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对水稻的经济性状和穗部性状与稻米品质性状进行相关分析,结果表明:出糙率与生育天数和株高有较大的负相关;垩白大小与生育天数呈正相关,与单株的生物产量和谷重呈负相关;粒宽与生育天数、株高和单株草重有较大的负相关,与单株谷重有较大的正相关;胶稠度与生育天数和株高有较大的正相关。糙米率与千粒重呈显著正相关;垩白率与每穗实粒数呈显著的负相关,与结实率、秕粒数、一次枝梗数呈显著的正相关;垩白大小与穗数、每穗实粒数、二次枝梗数呈显著正相关,与千粒重、结实率、每穗秕粒数呈显著的负相关性;垩白度与每穗实粒数、千粒重呈显著负相关,与每穗秕粒数、二次枝梗数、一次枝梗数呈显著的正相关;透明度与穗数、秕粒、结实率、实粒、千粒重都有较大的相关性。各穗部性状与直链淀粉含量和胶稠度的相关性不显著。回归分析表明,品质性状与水稻的其它性状间有着复杂的线性关系。 相似文献
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对水稻的经济性状和穗部性状与稻米品质性状进行相关分析，结果表明：出糙率与生育天数和株高有较大的负相关；垩白大小与生育天数呈正相关，与单株的生物产量和谷重呈负相关；粒宽与生育天数、株高和单株草重有较大的负相关，与单株谷重有较大的正相关；胶稠度与生育天数和株高有较大的正相关。糙米率与千粒重呈显著正相关；垩白率与每穗实粒数呈显著的负相关，与结实率、秕粒数、一次枝梗数呈显著的正相关；垩白大小与穗数、每穗实粒数、二次枝梗数呈显著正相关，与千粒重、结实率、每穗秕粒数呈显著的负相关性；垩白度与每穗实粒数、千粒重呈显著负相关，与每穗秕粒数、二次枝梗数、一次枝梗数呈显著的正相关；透明度与穗数、秕粒、结实率、实粒、千粒重都有较大的相关性。各穗部性状与直链淀粉含量和胶稠度的相关性不显著。回归分析表明，品质性状与水稻的其它性状间有着复杂的线性关系。 相似文献
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小麦关联RIL群体产量性状与品质性状的相关分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为给小麦高产优质育种提供参考依据,以潍麦8号/烟农19和潍麦8号/济麦20构建的分别含229和485个家系的两个关联重组自交系（RIL）群体为材料,在三个环境下对12个产量相关性状和品质性状进行了分析评价。结果表明,小麦单株产量与其构成因素、每穗小穗数、株高和加工品质正相关,与蛋白含量等营养品质负相关,与抽穗期和开花期无显著相关性。产量构成因素间呈显著负相关,穗粒数和千粒重与每穗小穗数和株高正相关,而单株穗数与每穗小穗数负相关。穗粒数与蛋白含量和湿面筋含量负相关,与吸水率和硬度正相关。单株穗数与品质性状负相关,但多数未达到显著水平。千粒重与蛋白含量负相关,与湿面筋含量显著正相关。说明增加产量与提高蛋质白含量等营养品质确实存在矛盾,但高产和优良的加工品质不矛盾,二者可以协调。在育种中,可以通过调节产量构成因素实现与营养品质的协调,如千粒重和湿面筋含量可以共同提高。此外,各性状间的相关性在两个群体中略有差异,在不同环境中变化很大甚至相反,说明性状间的相关性受到遗传背景和环境因素（如土壤、气候、前茬等）及其互作的影响较大。 相似文献
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生态环境对籼粳交后代株型特性和产量构成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以两个籼粳稻杂交F2群体（F2 A：晚轮422/沈农265;F2 B：泸恢99/沈农265）为试材,在四川和辽宁同年种植,研究生态环境对株型特性、产量构成及其相互关系的影响。结果表明,生态环境对株型特性和产量构成因素具有较为明显的影响。从四川到辽宁,株高和穗弯曲度显著提高,而穗长、剑叶长、剑叶宽及剑叶张角则表现出降低趋势。在辽宁,有效穗数、千粒重、结实率以及产量均显著高于四川,每穗粒数则显著低于四川。千粒重、结实率和产量表现为Cw（长剑叶、弯穗）> Cz（长剑叶、直穗） > Dw（短剑叶、弯穗） > Dz（短剑叶、直穗）,穗数和每穗粒数以Dz最低,Cz和Cw较高。剑叶长与产量构成因素间的相关性均未达到显著水平,而剑叶宽与每穗粒数均呈显著或极显著正相关,在辽宁,剑叶宽与结实率呈显著负相关。穗弯曲度只在四川分别与结实率及产量显著或极显著正相关,在辽宁则表现为与大多数产量构成因素相关不显著。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献