系。论文对我国主要贸易国家和地区,包括欧盟、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和日本等国的动物产品检疫法规管理体系进行简要介绍,希望对建设有中国特色的进出境动物及动物产品检疫法律法规体系有所借鉴。 相似文献
10.
日本是个由北海道、本州、四国、九州四个主要岛屿组成的岛国，因其四面环水，无陆路与他国相通，是动物防疫工作的环境优越型国家；同时，日本又是个经济发达而又资源匮乏的国家，每年须从国外进口大量的农畜产品，这就对进出境动物检疫工作提出了严格要求。日本曾是无口蹄疫、牛瘟和非洲猪瘟等病毒性动物疾病的国家之一，但２０００年春季在日本发生了口蹄疫疫情，在日本朝野引起了极大的震动。 为了便于我国企业和检疫人员了解日本的进出境动物检疫概况，促进我国农畜产品的对日出口，兹将日本的进出境动物检疫情况做一综述。１动物检疫… 相似文献
11.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
15.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
16.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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