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为探明不同紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.)品种嫩梢矿质元素含量的差异,分析其菜用营养价值,本研究测定了10个不同紫云英品种的分枝期地上部嫩梢的8种矿质元素含量,同时,结合主成分分析法与系统聚类法筛选了适宜菜用的品种。结果表明紫云英嫩梢中矿质元素含量由高到低为钙(Ca)>磷(P)>镁(Mg)>铁(Fe)>锰(Mn)>锌(Zn)>铜(Cu)>硒(Se);矿质元素含量综合得分排名前3的品种分别为‘湘紫1号’、‘闽紫7号’和‘弋江籽’;将10个紫云英品种聚为四类(A,B,C,D),其中A,B,C类分别以高Ca, Fe及Cu含量为特征,D类为‘湘紫1号’,其矿质元素含量均较高,综合评价最高。因此,紫云英种质间嫩梢矿质元素含量均有不同程度的差异,‘湘紫1号’嫩梢矿质元素含量高,作为菜用综合品质高。 相似文献
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试验旨在评价细胞因子IL-6和IL-17 mRNA转录水平与牛分枝杆菌感染之间的关系,及其在牛结核病诊断中的应用潜力。通过皮内变态反应试验和IFN-γ释放试验临床筛选结核病阳性牛和结核病阴性牛,采集试验动物抗凝全血,分离、收集外周血淋巴细胞,分别用牛结核菌素（PPD-B）、禽结核菌素（PPD-A）、重组蛋白CFP-10-ESAT-6（CE）、pET-32a载体标签蛋白（PET）或PBS 37℃培养6 h,用实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞因子IL-6、IL-17和IFN-γ的mRNA相对转录水平。结果显示,PET和空白对照PBS类似,不能刺激细胞因子mRNA转录水平的提高,表明CE中包含的PET对试验的影响可忽略不计;牛外周血淋巴细胞经PPD-B、PPD-A或CE刺激后,结核病阳性牛样品中IL-17和IFN-γ的mRNA转录水平均显著高于结核病阴性牛（P<0.05）,其中PPD-B刺激效果强于CE和PPD-A,而CE刺激的特异性更好;选取CE作为最佳刺激源,结果显示,IL-17和IFN-γ的mRNA转录水平之间相关性良好（spearman r=0.79）,并初步建立了基于IL-17和IFN-γ转录水平的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法;以此方法对14头结核病阳性牛进行临床检验,IL-17实时荧光定量PCR法的阳性样本检出率为85.7%,高于IFN-γ（71.4%）。本研究结果初步表明,牛分枝杆菌特异性抗原（PPD-B、CE）诱导的IL-17 mRNA转录水平与牛结核病相关,以CE为刺激源建立的IL-17实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有用于牛结核病诊断的潜力。 相似文献
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根寄生植物是禾草生长过程中的一种生物逆境,禾草内生真菌能增强其对生物或非生物逆境的耐受能力;然而,有关禾草内生真菌对不同密度根寄生逆境下禾草生长、内源激素水平和生物碱含量变化的研究鲜有报道。基于此,通过开展温室盆栽试验,以建立根寄生关系的带菌(E+)和未带菌(E-)紫花针茅及根寄生植物-甘肃马先蒿为研究对象,比较E+和E-紫花针茅在不同甘肃马先蒿寄生强度下生长、内源激素和生物碱含量变化。结果表明,与未寄生紫花针茅相比,随着甘肃马先蒿密度增加,紫花针茅生物量降低80%,株高、分蘖数和根长均降低25%,吲哚乙酸、脱落酸含量分别增加43%和51%,细胞分裂素含量降低50%。内生真菌侵染显著提高紫花针茅生长特性,增加内源激素和生物碱含量;带菌紫花针茅在根寄生逆境下生物碱含量持续增加,同时甘肃马先蒿利用根部木质部通道可获取寄主内生真菌合成的生物碱。由此可见,内生真菌通过调控紫花针茅体内有关生长和逆境预警相关内源激素水平及改变生物碱含量的方式增强紫花针茅对甘肃马先蒿根寄生逆境的耐受能力,为利用禾草内生真菌共生体修复甘肃马先蒿型退化草地提供新视角。 相似文献
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为筛选及评价用于牛结核病诊断的抗原,本试验将CFP-10、ESAT-6、TB10.4、TB27.4、MPT51、MPT63、MPT64、MPB70、MPB83、Rv3872和Ag85B共11种牛分枝杆菌抗原分别作为包被抗原建立间接ELISA方法,比较其对牛结核病的检出率;同时利用豚鼠和牛的皮试试验评价重组蛋白作为皮试试验刺激原的潜力。此外,将重组蛋白分别刺激结核病阳性牛和阴性牛的抗凝血24 h,检测血浆中的IFN-γ水平,评价各重组蛋白作为IFN-γ释放试验刺激原的潜力。结果显示,不同重组蛋白对结核病阳性血清的反应活性不一,MPB70总检出率最高,为59.7%;其次是Ag85B、ESAT-6和MPB83,检出率均在45%以上;MPT51的检出率最低,仅为2.2%。豚鼠和牛皮试试验均显示,单个重组蛋白作为刺激原难以产生令人满意的迟发型过敏反应（delayed type hypersensitivity,DTH）,而TB10.4、TB27.4、MPT64、MPT63或Rv3872作为补充抗原,分别与CFP-10或ESAT-6混合,均可特异性地刺激结核病阳性牛产生较强的DTH反应,且与PPD-B无显著差异（P>0.05）。重组蛋白CFP-10、ESAT-6、TB10.4和MPT51均能刺激结核病牛全血释放一定的IFN-γ,其中CFP-10、CFP-10-ESAT-6串联蛋白和MPT51刺激结核病阳性牛全血释放的IFN-γ显著高于阴性牛（P<0.05）。因此,这11种牛分枝杆菌抗原并不适合单独用于牛结核病的血清学诊断、皮试试验或IFN-γ释放试验,但以CFP-10和ESAT-6为核心,TB10.4、TB27.4、MPT64、MPT63、Rv3872或MPT51作为其补充抗原,均能提高检测敏感性,有作为皮试试验和IFN-γ释放试验特异性刺激原用于牛结核病诊断的潜力。 相似文献
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为了提高氟苯尼考在水中的溶解度,探讨氟苯尼考包合物批量生产工艺,采用胶体磨和喷雾干燥技术制备氟苯尼考-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物,并用正交试验法优化工艺参数,以包合率和得率为判断指标,得到包合物的最佳条件为氟苯尼考与羟丙基-β-环糊精摩尔投料比是1∶1,包合时间为1 h,氟苯尼考在整个溶液体系中的药物浓度为6 mg/mL。所得包合物经红外光谱法、差示扫描量热分析法进行分析鉴定,表明氟苯尼考与羟丙基-β-环糊精形成了包合物,其包合率可达到83.74%,得率达98.48%,氟苯尼考溶解度由原来的1.25 mg/mL提高到了40.76 mg/mL。表明该工艺能够用于氟苯尼考-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合物的批量制备。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究威宁牛、思南牛、关岭牛和黎平牛不同组织中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors γ,PPARγ）基因mRNA的表达差异。以这4个贵州地方品种黄牛为试验动物,提取心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、脂肪和背最长肌组织的总RNA,设计PPARγ基因的实时荧光定量引物,以牛GAPDH基因为内参,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测PPARγ基因在4个品种不同组织中mRNA的相对表达量。结果显示,PPARγ基因在4个品种黄牛的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、脂肪和背最长肌组织中均有表达,但在脂肪组织中的表达量高于其他组织,且差异极显著（P<0.01）,在脾脏和肺脏中也有较高表达,而在肾脏、肝脏、心脏和背最长肌中表达量较低;不同品种PPARγ基因的表达在部分组织中存在差异。研究表明,PPARγ基因在不同组织中的表达量存在差异,可能与其在不同组织中的功能有关,而品种对于PPARγ基因的表达影响不大。 相似文献
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Hayes M Ashe S Collins D Power S Kenny K Sheahan M O'Hagan G More S 《Irish veterinary journal》2009,62(3):182-190
Since 1998, there has been a steady decline in herd restrictions and de-populations in Ireland due to bovine brucellosis. There is concern that the interpretation of laboratory results may become increasingly problematic, as brucellosis prevalence falls in Ireland. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the infection status of Irish herds and animals with inconclusive serological evidence of bovine brucellosis. During 12 months from September 1, 2004, laboratory and observational epidemiological data were collected from all Irish herds where animal testing identified at least one animal with a complement fixation test (CFT) reading greater than zero and/or a positive result to the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Due to the observational nature of the study, we have robust estimates of the relative, but not the absolute, performance of the CFT, iELISA and brucellin skin test (BST). Herds were divided into three categories (Group A, B or C) on the basis of test results at initial assessment. A total of 639 herds were enrolled into the study, and observed for at least two years following enrolment. A rising CFT titre, with a CFT reading of 111 International CFT Units (IU) or greater at the subsequent blood test, was generally associated with herds where other evidence of infection was also available. Knowledge of the CFT reading at the initial and a subsequent blood test proved useful in distinguishing false-positive and true-positive brucellosis results. There was poor correlation between the CFT and iELISA results, and between the CFT and BST results. As a result of this study, national policy has been modified to include re-sampling of all animals with CFT readings of 20 IU or greater. This project has also led to a reduction in the number of herds restricted, as well as restriction duration. It has also contributed to a reduction in the number of herds listed for contiguous tests, and therefore the potential for contiguity testing of false positive results. 相似文献
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试验旨在从驯鹿鹿茸顶端组织中克隆干扰素β1（interferon beta 1,IFNβ1）基因全长序列,分析其分子特性,为研究其生物学活性及实际应用奠定基础。根据GenBank数据库中牛、羊等近缘物种IFNβ1基因的保守序列设计1对引物,以驯鹿鹿茸顶端间充质层组织基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR技术扩增得到驯鹿IFNβ1基因并克隆、测序,利用相关生物信息学软件对该序列进行分析。结果发现,驯鹿IFNβ1基因全长561 bp,共编码186个氨基酸,含有3个糖基化位点;其编码蛋白含有4个α螺旋、4个β折叠区、7个β转角。将驯鹿IFNβ1基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他14种哺乳动物进行遗传进化分析发现,其同源性为45.1%~92.0%;驯鹿与其他动物IFNβ1基因序列分析和系统进化树分析表明,IFNβ1基因存在种属差异性,亲缘关系越近,同源性越高。本研究结果为驯鹿IFNβ1基因的进一步研究和应用提供了基础试验数据。 相似文献
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试验旨在构建猪β2肾上腺素能受体（β2 adrenergic receptor,β2AR）基因及其突变体真核表达载体,并鉴定其在HEK293T细胞中的表达。通过猪基因组DNA克隆猪β2AR基因,利用同源重组技术将其连接至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（+）,构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（+）-β2AR,加入c-myc标签后命名为myc-pcDNA3.1（+）-β2AR。以真核表达载体为模板构建突变体myc-pcDNA3.1（+）-β2AR-D130N、myc-pcDNA3.1（+）-β2AR-C285S和myc-pcDNA3.1（+）-β2AR-D130N/C285S,并将构建的真核表达载体和突变体转染HEK293T细胞,利用Western blotting技术验证其表达。结果显示,猪β2AR基因已正确重组入pcDNA3.1（+）载体中;经测序鉴定,猪β2AR的第130位天冬氨酸成功突变为天冬酰胺,第285位半胱氨酸成功突变为丝氨酸。Western blotting检测结果证明所构建的表达载体均可在HEK293T细胞中表达。本研究成功构建了猪β2AR野生型的真核表达载体及2个单点突变和1个双点突变的突变体,并验证其在HEK293T细胞中正常表达,为进一步研究猪β2AR蛋白表达及其药理学活性奠定基础。 相似文献
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Three Thoroughbred horses with unilateral progressive ethmoid haematomas were treated using intralesional injections of 10% formalin (4% formaldehyde solution). Injections were performed in the standing sedated horse through the nasal passages under endoscopic guidance and, when the ethmoid haematoma involved the paranasal sinuses, through holes trephined into the affected sinus. Regression of the lesions occurred in all cases after repeated injections. This technique appears to be a safe and effective treatment for progressive ethmoid haematomas in the horse. 相似文献
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蒲公英提取物对LPS诱导小鼠乳腺炎的减轻效应及其机制分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
旨在研究蒲公英提取物对内毒素（LPS）诱导小鼠乳腺炎的减轻效应及其机制分析。将小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、阳性组和蒲公英提取物高、中、低剂量组。蒲公英提取物高、中、低剂量组分别按10.0、5.0、2.5 g·kg-1灌胃给药,连续灌胃6 d,2次·d-1,空白组灌胃等体积生理盐水。末次给药1 h后,于小鼠乳房基部分别灌注50 μL 0.2 mg·mL-1 LPS,建立LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺炎模型,阳性组在建模后6和12 h腹腔注射5 mg·kg-1地塞米松。24 h后取血,分离血清,剥离乳腺组织。ELISA法测定小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的含量,髓过氧化物酶（MPO）试剂盒测定小鼠血清MPO的含量,HE染色观察病理变化,Western blot法测定小鼠乳腺中TLR4蛋白以及NF-κB信号通路和MAPKs信号通路相关蛋白的表达。结果显示,蒲公英提取物高、中剂量组对LPS诱导的乳腺炎小鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的分泌有极显著抑制作用（P<0.01）,极显著降低小鼠血清中MPO的含量（P<0.01）;蒲公英提取物高、中剂量组能改善LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺组织的病理变化,极显著下调LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺中TLR4、p-IκB、p-p65、p-p38、p-JNK、p-ERK蛋白的表达（P<0.01）。结果表明,蒲公英提取物通过调控NF-κB和MAPKs信号通路对LPS诱导的小鼠乳腺炎有明显减轻作用,为蒲公英的临床开发及应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A hypersensitive inflammatory response, associated with the ingestion of trichostrongylid larvae, is a major cause of diarrhoea and soiling of the breech with faeces in adult Merino sheep ('hypersensitivity scours'). This response is characterised by an infiltration of eosinophils and altered lymphocyte populations in the gut of affected sheep. The objective of this study was to investigate the numbers of Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus vitrinus infective larvae that were needed to induce diarrhoea in adult Merino sheep grazing improved pastures. METHOD: Sheep from three farms were categorised as either being susceptible, or not susceptible, to hypersensitivity scours, then transported to an experimental farm and grazed on pastures with low numbers of trichostrongylid infective larvae. They were ranked by farm of origin and previous worm egg count, then systematically allocated to one of five dose-rate groups and infected with 0, 2, 4, 10 or 20 x 10(3) trichostrongylid infective larvae per week for 13 weeks. RESULTS: In sheep selected as being susceptible to hypersensitivity scours, the lowest dose rate of infective larvae (2000 per week) was as effective in inducing diarrhoea as the highest dose rate (20,000 per week). In contrast, even the highest larval dose did not induce diarrhoea in sheep selected as not susceptible to hypersensitivity scours. Sheep selected with an increased susceptibility to hypersensitivity scours also had a significantly higher amount of moisture in their faeces at all times except during summer. CONCLUSIONS: The apparent lack of a threshold dose of trichostrongylid infective larvae needed to induce hypersensitivity scours suggests that even improved worm control programs, which substantially decrease the ingestion of larvae, may not be able to reduce the prevalence of hypersensitivity scours or the severity of breech soiling. Controlled-release anthelmintic capsules will control breech soiling but are often not a cost-effective strategy. Thus, genetic selection of less susceptible sheep is probably the best long-term option for the control of hypersensitivity scours, and the assessment of faecal moisture may be a convenient marker of susceptibility to this syndrome. 相似文献
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干扰素（IFN）-α因其具有很强的抗病毒活性而备受关注。本研究根据GenBank上公布的鸡IFN-α核酸序列设计1对引物,用PCR方法扩增出鸡IFN-α基因,并将其克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a及pET-30a-DsbA上,得到重组质粒pET-32a-IFN-α及pET-30a-DsbA-IFN-α。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌Transetta（DE3）感受态细胞,经SDS-PAGE电泳及Western blotting分析,结果表明pET-30a-DsbA-IFN-α表达量较高,表达的融合蛋白分子质量约40.4 ku,表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在,且表达的融合蛋白能与His标签单克隆抗体发生特异性反应。 相似文献
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本研究旨在探索转化生长因子β3（transforming growth factor beta 3，TGFβ3）基因在大白猪×民猪构建的F2代资源群体内的多态性，并分析其多态性与猪脊椎数性状的关系。试验采用PCR技术，以F0代个体的DNA为模板，筛选TGFβ3基因外显子区的SNP，并将筛选到的SNP在F2代群体中进行验证，进而分析SNP与猪脊椎数性状的关联性。结果发现，TGFβ3基因在F0代个体中仅筛选到1个SNP位点，即SSC7：105179474 G > A，表现为两种基因型GG和GA。TGFβ3基因不同基因型与F2代个体脊椎数性状的关联分析表明，SSC7：105179474 G > A与猪肋骨数、胸腰椎数之和呈极显著相关（P < 0.01），与猪腰椎数无显著相关（P > 0.05）。χ2适合性检验发现，该位点处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P > 0.05）。综上所述，TGFβ3基因可能是影响猪脊椎数性状的主效基因或与主效基因连锁，SSC7：105179474 G > A位点有望作为提高猪脊椎数性状的分子遗传标记。 相似文献
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Bovine tuberculosis is an ongoing problem in Ireland, and herd incidence has remained at approximately 5% for some years. Spillover of infection from cattle to people remains an ever-present possibility, given the ongoing pool of infection in the Irish cattle population. This paper describes an outbreak of tuberculosis affecting cattle and people on a dairy farm in southeastern Ireland following the consumption of milk from a seven-year-old cow with tuberculous mastitis. Twenty-five of 28 calves born during autumn 2004 and spring 2005 were subsequently identified as TB reactors, and five of six family members were positive on the Mantoux test. During 2005, milk from this cow had mainly been used to feed calves, and was added only occasionally to the bulk tank. Therefore, the calves each received infected milk on an almost continuous basis between birth and weaning. The family collected milk from the bulk milk tank, and consumed it without pasteurisation. This case highlights the risks associated with the consumption of raw milk. In this family, TB has had a very significant impact on the health of two young children. These risks are well recognised, and relevant information for farmers is available. It is of concern, therefore, that raw milk consumption remains prevalent on Irish farms. New strategies are needed, in partnership with industry, to address this important issue. Keywords: bovine tuberculosis, Ireland, mastitis, milk, Mycobacterium bovis, pasteurisation, TB, zoonosis. 相似文献
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为探究硒化大蒜多糖对环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制的颉颃作用,将336只11日龄非免疫健康罗曼雏鸡随机均分为7组：空白对照组（BC）、免疫对照组（VC）、环磷酰胺对照组（Cy）、sGPS3、sGPS5、sGPS6和药物对照组（APS）,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。BC组和VC组注射0.5 mL生理盐水,其余组均肌肉注射8 mg/mL环磷酰胺0.5 mL,每天1次,连续3 d;14日龄时,除BC组外,其余组均用新城疫疫苗免疫,同时3个硒大蒜化多糖组分别注射0.5 mL浓度为1 mg/mL的sGPS3、sGPS5、sGPS6,APS组肌肉注射黄芪多糖注射液0.5 mL,Cy组、VC组和BC组注射生理盐水0.5 mL,每天1次,连续3 d,28日龄二免。分别于首免后的第7、14、21、28天,每组随机抽取6只罗曼鸡翼静脉采血,分离血清,β-微量法检测血清ND-HI抗体效价、ELISA法检测血清γ干扰素（IFN-γ）和白细胞介素2（IL-2）含量。称量体重后采集胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊组织并称重,计算免疫器官指数。结果显示,各给药组的血清ND-HI抗体效价、血清IFN-γ和IL-2含量、法氏囊指数均显著高于Cy组（P<0.05）;sGPS6组血清抗体效价、IFN-γ含量在28 d,血清IL-2含量在21、28 d均显著高于其余各组（P<0.05）;在免疫后21、28 d,4个给药组中sGPS6组体重、法氏囊指数最高,显著高于其余3个给药组（P<0.05）;在免疫后28 d,4个给药组中sGPS6组胸腺指数、脾脏指数最高,显著高于其余3个给药组（P<0.05）。结果表明,硒化大蒜多糖对环磷酰胺所致的免疫抑制具有颉颃作用,其中sGPS6组的活性最高,可作为新型免疫抑制颉颃剂的候选药。 相似文献