共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 626 毫秒
1.
大豆产量及主要农艺性状QTL的上位性互作和环境互作分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
梁慧珍 余永亮 杨红旗 张海洋 董薇 李彩云 杜华巩鹏涛 刘学义 方宣钧 河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心 河南郑州 东北油田盐碱植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室/东北林业大学盐碱地生物资源环境研究中心 黑龙江哈尔滨 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 山西汾阳 海南省热带农业资源开发利用研究所 海南三亚 《作物学报》2014,40(1):37-44
以栽培大豆晋豆23为母本,半野生大豆灰布支黑豆ZDD2315为父本杂交衍生的F2:15和F2:16的447个RIL家系为遗传群体,绘制SSR遗传图谱,采用混合线性模型方法,对2年大豆小区产量及主要农艺性状进行加性QTL、加性×加性上位互作及环境互作分析。结果检测到9个与小区产量、茎粗、有效分枝、主茎节数、株高、结荚高度相关的QTL,分别位于J_2、I、M连锁群上,其中小区产量、茎粗、株高、有效分枝和主茎节数QTL的加性效应为正值,说明增加这些性状的等位基因来源于母本晋豆23。同时,检测到7对影响小区产量、茎粗、株高和结荚高度的加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应的QTL,共发现14个与环境存在互作的QTL。上位效应和QE互作效应对大豆小区产量及主要农艺性状的遗传影响较大。大豆分子标记辅助育种中,既要考虑起主要作用的QTL,又要注重上位性QTL,才有利于性状的稳定表达和遗传。 相似文献
2.
甘蓝型油菜产量及其构成因素的QTL定位与分析 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
产量性状是复杂的数量性状, 对种子的单株产量及其构成因素(全株总有效角果数、每角粒数、千粒重)进行QTL定位和上位性分析,确定其在染色体上的位置及其遗传效应,可以探讨油菜杂种优势产生原因,提高育种中对产量性状优良基因型选择的效率,达到提高油菜产量的目的。在双低油菜细胞质雄性不育保持系1141B和双高恢复系垦C1构建的F2作图群体中,运用SRAP、AFLP和SSR三种标记技术构建了一个甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)的分子标记遗传连锁图谱。共包含244个标记,分布于20个主要连锁群、1个三联体上,图谱总长度为2 769.5 cM。采用Windows QTL Cartographer Version 2.0统计软件及复合区间作图法,对油菜单株产量及其3大构成因素进行QTL定位,共检测到QTLs 16个分布在9个连锁群上,其中第6和13连锁群最多,均有3个。单个QTL解释性状表型变异的0.38%～73.34%。对于同一性状,等位基因的增效作用既来自母本,亦源自父本;采用双向方差分析法对位点间互作及其上位性进行分析,检测到26对影响产量构成性状的上位性互作效应QTL,说明油菜基因组中存在大量控制产量的互作位点,油菜产量性状的上位性存在着多效性,上位性互作包括QTL与非QTL位点,其中以非QTL位点较多。一般互作位点的独立效应值较小,而互作的效应值显著增大,且一般超过两位点独立效应值之和。反映了控制产量性状基因的复杂性。上位性是甘蓝型油菜产量性状杂种优势的重要遗传基础。 相似文献
3.
大豆籽粒蛋白质含量是复杂数量性状,目前对中国夏播大豆籽粒蛋白质含量等品质性状遗传基础的了解相对较少。本研究对以江淮地区夏大豆蒙8108与骨干亲本南农1138-2杂交育成的NJMN重组自交系群体进行了5个环境田间试验获得表型数据,利用含2 062个SLAF标记的遗传图谱对大豆籽粒蛋白质含量进行加性、上位性QTL定位。结果发现NJMN群体籽粒蛋白质含量存在超亲分离,不同种植环境、家系与环境间互作均存在显著差异。在6号、7号、11号、17号染色体上定位到4个控制籽粒蛋白质含量的加性QTL,其中qProt-17-1未见前人报道,其与环境间存在显著互作效应。还发现3对加性×加性上位QTL,其总的效应值和表型贡献率均高于加性QTL,表明非加性效应在NJMN群体蛋白质含量遗传体系中起了重要作用。 相似文献
4.
大豆籽粒硬实加性和上位性QTL定位 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
硬实是植物种子的普遍特性, 是影响大豆种子发芽率、生存能力及储存期的重要数量性状, 同时影响着大豆的加工品质。本实验通过对大豆籽粒硬实性状的加性和上位性互作QTL (quantitative trait locus)分析, 明确控制大豆籽粒硬实的重要位点及效应, 旨在为进一步解析硬实性状复杂的遗传机制提供理论依据。以冀豆12和地方品种黑豆(ZDD03651)杂交构建的包含186个家系的F6:8和F6:9重组自交系群体为材料, 采用WinQTL Cartographer V. 2.5的复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping, CIM)定位不同年份的籽粒硬实性状相关的加性QTL, 同时采用IciMapping 4.1软件中的完备区间作图法(inclusive composite interval mapping, ICIM)检测籽粒硬实性状的加性及上位性QTL。共检测到3个籽粒硬实性状相关的加性QTL, 分别位于第2、第6和第14染色体, 遗传贡献率范围为5.54%~12.94%。同时检测到4对上位性互作QTL, 分别位于第2、第6、第9、第12和第14染色体, 可解释的表型变异率为2.53%~3.47%。同时检测到籽粒硬实性状加性及上位性互作QTL, 且上位性互作多发生在主效QTL间或主效QTL与非主效QTL间, 表明上位性互作效应在大豆籽粒硬实性状的遗传基础中具有重要的作用。 相似文献
5.
大豆蛋白质含量相关QTL间的上位效应和QE互作效应 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
利用Charleston×东农594重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱及混合线性模型方法对2002—2006连续5年的大豆蛋白质含量进行QTL定位,并作加性效应,加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。共检测到10个控制蛋白质含量的QTL,分别位于第B2、C2、D1a、E和N连锁群,其中1个表现为遗传正效应,9个表现为遗传负效应,另检测到15对影响蛋白质含量的加性×加性上位互作效应的QTL,解释该性状总变异的13.75%。环境互作检测中,发现9个QTL与环境存在互作,贡献率达到4.47%。 相似文献
6.
大豆油分含量相关的QTL间的上位效应和QE互作效应 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
利用Charleston × 东农594重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱, 及混合线性模型方法对2002年到2006年连续5年的大豆油分含量进行QTL定位, 并作加性效应, 加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。共检测到11个控制油分含量的QTL, 分别位于第A1、A2、B1、C2、D1a、D1b、F、H和O连锁群上, 其中2个表现为遗传正效应, 9个表现为遗传负效应, 另检测到15对影响油分含量的加性×加性上位互作效应的QTL, 解释该性状总变异的17.84%。发现9个QTL与环境存在互作, 贡献率达到5.76%。 相似文献
7.
水稻抽穗期上位效应和QE互作效应的分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
抽穗期是水稻的重要农艺性状,深入了解其遗传效应对水稻育种实践具有重要现实意义。本研究利用基于明恢86×佳辐占、广陆矮×佳辐占两个重组自交系构建的SSR遗传图谱,应用混合线性模型方法对2003年晚季和2005年早季获得的两季水稻抽穗期数据进行QTL定位,并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。两个群体共检测到10个控制抽穗期的QTL,分别位于1、2、3、6、7和10号染色体上,仅qHD10(广佳重组自交系中为qHD10-1)在两个群体中同时检测到,另检测到11对具有上位效应的互作位点,其中有5个是加性效应显著的QTL。环境互作检测中,发现明佳重组自交系的qHD10和广佳重组自交系的qHD7与环境存在显著互作,贡献率分别为0.34%和2.32%。本研究表明:两群体的抽穗期性状的遗传受环境因素影响较小,特别是明佳组合,较适合作为分子辅助育种的研究材料。 相似文献
8.
玉米生育期QTL定位及上位性互作效应的遗传研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了探讨玉米生育期的遗传规律,以自交系N6和BT-1为亲本组配了重组自交系(Recombinant inbred line,RIL)群体,利用207个微卫星标记构建分子标记遗传连锁图谱,对生育期相关的抽雄、吐丝和散粉3个性状进行QTL定位,并进行上位性效应分析。结果表明,在第1染色体umc1676-umc1590区域和第2染色体的umc1422-umc1776区域存在共同控制抽雄、吐丝和散粉3个性状的稳定的QTL位点。生育期3个性状QTL的上位性分析,都检测到3对加性×加性上位性互作效应,分别可以解释3.78%~5.43%,1.24%~2.36%和3.27%~4.04%的表型遗传变异。上位性效应是生育期性状的重要遗传基础。 相似文献
9.
以丰产性好、抗旱力强的栽培大豆晋豆23为母本,山西农家品种半野生大豆灰布支黑豆为父本杂交衍生的447个RIL作为供试群体。将亲本及447个家系分别于2011、2012和2013年采用随机试验种植,按照标准测量叶长、叶宽和叶柄长3个性状,并于2012年8月1日和8月8日和2013年8月2日和8月9日各测量1次叶绿素含量。采用QTLNETwork 2.0混合线性模型分析方法和主基因+多基因混合遗传分离分析法,对大豆叶片性状和叶绿素含量进行遗传分析和QTL间的上位性和环境互作效应研究。结果表明,叶长受2对加性-加性×加性上位性混合主基因控制,叶宽受3对等效主基因控制,叶柄长受4对加性-加性×加性上位性主基因控制,叶绿素含量受4对加性主基因控制;检测到10个与叶长、叶宽、叶柄长和叶绿素含量相关的QTL,分别位于A1、A2、C2、H_1、L和O染色体。其中2个叶长QTL分别位于C2和L染色体,是2对加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应QTL;3个叶宽加性与环境互作QTL分别位于A2、C2和O染色体;2个叶柄长QTL分别位于L和O染色体;3个叶绿素含量QTL分别位于A1、C2和H_1染色体。叶片性状和叶绿素含量的遗传机制较复杂,加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应是大豆叶片性状和叶绿素含量的重要遗传基础。建议大豆分子标记辅助育种中,一方面要考虑起主要作用的QTL,另一方面要注重上位性QTL的影响,这对于性状的遗传和稳定表达具有积极的意义。 相似文献
10.
陆地棉重组近交系产量及其构成因素的QTL分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用爱字棉1517×德州047重组近交系(recombinant inbred lines, RIL)中G6群体构建的SSR遗传连锁图谱及基于混合线性模型的复合区间作图法对QTL进行定位,并对主效QTL,加性×加性上位性QTL及与环境互作效应进行分析,为利用分子聚合方法提高产量提供理论依据。对2006年、2008年以及2009年的产量性状进行分离分析,检测到24个不同年份的主效QTL,其中相关于单株籽棉、单株皮棉、衣分、子指以及单株铃数的分别检测到1个不同年份稳定存在的主效QTL;对3年的产量性状作环境因子联合分析,检测到14个主效QTL,其中6个与环境互作,检测到20对加加上位性QTL,其中7对与环境互作。不同年份检测的稳定且受环境影响小或不受环境影响的与近处标记紧密连锁的主效QTL可用于分子标记辅助选择,以提高育种的效率。 相似文献
11.
QTL mapping of fiber quality in an elite hybrid
derived-RIL population of upland cotton 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
Baohua Wang Wangzhen Guo Xiefei Zhu Yaoting Wu Naitai Huang Tianzhen Zhang 《Euphytica》2006,152(3):367-378
Xiangzamian 2 (XZM2) was the most widely cultivated cotton hybrid planted as F1 hybrids and as selfed F2 seeds in China before the release of transgenic Bt hybrids. By crossing two parents of XZM2, Gossypium hirsutum cv. Zhongmiansuo12 (ZMS12) and G. hirsutum acc. 8891, and through subsequent selfings, we obtained F8 and F9 populations of 180 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). A RIL population was cultivated in two cotton-growing regions in China for 2 years. The purpose of the present research was to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fiber quality and provide information applicable to cotton breeding. A genetic map was constructed mainly using SSR markers. QTL controlling fiber quality traits were determined at the single-locus and two-locus levels, and genotype-by-environment interactions were analyzed. Among the main-effect QTL, a fiber length QTL qFL-D2-1 and a reflectance QTL qFR-D2-1 were simultaneously detected at two growing regions in 2 years, which suggested a high degree of stability in different environments, and might be of particular value for a marker-assisted selection (MAS) program. The results suggested that epistatic effects, as well as additive effects, of QTL play important roles in fiber quality in these RILs. In our research, the phenomenon of QTL clusters was detected in the cotton genome. 相似文献
12.
Renzhong Liu Nijiang Ai Xinxia Zhu Fengju Liu Wangzhen Guo Tianzhen Zhang 《Euphytica》2014,196(1):51-61
Plant height is an important plant architecture trait that determines the canopy structure, photosynthetic capacity and lodging resistance of upland cotton populations. To understand the genetic basis of plant height for marker-assisted breeding, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted based on the genetic map of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross “CRI12 × J8891” (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Three methods, including composite interval mapping, multiple interval mapping and multi-marker joint analysis, were used to detect QTL across multiple environments in the RILs and in the immortalized F2 population developed through intermating between RILs. A total of 19 QTL with genetic main effects and/or genetic × environment interaction effects were identified on 15 chromosomes or linkage groups, each explaining 5.8–14.3 % of the phenotypic variation. Five digenic epistatic QTL pairs, mainly involving additive × additive and/or dominance × dominance, were detected in different environments. Seven out of eight interacting loci were main-effect QTL, suggesting that these loci act as major genes as well as modifying genes in the expression of plant height. The results demonstrate that additive effects, dominance and epistasis are all important for the genetic constitution of plant height, with additive effects playing a more important role in reducing plant height. QTL showing stability across environments that were repeatedly detected by different methods can be used in marker-assisted breeding. 相似文献
13.
Wenxin Liu Willmar L. Leiser Jochen C. Reif Matthew R. Tucker Dominik Losert Sigrid Weissmann Volker Hahn Hans Peter Maurer Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(5):567-573
Grain yield and its component trait thousand kernel weight are important traits in triticale breeding programmes. Here, we used a large mapping population of 647 doubled haploid lines derived from four families to dissect the genetic architecture underlying grain yield and thousand kernel weight by multiple‐line cross QTL mapping. We identified 3 QTL for grain yield and 13 for thousand kernel weight which cross‐validated explained 5.2% and 48.2% of the genotypic variance, respectively. Both traits showed a positive phenotypic correlation, and we found two QTL overlapping between them. Full two‐dimensional epistasis scans revealed epistatic QTL for both traits, suggesting that epistatic interactions contribute to their genetic architecture. Based on QTL identified in our results, we conclude that the potential for marker‐assisted selection is limited for grain yield but more promising for thousand kernel weight. 相似文献
14.
José Manoel Colombari Filho Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende Orlando Peixoto de Morais Adriano Pereira de Castro Élcio Perpétuo Guimarães José Almeida Pereira Marley Marico Utumi Flávio Breseghello 《Euphytica》2013,190(1):117-129
A durum wheat recombinant inbred line population developed from PDW 233 × Bhalegaon 4 cross was analyzed in five environments to understand the genetic network responsible for test weight (TW), thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain yield (YLD), spike length (SL), spikelets per spike (SPS), kernels per spike (KER) and kernel weight per spike (KWS). Genotype, environment and their interactions were main sources of variance for all the traits. TW and TKW were influenced by 11 main effect QTL and 6 digenic epistatic interactions detected on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 4B and 7A. Grain yield was influenced by three epistatic interactions and five main effect QTL, of which two on chromosome 2A were most consistent. A major QTL for spike length was observed on chromosome 3B. QTL for spike characters were distributed over 9 chromosomes. All the traits showed significant influence of digenic epistasis (QQ) and, to a certain extent, QTL × environment interactions (QQE). Therefore, while breeding for complex traits like kernel characters and grain yield components, these interactions should also be considered important. The consistent QTL on chromosome 2A between the marker interval Xgwm71.2–Xubc835.4 with pleiotropic effect on TW and TKW, may be utilized in early generation selection to improve TW and TKW and thereby the milling potential of the durum wheat. 相似文献
15.
陆地棉产量相关性状的QTL定位 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
中棉所28和湘杂棉2号分别是以中棉所12×4133和中棉所12×8891配制而成的两个陆地棉强优势杂交种。以其F2为作图群体,筛选6000多对SSR引物,利用两群体间27个共有多态位点,通过JoinMap 3.0软件整合了一张包含245个多态位点、全长1847.81 cM的遗传图谱。利用Win QTLCart 2.5复合区间作图法分别对两群体8个产量相关性状在F2和F2:3中进行QTL定位,在中棉所28群体多环境平均值的联合分析中检测到16个QTL,三环境分离分析中检测到43个QTL;在湘杂棉2号群体分别检测到20个和66个QTL。在A3、D8、D9等染色体上有QTL成簇分布现象,同时在两个群体中发现一些不受环境影响且稳定遗传的QTL。对考察的8个性状在两个群体中发现12对共有QTL,控制果枝数、衣分和籽指的QTL增效基因位点均来源于共同亲本中棉所12。综合分析推测中棉所12的育种价值主要是通过提高后代的结铃性来实现的。研究结果为棉花产量性状的分子设计育种提供了有用的信息。 相似文献
16.
Tocopherols are natural antioxidants in vegetable oils and are important dietary nutrients. Enhanced tocopherol content has become an important objective in oilseed rape breeding. A segregating DH population was tested for 2 years at two locations in replicated field trials. Genotypic differences occurred for α‐, γ‐ and total tocopherol content as well as α/γ‐tocopherol ratio, but highly significant genotype x environment interactions resulted in low heritabilities. Using a mixed‐model composite interval mapping approach between one and five QTL with additive and/or additive x environment interaction effects could be mapped for α‐, γ‐ and total tocopherol content and α/β‐tocopherol ratio. In addition, one to six locus pairs with epistatic interaction effects were identified, indicating a strong contribution of epistasis to trait variation. In total, the additive and epistatic effects explained between 28% (α‐tocopherol content) and 73% (total tocopherol content) of the genotypic variance in the population, with individual QTL and locus pairs contributing between 7.5 and 29.2% of variance. Considering the low heritabilities of the tocopherol traits, the results of this study indicate that marker‐assisted selection may be an efficient strategy in a breeding program for enhanced tocopherol content in rapeseed. 相似文献
17.
烤烟几种化学成分的QTL初步分析 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
以含137个株系的烤烟DH群体(G-28×NC2326)及其亲本为材料, 在以前作图数据的基础上, 新增23个标记。将这些标记数据合并起来构建了包括11个ISSR标记和158个RAPD标记、由27个连锁群组成的烤烟分子标记遗传连锁图, 覆盖长度2 094.6 cM, 相邻标记间的平均图距为15.95 cM。利用4个环境下的试验数据进行了总糖、烟碱、氧化钾3种烟叶化学成分的QTL初步分析, 共检测到7个加性效应QTL和9对加加上位性效应QTL, 其中3个加性QTL和3对上位性QTL存在QTL与环境互作效应(QE)。表明在烤烟总糖、烟碱、氧化钾的遗传控制中除加性效应外, 上位性效应也具有重要作用。对于烟碱、氧化钾检测到加性QTL与环境互作效应, 对于总糖、氧化钾检测到上位性QTL与环境互作效应, 利用这些与环境具有互作效应的QTL进行标记辅助选择时宜考虑特定的环境条件。 相似文献
18.
Epistasis is a pervasive phenomenon in biology. Nevertheless, attempts at identifying epistatic interactions with quantitative
trait loci (QTL) analyses have yielded inconsistent results. In this study, we attempt to determine the genetic control of
outbreeding depression and the possible role of epistasis following a wide cross in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A recombinant inbred population, derived from a cross between Andean and Mesoamerican common bean cultivars, was evaluated
in two markedly contrasting environments. A low-density linkage map based on AFLPs was used to locate QTLs for the number
of days to maturity, average daily biomass and seed yield accumulation, and harvest index. Both independently acting and digenic
epistatic QTLs of similar magnitude were identified. A majority of the loci involved in these epistatic interactions did not
have an independent effect. Although we did find evidence for strong epistatic control of the traits investigated, we also
found, in contrast to other recent studies, that there was no evidence for a bias toward coadapted gene complexes at the level
of digenic epistasis. We discuss these results in relation to the role of epistasis in the evolutionary history of the species
and methodological difficulties in detecting epistasis.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献