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分析5250只26周龄的艾维茵48父母代种鸡的产蛋情况并与标准比较，了解产蛋期肉种鸡产蛋性能的变化规律及饲养管理情况。结果表明，随鸡群周龄的增大，累积死淘率逐渐上升，且在产蛋末期明显上升；鸡群产蛋率在26-30周龄低于标准，在产蛋末期产蛋率下降幅度增加；鸡群的合格蛋率相对较高；合格蛋受精率在26-34周龄上升缓慢且低于标准受精率，此后呈波动性缓慢下降，且始终低于标准受精率。在种鸡生产中，加强饲养管理可以提高种鸡产蛋性能。 相似文献
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1商品蛋鸡的阶段饲养蛋鸡产蛋期的阶段划分大体为:18～24周龄为产蛋前期,25～42周龄为产蛋中期,43～72周龄为产蛋后期。鸡群开始产第一个蛋的日龄叫见蛋日龄,开始见蛋不等于大群开产,产蛋率达到50%以上才代表全群开产,因此,把产蛋率达到50%的日龄叫做全群开产日龄,产蛋率达到最高的那段时间叫产蛋高峰期。 相似文献
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鸡的产蛋期一般从19周龄起计算到72周龄，也就是从育成期结束后到母鸡产蛋率降到50％左右淘汰母鸡，这段时间约一年。现代蛋鸡产蛋期的阶段划分，大体上19～24周龄为产蛋前期（预产期），25～50周龄为产蛋高峰期，51～72周龄为产蛋后期。鸡群开始产第一个蛋的日期叫见蛋日龄，开始见蛋。见蛋不等于大群开产，产蛋率达到50％时才能代表全群开产， 相似文献
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试验旨在探究蛋种鸡育成前期体重对其产蛋性能的影响，为该品系蛋种鸡的体重管理及选育分析提供科学数据和管理思路。本试验将10周龄京红1号蛋种鸡按体重分为4组，并记录和分析产蛋鸡的开产日龄及不同周龄下的体重、产蛋数以及蛋重指标。结果表明：10周龄不同体重对蛋种鸡的开产日龄、产蛋期体重、产蛋数、蛋重均产生一定的影响。体重越大开产日龄越小，A组开产日龄最大（P<0.05）,D组最小（P<0.05）,B组与C组的开产日龄处于A组与D组之间，且二者之间差异不显著；除56周龄各组间体重差异不显著外，28周龄和36周龄各组体重随10周龄体重增大而增大（P<0.05）；产蛋后期（48周龄和56周龄），B组和C组的产蛋数显著高于A组和D组；A组的36周龄蛋重显著小于B、C、D组，而B组和C组间差异不显著。本试验结果提示，10周龄体重处于平均体重的90%～110%范围内，京红1号蛋种鸡后期的综合产蛋性能更佳。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(20)
为研究开产前不同体重水平对"京粉1号"父母代蛋种鸡生产性能的影响,试验自标准化蛋鸡舍15 616只20周龄"京粉1号"父母代蛋种鸡中,选取大于平均体重110%和介于平均体重105%~110%、100%~105%、95%~100%、90%~95%之间,以及小于平均体重90%的鸡各96只,共576只,依次分为1、2、3、4、5、6组。对6组鸡群提供相同的饲养环境、饲料配方和饲养管理,比较各组鸡群的开产日龄和达产蛋高峰日龄以及20~56周龄死淘率、产蛋率、蛋重、不合格种蛋率、入舍鸡单产、入舍鸡合格单产、不合格种蛋等8项指标。结果显示:开产前体重越大,鸡群开产越早,达产蛋高峰的日龄越早,全程产蛋率越高;体重与鸡群的蛋重相关性高,对部分不合格蛋的比例也有影响,但对鸡群的死淘率无影响,因而对入舍鸡单产及入舍鸡合格单产水平无影响。试验表明:"京粉1号"父母代蛋种鸡产前体重是后备鸡的培育关键,在后备期的饲养管理中,需促进鸡群适度增重,从而提高鸡群产蛋全程的生产性能。 相似文献
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为了解罗斯308肉种鸡生产性能,及时掌握鸡群健康状况,本文对某种鸡场两批罗斯308肉种鸡在第2535周龄时的蛋重、鸡只周供种蛋数、累计鸡只供种蛋数和受精率进行数据统计分析。结果显示:此阶段中该祖代肉种鸡场的两批种鸡累计鸡只供种蛋数和产蛋蛋重基本上围绕标准值呈直线上升趋势;约34周龄时受精率和周供种蛋数开始缓慢下降。通过数据调查了解到此阶段的种鸡群总体生产性能较高,正处于能量消耗较大、免疫力较弱时期,提醒养殖人员应合理搭配日粮中的营养和能量比例,以满足鸡群的营养与产蛋需求,提高抗病力,达到最佳生产性能。 相似文献
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添加半胱胺对蛋种鸡产蛋中后期产蛋性能的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验选用43周龄的健康海兰鸡(父母代)2042羽,随机分为2组,对照组1200羽,试验组842羽,每组设四个重复。试验组添加400mg/kg半胱胺,每日按重复记录产蛋数、破蛋数,计算总产蛋率、种蛋产蛋率、畸型蛋率、破蛋率,试验期为28天。结果表明,试验组鸡群总产蛋率较对照组鸡群提高2.37%(p<0.01),种蛋产蛋率提高3.63%(p<0.01),畸形蛋率降低35.04%(p<0.01),破蛋率降低52.22%(p<0.01),可见半胱胺可明显提高产蛋率。 相似文献
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取产蛋周龄分别为33周龄和55周龄种蛋，根据产蛋周龄、蛋重、蛋形指数分组，在相同孵化条件下孵化，结果表明33周龄种蛋孵化效果比55周龄种蛋孵化效果好，33周龄种蛋蛋重、蛋形指数对种蛋孵化率影响比55周龄大，因此认为接近平均蛋重和标准蛋形最好。 相似文献
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将308只淮南麻黄鸡按照20周龄体重以100g为组距从小到大分为5组,分析各体重组与开产蛋重及产蛋前期产蛋率、蛋重和种蛋合格率之间的关系,以确定淮南麻黄鸡20周龄体重的适宜选择标准.结果表明,20周龄体重与开产蛋重呈正相关,在22～35周龄,第3和4组的产蛋率增幅最大,维持时间较长;第1、2、3和4组蛋重增加比较平稳,第5组平均蛋重比第1、2和3组分别高11.05％、9.72％和8.61％(P＜0.05);第3和4组的平均种蛋合格率较高,第3组的平均种蛋合格率比第1组高5.18％(P＜0.05).总体而言,第3和4组能够提供较多的合格种蛋数,淮南麻黄鸡的20周龄体重宜控制在1241～1 440 g之间. 相似文献
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1. In a closed White Leghorn flock over a 6-year period the average increase in egg weight from the start of lay to 37 weeks of age was 12.6 g. 2. The heritability of this egg weight increase was estimated at 0.36 +/- 0.06. 3. The genetic correlations of egg weight increase with other characteristics were: age at first egg -0.50, early egg weight -0.51, 37 week egg weight 0.42 and egg production to 273 d 0.44. 4. It is predicted that with unit selection intensity the direct response in egg weight increase will be -1.30 g, with correlated responses in age at first egg of 2.1 d, early egg weight 0.64 g, 37 week egg weight -0.51 g and egg production to 273 d -1.83 eggs. 相似文献
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The effect of two treatment programmes on egg shedding in dogs naturally infected with Toxocara canis, one based on a milbemycin oxime-praziquantel-lufenuron combination (SENTINEL) Spectrum; Group 1) and the other based on a febantel-pyrantel embonate-praziquantel combination (DRONTAL) Plus; Group 2), was compared in a study involving 104 suckling pups from three different kennels. The animals in Group 1 were treated at a minimum milbemycin oxime dose of 0.5 mg/kg bw starting at 2 weeks of age and subsequently every 4 weeks until reaching 26 weeks of age. The animals in Group 2 were treated every 2 weeks from week 2 until week 12 of age and then once at week 26 at a minimum febantel and pyrantel embonate dose of 15.0 and 14.4 mg/kg bw, respectively. Toxocara egg counts were determined fortnightly starting at 2 weeks of age and continuing until 26 weeks of age for every pup. Any adverse drug event was recorded during the trial. Both treatment programmes significantly reduced the zoonotic Toxocara egg shedding and were well tolerated by the pups. The pups in Group 1 showed lower average faecal egg counts and were found more frequently shedding no eggs than the pups in Group 2. 相似文献
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Three diets, containing nearly 12.5 MJ/kg (3.0 kcal ME/g) and 14.6, 11.3 and 9.1 % crude protein, were fed to 1680 light‐hybrids from 12 to 18 weeks of age. Body weight at 18 weeks was depressed by 5 and 9% and age at sexual maturity delayed by 2.4 d and 2.8 d for groups fed the intermediate and lowest protein diets respectively. Mortality during the experiment was slightly higher in the group receiving the higher protein diet. There were no consistent or significant treatment differences in mortality during the laying period. Both hen‐day rate of lay and egg weight decreased slightly and insignificantly but progressively with decreasing protein level of diets fed in the 12‐ to 18‐week period. Savings in food costs in the 12‐ to 18‐week period from feeding the cheaper lower‐protein diets were more than offset by the reductions in egg output and returns which resulted. 相似文献
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Ten-week-old Hy-Line Commercial W-36 pullets were spray-vaccinated with MYCOVAC-L at the manufacturer's recommended dosage (1x) or at 15 times that rate (15x). At 22 or 45 wk of age, subsets of 1x- and 15x-vaccinated pullets were challenged with the virulent Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) strain Rlow. Percent hen-day egg production was determined through week 55. Analyses for treatment effects on overall (22-56 wk) percent hen-day egg production revealed no significant differences between nonchallenged 1x and nonchallenged 15x MYCOVAC-L treatments. Among 1x MYCOVAC-L-vaccinated groups, Rlow challenge at 45 wk corresponded to significantly (P < or = 0.01) lower overall egg production compared with the unchallenged 1x-vaccinated control (70.88% vs. 79.15%, respectively). Conversely, at the 15x MYCOVAC-L dosage level, overall egg production was not significantly affected by virulent MG challenge at 45 wk compared with its unchallenged counterpart (84.09% vs. 81.03%, respectively) and could indicate increased protection from virulent MG challenge. Serologic monitoring indicated the virulent MG challenge was consistently (100%) associated with seroconversion. Comparisons among the nonchallenged experimental treatments indicated that vaccinations at the 15x MYCOVAC-L dosage rate were associated with a greater seroconversion rate at weeks 21, 27, and 44, but not at week 50. 相似文献
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D. SHARMA D.C. JOHARI M.C. KATARIA R.C. HAZARY D. CHOUDHARI S.C. MOHAPATRA 《British poultry science》1998,39(1):31-38
1. Data on 13,773 pullets, the progeny of 30 to 50 sires and about 135 to 220 dams per generation of a strain of White Leghorn under long term selection for part period egg production over 16 generations, were examined. 2. Realised genetic gain per generation was highly significant for egg production (2.55 eggs), egg weight (- 0.51 g), age at sexual maturity (- 2.30 d) and 40 week body weight (- 11.73 g). 3. The significant genetic response of 4.46 to 4.72 eggs per generation was realised in the first 8 generations only, which was accompanied by a marked decline in egg weight (- 1.67 and- 0.79 g per generation) and in age at sexual maturity (- 4.63 and- 6.39 d per generation). The 20 and 40 week body weights showed significant improvement in the last 4 generations. 4. Realised heritabilities were much lower in the last 8 than in the first 8 generation. 5. The additive genetic variance for most traits, except 20 week body weight and genetic covariances of egg production with egg weight and age at sexual maturity, declined significantly. 6. Natural selection did not seem to play any major role. No appreciable change in fitness traits was observed in the selected line. 7. The time trends were non-significant for all the traits in the control line, indicating its stability over generations. 相似文献
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试验旨在为北京油鸡品系选育、配套利用和科学养殖提供基础数据。选用北京油鸡纯系母雏534只,开展快慢羽群体的鉴定,并对比快慢羽母鸡羽毛发育、生长和繁殖性能的差异。北京油鸡保种群出雏时按照主翼羽与覆主翼羽的相对长度表型特征鉴别,将其分为快慢羽亚群,其中快羽包括K1（主翼羽长于覆主翼羽5 mm以上）和K2（主翼羽长于覆主翼羽2~5 mm）,慢羽包括M1（主翼羽与覆主翼羽等长或主翼羽长于覆主翼羽2 mm以内）、M2（主翼羽短于覆主翼羽）和M3（主翼羽未长出）。6周龄时通过PCR方法进行再次鉴定快慢羽。7 d内每隔1 d测量1次主翼羽与覆主翼羽羽长;7~42 d每隔1周测量1次;1~8周每周测定体重,9~18周每隔1周测定体重;产蛋期根据个体产蛋记录统计群体开产日龄、个体产蛋数以及连产相关性状等产蛋性能。结果表明,北京油鸡初生雏鸡快慢羽表型鉴定结果与通过PCR方法鉴定的结果一致,快羽鸡占总数的25%,慢羽鸡占75%,慢羽鸡又以M2为主,有少量M1和M3。21日龄以内快羽鸡的主翼羽羽长显著高于慢羽鸡（P<0.05）;28日龄时,M1和M2型慢羽鸡的主翼羽长度与快羽鸡差异不显著（P>0.05）,但是M3仍显著短于快羽鸡（P<0.05）。与慢羽鸡相比,快羽鸡70日龄后体重显著增加（P<0.05）,且开产日龄显著提前（P<0.05）,但是43周产蛋数较低（P<0.05）;快羽鸡除蛋形指数显著高于慢羽鸡外（P<0.05）,其他蛋品质指标均无显著差异。综上,快慢羽北京油鸡在生长和产蛋性能上有一定差异,在选育方向和生产管理中应有所差异化,包括加强慢羽品系早熟性即开产日龄的选育和调整快羽品系育成期饲料能蛋水平等。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究夏季高温环境下在饲粮中添加苜蓿多糖对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响。将540只156日龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机分成6组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000、2 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖的试验饲粮。试验期为6周。结果显示:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加不同水平苜蓿多糖对平均蛋重、平均日采食量、不合格蛋率和死淘率均无显著影响(P0.05),而添加500、1 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖显著提高了蛋鸡的产蛋率(P0.05),添加500、1 000、2 000和4 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖显著降低了料蛋比(P0.05)。2)饲粮中添加不同水平苜蓿多糖对蛋白高度和哈夫单位均无显著影响(P0.05);250 mg/kg苜蓿多糖添加组第4和6周末的蛋黄颜色显著提高(P0.05);500 mg/kg苜蓿多糖添加组第6周末的蛋形指数显著降低(P0.05),第1、4和6周末的蛋黄颜色显著提高(P0.05);1 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖添加组第4和6周末的蛋壳颜色显著加深(P0.05),第1、2和4周末的蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度显著提高(P0.05),第1和6周末的蛋形指数显著降低(P0.05),第1、2、4和6周末的蛋黄颜色显著提高(P0.05);2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖添加组第1和4周末的蛋壳厚度显著提高(P0.05),第6周末的蛋形指数显著降低(P0.05),第1、4和6周末的蛋黄颜色显著提高(P0.05);4 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖添加组第4周末的蛋壳颜色显著加深(P0.05)且蛋壳强度显著提高(P0.05),第1和4周末的蛋壳厚度显著提高(P0.05),第6周末的蛋形指数显著降低(P0.05),第1、4和6周末的蛋黄颜色显著提高(P0.05)。结果表明,夏季高温环境下,在饲粮中添加适量的苜蓿多糖可以有效缓解蛋鸡的热应激,提高蛋鸡的生产性能,改善蛋品质,且适宜添加量为1 000 mg/kg。 相似文献