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1.
D J King 《Avian diseases》1984,28(2):504-513
A total of 166 infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) hemagglutination (HA) antigen preparations were made during a 30-month period from allanto-amnionic fluid (AAF) from chicken embryos inoculated with 10 different IBV strains (Mass 41, Conn 46, H52, Florida 18288, Ark 99, JMK, T, Holte, EF, SE17). Antigens were prepared by inoculating 9- or 10-day-old embryos with 10(5.0) to 10(6.5) EID50 IBV, harvesting AAF after a 30-hour-postinoculation incubation, and phospholipase C (PLC) treatment of virus concentrated by pelleting from the AAF. Longer (48 hr) incubation times were tried, but production of H52 HA antigen was successful only from AAF harvested after 30 hours of incubation. AAF from JMK-infected embryos had lower infectivity titers and frequently yielded lower HA antigen titers than the other strains. The treatment of AAF with fluorocarbon did not enhance or diminish HA activity but did yield clearer antigens by removing extraneous material. Polyethylene glycol precipitation of virus was an acceptable alternative to pelleting virus at 39,000 X g. Inactivation of IBV with 0.1% betapropiolactone did not affect HA activity, whereas inactivation with 0.1% formalin caused a marked reduction in HA titer. Different buffer formulations including phosphate, tris, or HEPES were tried to optimize the conditions for PLC treatment of virus concentrate, but there were no apparent differences in the antigens prepared in the different buffers. The HA antigen preparations were stored and were stable at 4 C. Antigen titers of greater than or equal to 64 after storage for 20 months or longer were not uncommon. Addition of merthiolate as a preservative had no deleterious effect on HA activity. Antigen stability appeared to be enhanced by incorporating EDTA in buffer for virus pellet recovery and during enzyme treatment. Attempts to produce HA antigens from cell-culture-adapted virus propagated in chicken kidney cells were less satisfactory. An acceptable HA antigen was prepared from only two (Mass 41, SE17) of the seven strains that were tried. Virus propagation in chicken embryos is the better method of the two for IBV HA antigen production. Aside from the need to concentrate virus and treat the concentrate with PLC, there appeared to be considerable latitude in the procedures that can be used to make acceptable IBV HA antigens. 相似文献
2.
应用间接荧光抗体染色法监测鸡传染性支气管炎抗体的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对间接荧光抗体染色法监测鸡传性支气管炎抗体进行了研究。试验结果表明感染鸡性染性支气管炎病毒的鸡成纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ）不适宜做ＩＦＡ方法的抗原，而感染ＩＢＶ后３６－４８小量的鸡胚肾细胞制做ＩＦＡ抗原效果很好。应用１０％犊牛血清封闭并适当改进洗涤条件要非特异性荧光。本试验将所建立的ＩＦＡ方法与美国ＫＰＬ生产的ＩＢＶ－ＥＬＩＳＡ进行了比较。应用ＩＦＡ方法第七天查出血清抗体。通过对十二个鸡群进行流行病调 相似文献
3.
巢式PCR快速鉴定鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）经鸡胚增殖后,直接用尿囊液提取ＲＮＡ后反转录成ｃＤＮＡ,用ＩＢＶ基因３’端的ＵＴＲ１－／ＵＴＲ２＋和ＵＴＲ３－／ＵＴＲ４＋两对引物进行巢式ＰＣＲ,所检测的４个ＩＢＶ标准参考株和１６个ＩＢＶ野毒株均得到了预期的１７４ｂｐ大小的片段,而鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）,鸡传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）及正常鸡胚尿囊液经同样处理没有可见片段出现。本试验不需纯化册毒只需０５ｍｌ病毒尿囊液即可在２４小时内得到准确的试验结果。这表明与其它ＩＢＶ鉴定方法相比,该法具有快速、灵敏、特异的优点。 相似文献
4.
提高鸡传染性支气管炎病毒血凝抗原滴度途径及抗原灭活 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将７株传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）标准株（Ｍ４１、Ｈ１２０、Ｈｏｌｔｅ、Ｇｒａｙ、Ｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉｃｕｔ、Ｉｏｗａ６０９和Ｔ株）和６株分离株（ＮＩＢＶ、ＧＩＢＶ、Ｍ、ＳＨ、Ｊ和Ｈ株）分别接种于鸡胚，收获尿囊液，经浓缩后，用魏氏梭菌培养液处理，制备血凝抗原。其中，Ｈ１２０株血凝滴度最高，Ｔ、Ｍ、Ｊ和Ｈ株无血凝性。应用含有不同滴度ＩＢＶ母源抗体的鸡胚增殖病毒制备抗原，效价与用ＳＰＦ鸡胚增殖病毒制备的抗原效价一致。尿囊液经反复冻融后再制备抗原会使血凝价降低。抗原分别用甲醛、高碘酸钠、硼氢化钾和ＳＤＳ灭活，其中甲醛灭活效果最理想。抗原对氯仿敏感，对乙醚稳定。适宜浓度的Ｎａ＋、Ｍｇ２＋可显著提高抗原的血凝性 相似文献
5.
Two serological tests, the virus-neutralization (VN) test in tissue culture using a tissue-cell-adapted virus and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were compared to detect antibodies against Massachusetts 41 and Connecticut 46 strains of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV). The VN test was conducted in wells of microplates by the usual procedure. The two strains of IBV were adapted after 20 serial passages to induce CPE in 24 hours in chickens embryos kidney cells (CEKC). The ELISA test was carried out using partially virus following ultracentrifugation of each stain of IBV as antigen. The ELISA test detected higher geometric mean antibody titers (GMT) against both strains of IBV than did the VN test. One hundred four serum samples taken at 1, 3, 5, 9, 22, 24, and 26 weeks of age from a flock of chickens vaccinated with the Mass strain three times and the Conn strain of IBV two times during the growing period showed higher antibody titer responses to the Conn 46 than to the Mass 41 strain. Maternal antibodies in chicks one week of age were readily detected by the ELISA test, whereas low or insignificant titers were found by the VN test. Sera of vaccinated chickens collected following challenge with Mass 41 or Conn 46 strain of IBV showed that the ELISA was more sensitive and showed higher titers than did the VN test. Although the VN test showed no rise in GMT in the same sera tested with the heterologous virus, the ELISA showed a slight increase or cross-reaction. The serum samples from the unchallenged control group showed no change in GMT with either test or IBV strain. 相似文献
6.
鸡传染性支气管炎病毒血凝抑制试验抗原的研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为应用血凝抑制(HI)试验检验鸡传染性支气管炎疫苗免疫效力(血清、卵黄抗体水平),建立了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒HI试验抗原的制备方法。该方法是通过选取抗原谱最广的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)M41株,经SPF鸡胚增殖培养36h后无菌收取鸡胚尿囊液,4℃、12 000r/min离心10min,上清用聚乙二醇(PEG)20000浓缩100倍;兔源A型产气荚膜梭菌中国标准株(C57-1株)37℃增殖培养18h,4℃、12 000r/min离心10min取上清,经PEG 20000透析袋浓缩5倍后通过0.20μm滤膜过滤除菌,然后将IBV液和A型产气荚膜梭菌菌液(含α毒素)二者按一定比例混合后经37℃恒温振荡感作2h,4℃经48h后制成。经大量试验表明,制备的IBV HI试验抗原效价高、稳定性好,可替代进口抗原应用于鸡群IBV疫苗免疫后血清抗体及卵黄抗体的HI效价检测。 相似文献
7.
J Kataoka Y Inaba N Tetsu I Shibata K Yoshiki T Hirahara A Izumida 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(6):981-987
Pseudorabies virus hemagglutinin was readily adsorbed on mouse erythrocytes at 4, 22, or 37 degrees C, but not on cattle erythrocytes. The adsorbed hemagglutinin could not be eluted from the cells by resuspending in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), by incubating at 37 or 50 degrees C, or by incubating in the presence of neuraminidase. The receptor on mouse erythrocytes for the hemagglutinin was inactivated by trypsin, but not by neuraminidase, sodium deoxycholate (DOC), potassium periodate (KIO4), dithiothreitol (DTT), 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and formalin. The hemagglutinin was inactivated by trypsin, alpha-amylase, pepsin, DOC, KIO4, and ethylendiamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA), but not by papain, beta-glucosidase, phospholipase C, neuraminidase, DTT, 2-ME, Tween-80, ethylether, chloroform, trichloro-trifluoroethane, beta-propiolactone and formalin, suggesting that the hemagglutinin active component involved glycoproteins. The hemagglutinin was stable at 37 degrees C for lower temperatures but not at 60 degrees C or higher. The hemagglutinin activity was resistant to ultraviolet irradiation, while the infectivity was very susceptible. The hemagglutinin and the infectivity were readily sedimented by ultracentrifugation at 48,000 x g for 3 hr. In rate zonal centrifugation of the preparation on a sucrose density gradient, the hemagglutination (HA) activity showed a sharp peak at 1.22 g/ml coinciding with the peak of infectivity. The HA activity in the peak fraction seemed to be structually associated with virus particles. After fractionation of the virus by Nonidet P-40, the HA activity was found only in the fraction of the envelope material, indicating that the hemagglutinin is situated in the viral envelop. 相似文献
8.
国内外常用新城疫活疫苗的毒力和血凝滴度测定试验报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验通过对国内外常用新城疫弱毒疫苗最小致死量（MLD）测定、鸡胚平均致死时间（MDT）测定，对疫苗的毒力强弱和致病型进行分析。对疫苗的血凝试验（HA）滴度进行测定。根据疫苗的抗原含量推断免疫效力。测定新城疫不同毒株的弱毒疫苗单苗和与传染性支气管火H120等的二联苗或三联苗共14种，对其中9种疫苗进行了鸡胚最小致死量（MLD）测定和鸡胚平均致死时间（MDT）试验，对所有的疫苗都进行了HA试验。不管是进口疫苗还是国产疫苗其MDT有较大的差异，其毒力有强有弱，有的为中发型（中等毒力）疫苗，主要是温和型（低毒力）疫苗，最小致死量（MLD）范围为10^-8-10^-10/0.1ml。不同厂家生产的疫苗HA滴度有较大的区别。国产疫苗的质量与进口疫苗无明显的差异，有的比进口疫苗质量还好。对出口养禽企业选用低毒力、HA滴度高的疫苗具有较好的指导作用。 相似文献
9.
Comparison of two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and conventional methods for avian serology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sera tested for hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) activity against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and virus-neutralizing (VN) activity against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and viral arthritis (VA) virus were collected from a wide variety of accessions into the Diagnostic Services Laboratory, Poultry Disease Research Center, University of Georgia. The sera were then segregated according to HI or VN titer to NDV, IBV, IBDV, or VA virus and stored frozen at -20 C until tested by two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). There was good correlation of mean Flockchek ELISA titers or EIA Systems sample-to-positive (S/P) ratios with specific HI or VN titers. Flockchek ELISA profile group 3 and EIA Systems mean S/P ratio of 1.12 corresponded to what were considered in our lab to be minimum protective titers for each antigen against virulent challenge in our area. 相似文献
10.
鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)干扰新城疫病毒(NDV)增殖现象的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
ＩＢＶ毒株Ｈ１２０、Ｈ５２、ＭＡ５对ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ的干扰实验证明ＩＢＶ特异性干扰ＮＤＶ增殖。１）采取不同顺序的同胚接种法：ＩＢＶ接种之后再接种ＮＤＶ;或ＮＤＶ接种之后再接种ＩＢＶ,及ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ同时接种,ＩＢＶ均干扰ＮＤＶ的增殖。２）ＮＤＶ接种３６小时之内,干扰现象最为明显,Ｈ１２０,Ｈ５２的干扰能力稍强于ＭＡ５。３）ＮＤＶ血清中和实验结果显示,不同顺序同胚接种ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ时,ＮＤＶ－ＬａＳｏｔａ不影响ＩＢＶ的增殖能力。同胚增殖ＩＢＶ,ＮＤＶ的关键是控制ＮＤＶ、ＩＢＶ的接毒量及选择合适的收毒时间。 相似文献
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12.
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Arkansas-type DPI strain was passaged 10 times in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos incubated at 28 C and 37 C. Virus grown at 28 C acquired cold-adapted (CA) and temperature-sensitive (TS) characteristics based on more-rapid growth at 28 C and a reduced ability to grown at 41 C, respectively, compared with non-cold-adapted (non-CA) virus grown at 37 C. The pathogenicity and immunogenicity were determined for CA and non-CA IBV in 1-day-old SPF chickens following intratracheal inoculation. The percentage of CA IBV-vaccinated chicks exhibiting respiratory disease exceeded 30% on only 1 day postinoculation (PI) (day 5 PI), compared with 8 days (days 2-9 PI) for birds given non-CA IBV. Mortality was 0% for CA IBV-vaccinated chickens and 6% for non-CA virus-vaccinated chickens. Microscopically, both CA and non-CA IBV caused diffuse tracheal deciliation, although mucosal hyperplasia, necrosis, and heterophil infiltration were more severe with non-CA IBV. Virus was reisolated from kidneys of chickens given CA IBV, suggesting the loss of the TS property. The instability of the TS property was confirmed by growth of the reisolated virus at 41 C. Both CA and non-CA viruses induced complete protection against homologous challenge virus infection of the upper respiratory tract. 相似文献
13.
Ladman BS Pope CR Ziegler AF Swieczkowski T Callahan CJ Davison S Gelb J 《Avian diseases》2002,46(4):938-944
Protection provided by live and inactivated virus vaccination against challenge with the virulent nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) strain PA/Wolgemuth/98 was assessed. Vaccinations with combinations of live attenuated strains Massachusetts (Mass) + Connecticut (Conn) or Mass + Arkansas (Ark) were given by eyedrop to 2-wk-old specific-pathogen-free leghorn chickens. After live infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccination, some chickens at 6 wk of age received an injection of either an oil emulsion vaccine containing inactivated IBV strains Mass + Ark or an autogenous vaccine prepared from NIBV PA/Wolgemuth/98. Challenge with PA/Wolgemuth/98 was given via eyedrop at 10 wk of age. Serum IBV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody geometric mean titers (GMTs) after vaccination with the combinations of live attenuated strains were low, ranging from 184 to 1,354, prior to NIBV challenge at 10 wk of age. Both inactivated vaccines induced an anamnestic response of similar magnitudes with serum GMTs of 6,232-12,241. Assessment of protection following NIBV challenge was based on several criteria virus reisolation from trachea and kidney and renal microscopic pathology and IBV-specific antigen immunohistochemistry (IHC). Live attenuated virus vaccination alone with combinations of strains Mass + Conn or Mass + Ark did not protect the respiratory tract and kidney of chickens after PA/Wolgemuth/98 challenge. Chickens given a live combination vaccination of Mass + Conn and boosted with an inactivated Mass + Ark vaccine were also susceptible to NIBV challenge on the basis of virus isolation from trachea and kidney butshowed protection on the basis of renal microscopic pathology and IHC. Live IBV-primed chickens vaccinated with an autogenous inactivated PA/Wolgemuth/98 vaccine had the highest protection against homologous virulent NIBV challenge on the basis of virus isolation. 相似文献
14.
鸡传染性支气管炎H120、W93株活疫苗生产工艺的改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别以鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(In-fectiousbronchitisvirus,IBV)H120株、W93株不同病毒量接种10、12日龄SPF鸡胚,并改变后孵化温度生产抗原液,接种后不同时间收获胚液,根据鸡胚的早死率以及胚液的收获量、病毒滴度,选择最佳的生产工艺。结果表明,IBVH120株、W93株以102.7EID50/0.1mL的病毒量接种12日龄鸡胚尿囊腔,在34.5℃孵育35h,可较为显著地降低早死胚率,提高产毒量,且抗原液病毒滴度符合疫苗制备规程的要求。 相似文献
15.
The interference phenomenon of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) with growth of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in embryonating chicken eggs (ECE) was used as a diagnostic method. Fifteen field isolates obtained from presumptively infectious-bronchitis-affected chickens were analyzed by the IBV-NDV interference test. Eight isolates were capable of interfering with the growth of the La Sota strain of NDV, as measured by hemagglutination (HA) activity when IBV was inoculated 10 hr before NDV into ECE. The interference was considered specific for IBV, because it could be eliminated by adding homologous anti-IBV serum. The sensibility of this method could be demonstrated, because in some cases low-passage levels of IBV isolates showing HA interference ability were not capable of producing lesions in ECE. Furthermore, serologically negative IBV samples did not interfere with NDV growth. From these results, the IBV-NDV interference test appears to be a potential diagnostic alternative for identifying IBV field isolates. 相似文献
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17.
An improved hemagglutination test for study of canine parvovirus 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Optimal conditions for hemagglutination (HA) by canine parvovirus (CPV) strains were investigated using several buffers. Porcine erythrocytes often agglutinated spontaneously in phosphate-buffered salt solution, isotonic saline solution or barbitone-complement-fixation buffer. Results were reproducible when borate-buffered saline (BBS) was used as the diluent for antigen, and "virus adjusting diluent" (VAD), containing 0.15 M NaCl and 0.3 M phosphate was used as the diluent for erythrocytes. Highest HA titers were obtained at pH 6.0 using BBS and VAD. Specific HA with CPV was observed not only at 4 degrees C but at 37 degrees C, and erythrocytes from horse, shrew mouse, hamster, cat, sheep and dog, as well as pig and African green monkey were agglutinated by CPV using the improved method. 相似文献
18.
In vitro study of polymorphonuclear leukocyte damage to mammary tissues of lactating cows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Effects of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) on mammary tissue of lactating cows were studied in vitro. The PMN were isolated from mammary glands of nulliparous heifers given an injection of 5 micrograms of Escherichia coli endotoxin. Mammary tissue was obtained from noninfected quarters of 5 lactating Holstein cows and was cultured in supplemented medium 199. Mammary explants were treated by addition of intact or lysed PMN (10(5), 10(6), 10(7)/ml) or PMN (10(5), 10(7)/ml) which were allowed to phagocytose opsonized zymosan. Controls included cultures of mammary tissue alone, PMN alone, and mammary tissue plus zymosan. Cultures were incubated at 37 C for 3, 8, or 24 hours. Tissue from 1 randomly selected culture/treatment was weighed and processed for microscopy. Tissue from remaining cultures was incubated with [3H]amino acids or [14C]acetate to determine rates of protein and fatty acid synthesis. Media from all cultures were assayed for activity of the lysosomal enzyme, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. An increase (P less than 0.02) in the activity of this enzyme was detected in the medium of explant cultures treated with 10(7) phagocytosing PMN/ml at 3 and 8 hours and with 10(7) intact or lysed PMN/ml at 8 hours. Treatment did not inhibit (P greater than 0.05) rates of protein or fatty acid synthesis. Microscopic examination indicated that epithelial cell damage resulted from treatment with 10(6) and 10(7) intact, lysed, or phagocytosing PMN/ml. Greatest morphologic damage resulted from treatment with phagocytosing PMN. 相似文献
19.
Mizoguchi T Itou K Sakurai M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(1):95-97
The hemagglutinating activity and serological properties of three strains of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, Chinese, Korean and Shizuoka, which was first isolated in Japan, were examined by hemagglutination (HA) and cross hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test with human erythrocytes. Similar results were observed between the Chinese and Korean strains, both of which gave positive HA at 4 degrees C with O, A, B and AB, and at 22 degrees C with B and AB blood groups. In the Shizuoka strain, positive HA was observed at 4 degrees C with O, A, B and AB, at 22 degrees C with A, B And AB, and at 37 degrees C with B blood group. In experimentally infected rabbits, HI antibody in these animals showed a titer of 16,384 or 32,768 at 4 weeks after inoculation. No serological difference was observed in three strains by cross HI test. 相似文献
20.
A model system was used to study infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) interaction. The system involved exposure of chickens to IBV, followed by exposure to MS 2-5 days later. The chickens were subjected to a cold environment (10 +/- 2 C) for 3 weeks starting one day before MS exposure. Under these conditions, differences in the capacity of various strains of IBV to exacerbate MS airsacculitis was demonstrated. Exposure to IBV field isolates generally resulted in more air-sac lesions than did higher-egg-passaged laboratory strains and vaccine strains. Use of lower-egg-passaged vaccines resulted in a higher incidence of airsacculitis than did higher-egg-passaged vaccines. When chickens were IBV-vaccinated before being used in the model system, the incidence of airsacculitis was lowered, even though the chickens became infected by the challenge virus. Vaccination of MS-free chickens with IBV had no effect on airsacculitis incidence when MS exposure occurred after the vaccine reaction was past. 相似文献