共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Qian D Shi Z Zhang S Cao Z Liu W Li L Xie Y Cambournac I Bonami JR 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(9):521-527
A disease of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant freshwater prawn, farmed in China was recently recorded in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces. The clinical sign of the disease, which develops in post-larvae (PL), is a whitish appearance of the muscles, particularly noticeable in the abdomen. Mortalities may reach 100% in some hatcheries. Investigations by transmission electron microscopy after negative staining of diseased PL homogenates showed the presence of two types of viral particles: one, unenveloped, icosahedral in shape, 26-27 nm in diameter, the second, much smaller, about 14-16 nm in diameter, designated extra small virus particle (XSV). The large virus has a genome with two pieces of ssRNA (RNA-1 and RNA-2), of 3 and 1.2 kb, respectively. Hybridization tests confirmed that this large virus is closely related to M. rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) which was isolated from diseased prawns in a hatchery in the French West Indies. Its very small size and hypothesized biochemical and biological characteristics suggest XSV is a new type of crustacean virus. As XSV has always been found associated with the larger virus (nodavirus) and is located in muscle and connective cells of diseased animals, it could be an autonomous virus, a helper-type virus or a satellite-like virus. 相似文献
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A sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (S-ELISA) for detection of MrNV in the giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (S-ELISA) was developed to improve diagnosis of white tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, caused by the nodavirus, MrNV. Polyclonal antibodies were produced by immunization of Balb/C mice using a purified suspension of the virus and IgG anti-MrNV were purified from ascitic fluid. A sandwich method was successfully developed, coating first with unlabelled antibody and detecting trapped antigens with a second biotinylated antibody. Reaction was demonstrated using an avidin-peroxidase conjugate. Tissue extracts from M. rosenbergii infected with MrNV or purified viral extracts (control) were successfully identified in an individual ELISA, thus confirming the validity of the method. This S-ELISA should be the technique of choice for epidemiological studies of this disease and is a rapid and inexpensive assay with high specificity and sensitivity. 相似文献
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Sri Widada J Durand S Cambournac I Qian D Shi Z Dejonghe E Richard V Bonami JR 《Journal of fish diseases》2003,26(10):583-590
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White tail disease of the farmed freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is the cause of mortalities in the French West Indies, China and India. Two different sized particles, both developing in the cytoplasm of target cells, are found associated with diseased animals. These two viruses were separated, purified and subsequently characterized. The larger one, called MrNV, is icosahedral in shape and 27 nm in diameter. Its genome is composed of two fragments of linear single-stranded RNA (ss-RNA), of 2.9 and 1.3 kb, respectively and its capsids exhibited a single polypeptide of 43 kDa. These characteristics and the partial sequence of a cloned fragment of RNA-1 suggest this agent is a member of the family Nodaviridae, but with differences from both the genera Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus. The smaller virus, named XSV, is icosahedral in shape, 15 nm in diameter, possesses a linear ss-RNA genome of about 0.9 kb, and its capsid exhibits two polypeptides of 16 and 17 kDa, respectively. The relationships between these two viruses remain unknown. 相似文献
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长期以来,国内进行罗氏沼虾人工繁殖一直以池塘饲养的成虾作亲本,由此造成该虾种质退化,养殖经济效益下降.为提高其种质和养殖经济效益,于1996年和1997年从马来西亚引进野生原种繁育虾苗,进行复壮技术的研究.研究结果表明,野生种子代和杂交种子代的体长、体重明显高出本地的驯养种.种群间具有标准差、变异系数、第二步足与体长的比值相对较小、额齿数相对较多的特点.通常野生原种体形细长、体色淡黄透明、摄食旺盛、抗病力强、性成熟个体较大.野生种子代和杂交种子代幼体活力强,摄食旺盛,变态期延长,但人工育苗的难度大.研究结果显示,采用繁育难度相对较低的雌(本地驯养种)×雄(野生种)配组方式繁育杂交苗,难度较小,效果好. 相似文献
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本文报导了7月底育成的0.7～0.9厘米罗氏沼虾苗,每平方米放养25尾左右,与鱼混养,经104天的饲养,达到了每公顷产罗氏沼虾1528公斤和鱼种2661公斤。平均每公顷经济效益达31315.5元,投入产出比为1:1.82。罗氏沼虾的成活率为67.9％。平均规格为9.1克/尾,雄虾最大个体重达24克,雌虾达15.8克。85％的虾体长在7～9.7厘米。文章还讨论了进一步提高规格和产量的可能性。 相似文献
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为建立罗氏沼虾育种项目,2006年利用罗氏沼虾3个群体,通过巢式交配设计,实现了大规模构建罗氏沼虾父系半同胞家系。实验中,每箱放置亲虾1雄5雌,按交配设计共布置100个交尾网箱;通过对培育条件及幼体数量的标准化,使每个家系在幼体培育的各个阶段的条件尽量保持一致,减少由于条件不一致造成的家系间的环境偏差。结果显示,500尾雌虾抱卵虾为271尾,亲虾抱卵率平均为54.2%,且每个网箱出现两尾以上抱卵虾的网箱数为92个,占全部网箱数的92%;通过标准化培育,最终建立了123个家系,其中含有父系半同胞家系37个。本试验结果为建立罗氏沼虾全同胞和半同胞家系提供了依据。 相似文献
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罗氏沼虾不同养殖条件下的生长和存活率相关分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨不同养殖条件下罗氏沼虾重要经济性状的相关性,以106个罗氏沼虾家系为材料,将每个家系随机分成两组,分别放入两个大小不同的池塘中,以不同的养殖密度养殖,两个月后测定每个家系的头胸甲长、腹长、体长、体重及存活率,并以家系为单位进行同一性状在两种不同养殖环境条件下的相关分析。结果表明,罗氏沼虾头胸甲长、腹长和体长在两种不同养殖环境条件下的对应性状间均呈不显著正相关(P>0.05),相关系数依次为r=0.109、r=0.15和r=0.143;体重呈显著正相关(r=0.223,P<0.05);存活率呈极显著正相关(r=0.862,P<0.01)。头胸甲长、腹长和体长的变异系数范围在10.85～18.09之间;两个土池中体重的变异系数分别为36.80和43.47,说明罗氏沼虾体重性状具有较大的遗传选择潜力。研究结果表明,罗氏沼虾在不同养殖条件下,以体重、存活率为选育指标,尽管选择趋势不变,但选种效果有差别。 相似文献
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Dmrt基因家族是一个与性别决定相关的基因家族。迄今，已在鱼类、爬行类、鸟类、哺乳类等高等动物中检测到了Dmrt基因的存在。为了进一步探讨该家族在系统进化中的保守性，本研究采用简并PCR技术，扩增了罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)Dmrt基因的DM结构域。经序列分析，获得了Dmrt基因家族的3个成员，其编码序列分别与人DMRT2、DMRT3、DMRT14基因DM结构域编码序列的相似性分别为93％、80％和95％，根据罗氏沼虾的拉丁名分别命名为MrDmrt2、MrDmrt3、MrDmrt4。与其他动物相关的Dmrt基因进行聚类分析，结果表明，不同进化地位动物的Dmrt基因DM域编码序列存在高度的同源性，显示Dmrt基因在系统进化上高度保守，序列上的相似性可能暗示着它们在功能上的保守性。 相似文献
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对罗氏沼虾（Ｍａｃｒｏｂｒａｃｈｉｕｍｒｏｓｅｎｂｅｒｇｉ）冷冻调理品的加工方法和保鲜技术进行了研究。试验结果表明,加工后的罗氏沼虾,其保藏性能增强,加添加剂后罗氏沼虾的鲜度下降明显减慢。 相似文献
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为准确评估罗氏沼虾的育种值,利用罗氏沼虾106个家系中2628尾个体的体重资料,分别考虑日龄、性别和雌虾出池时是否抱卵等因素,设计了4种单性状动物模型,应用BLUP法估计个体的体重育种值。4种模型所估计的体重遗传力差别较大,遗传力范围在0.02～0.13之间。分析表明,家系混养前日龄与家系出池体重测定值存在极显著的相关(r=0.434,P<0.01),说明家系混养前日龄对混养后家系个体的体重有显著影响,提示在动物模型设计时,应该考虑家系混养前日龄作协变量;在考虑性别效应、雌虾出池时的抱卵效应,并以家系混养前日龄为协变量,获得的育种值估计较其他模型更为准确。实验还对育种值选择与表型值选择的效率进行了比较。结果表明,依据育种值选择与依据表型值选择的结果存在着较大差异,两种选择方法选取的前53个家系育种值的平均值分别为0.70和0.58g,前者比后者提高20.7%,提示依据育种值的选择效率要高于表型值选择效率。 相似文献
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本文报导0.7厘米罗氏沼虾苗经3～21天的网箱暂养,体长达到1.0～2.5厘米,每公顷池塘放养11.35万尾左右,与鱼混养,经120天的饲养,达到了每公顷产罗氏沼虾1532.3公斤和鲢鱼1152.0公斤,平均每公顷经济效益达43059.0元,投入产出比为1:1.79,罗氏沼虾的饲料系数2.12,平均成活率75.3％,平均规格18.4克。 相似文献