共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 297 毫秒
1.
试验旨在探讨激素剂量、超排间隔及重复超排次数对和牛重复超排效果的影响，为建立稳定、高效的和牛供体重复超排方案提供依据。本试验共选取63头15~18月龄的和牛供体母牛进行超排处理，其中17头和牛供体随机分成2组，分别以200、200、200 mg的FSH注射总剂量和200、220、240 mg的FSH注射总剂量进行3次重复超排，每次超排间隔30 d，研究激素剂量对和牛重复超排的影响；24头和牛供体随机分成3组，每组分别以60、45、30 d的超排间隔，每次200 mg的FSH注射总剂量进行3次重复超排，研究超排间隔对和牛重复超排的影响；22头和牛供体采用每次200 mg的FSH注射总剂量进行连续7次重复超排，每次超排间隔30 d，研究重复超排次数对和牛重复超排的影响。结果显示，采用FSH注射总剂量为200、220、240 mg获得的头均胚胎总数和头均可用胚胎数显著高于每次均为200 mg的FSH注射总剂量（P<0.05）；与超排间隔60 d组相比，超排间隔45 d组获得的头均可用胚胎数显著降低（P<0.05），而超排间隔30 d组获得的头均可用胚胎数也降低，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；重复超排在6次以内，获得的头均可用胚胎数无显著差异（P>0.05）。结果表明，注射FSH总剂量为200、220、240 mg连续超排3次的超排效果优于注射FSH总剂量为200、200、200 mg组；超排间隔越长，越有利于母牛生殖道的恢复，获得的可用胚胎数越多，但超排间隔30 d，也可获得良好的超排效果；高强度重复超排以30 d为超排间隔，超排5~6次为宜。 相似文献
2.
[目的]以16~18月龄青年日本和牛为供体,研究不同FSH和剂量对青年日本和牛超排效果的影响。[方法]超排采用CIDR+FSH+PG方法进行。[结果]进口FSH和国产FSH超排和牛后头均获胚胎数、头均获可用胚胎数、头均退化胚胎数和头均未受精卵数差异均不显著(P0.05);3种不同剂量的国产FSH处理日本和牛,头均获胚胎数、头均获可用胚胎数、头均退化胚胎数和头均未受精卵数差异均不显著(P0.05)。[结论]进口FSH和国产FSH超排青年和牛效果相当,同时适当降低国产FSH注射总剂量不影响青年和牛供体超排效果。 相似文献
3.
通过对绵羊超数排卵技术的主要环节进行研究,得出适用于规模化生产的一套简便、稳定、低成本、高效、实用的羊胚胎生产技术.其结果如下①超排处理的499只供体羊平均排卵、回收胚、可用胚分别是14.41枚±4.34枚、12.56枚±4.05枚、9.13枚±4.03枚,育成羊组的此3项指标均高于经产羊组(P＜0.01);②对6个品种的412只供体羊进行超排处理,罗米利希尔斯羊的排卵、回收胚胎及可用胚胎平均数均高于其他品种(P＜0.01),其他品种之间无显著差异(P＞0.05),帮德羊的可用胚胎平均数显著低于其他品种(P＜0.01);③舍饲和放牧条件下供体羊排卵黄体平均数没有显著差异(P＞0.05).但是,舍饲羊的回收胚和可用胚胎平均数显著高于放牧羊(P＜0.01);④3种方式发情羊的排卵黄体平均数无显著差异(P＞0.05),但是,自然发情羊的回收胚及可用胚平均数均明显高于其他两组(P＜0.01);⑤用宁波和加拿大生产的FSH制剂进行超排处理,黄体平均数并无差别(P＞0.05),但回收胚胎平均数前者低于后者(0.01＜P＜0.05),尤其是后者的可用胚胎平均数明显高于前者(P＜0.01);⑥宁波生产的FSH制剂分为4个剂量等级进行超数排卵,4组之间无显著差异(P＞0.05).150 u剂量组的回收胚胎平均数均低于其他剂量组(0.01＜P＜0.05),180 u剂量组可用胚平均数显著低于其他3个剂量组(P＜0.01); ⑦超排1次或2次,排卵数无显著差异(P＞0.05);但超排2次以上,黄体数明显下降(P＜0.01).超排3次以上回收胚胎数明显低于其他两组(P＜0.01);⑧精液质量直接影响超排效果,精液活力越高效果越好. 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(21)
为了快速扩大高山美利奴优质种羊群体、提高供种能力,试验采用卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormones,FSH)不同使用剂量、给药方式,在冬季不同畜舍温度下进行超数排卵及胚胎移植,分析胚胎移植的效果。结果表明:在冬季畜舍内温度为-8℃时,按照6次递减法肌肉注射12.5 mL Folltropin-V进行超排处理时(对照组),黄体数及回收可用胚胎数最高,胚胎移植后产羔率为41.67%;减少Foltrpin-V使用量,采用6次递减法肌肉注射10 mL Folltropin-V时(试验1组),黄体数及可用胚胎数显著下降(P0.05),胚胎移植后产羔率为56.67%;增加注射次数,采用8次递减法注射12.5 mL Folltropin-V时(试验2组),可用胚胎数极显著下降(P0.01),移植后产羔率为52.17%;当不改变剂量及给药方式,仅将畜舍内温度降至-18℃时(试验3组),卵巢反应及胚胎回收率未受影响,但胚胎移植后产羔率仅为14.70%。手术时与FSH浓度关系研究中,手术时间为外源性FSH浓度下降期,排卵结束。说明畜舍内温度为-8℃,按照6次递减法肌肉注射10 mL Folltropin-V进行超排,于供体第1次配种后40小时时进行胚胎回收及移植手术,为冬季高山美利奴羊胚胎移植最优方案。 相似文献
7.
8.
影响萨福克羊超排效果的因素较多,主要包括供体、激素及其它一些影响供体生理状态的因素。本试验以萨福克羊为研究对象、超排方法的选择,卵巢处于不同生理状态时期的超排、促排激素、超排季节、供体年龄、重复超排、饲养管理等因素对供体超排效果的影响情况进行了研究,结果表明:通过同一季节利用不同方案对萨福克羊的超数排卵处理发现,以国产FSH6～7mg和加拿大FSH250mg进行4d递减处理的排卵数和可用胚率最高,是超数排卵处理的最佳方案。由于进口激素价格高,故推荐使用国产FSH6～7mg进行4d递减处理方案进行萨福克羊超数排卵。在供体发情周期第10～14天中任何一天开始超排都能取得较好的超排效果,可用胚胎平均数为7.1(6.1～8.2)。供体发情配种时用LH/HCG促排激素比LHRH-A3更能使更多的卵泡排卵,但末受精的数量也相应增加,综合考虑,萨福克羊发情配种时用LHRH-A3促排激素的效果最佳。超排季节对供体超排效果没有显著影响(P>0.05)。供体羊的年龄对超数排卵效果没有显著的影响,对性成熟不久的供体羊初次诱导排卵时适当降低FSH剂量,可取得与成年经产母羊一样的较好的超排效果。供体羊重复超排处理时,平均排卵率无显著差异(P>0.05),但采集可用胚胎数量有显著差异(P<0.01)。补饲养条件下的绵羊供体羊平均采集可用胚胎数量显著高于不补饲供体羊可用胚胎数量(P<0.01)。 相似文献
9.
《中国牛业科学》2022,48(5):17-21
[目的]为进一步研究核心群奶牛超数排卵技术影响因素。[方法]试验使用3个FSH剂量和4 个公牛精液对27头青年奶牛进行超数排卵。对供体牛胚胎生产情况和受体胚胎移植妊娠率进行统计。[结果]结果显示供体2次超排获得7.8枚平均可用胚胎显著高于1次超排获得的5.7枚平均可用胚胎(P<0.05);260,280 mg FSH超排供体获得6.0和7.7 枚平均可用胚胎显著高于300 mg FSH超排供体获得的4.6枚平均可用胚胎(P<0.05);供体使用4个公牛精液人工授精后获得的平均可用胚胎数和平均未受精卵数差异不显著(P>0.05);移植前接种疫苗的受体胚胎移植妊娠率显著降低(P<0.05）。[结论]核心群奶牛超排适宜FSH剂量为260-280 mg,使用高受精力公牛精液和对超排反应好的供体重复超排能够提高超排效率,受体移植前避免疫苗接种能够提高胚胎移植妊娠率。 相似文献
10.
澳洲和牛超数排卵与体内胚胎生产的影响因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旨在研究不同发育阶段（青年和经产牛）、同期方法、促卵泡素（follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH）剂量、超排次数等因素对澳洲和牛供体超数排卵（简称超排）和体内胚胎生产效率的影响。本试验共选用38头青年和牛（16~20月龄）和42头经产和牛（胎次=1）进行超排处理,分别统计每头供体牛回收的总胚胎数、可用胚胎数、不同等级胚胎数以及不可用胚胎数,然后分别根据不同发育阶段、同期方法、FSH剂量以及超排次数对各试验组的超排效率、胚胎生产等数据进行比较分析。结果表明：1）经产牛的超排有效率（（95.46±2.58）%）显著高于青年牛（（77.55±6.02）%）（P<0.05）,胚胎总数（12.30 vs 10.37枚）、可用胚胎数（8.97 vs 7.66枚）、A级胚胎数（3.86 vs 2.50枚）均高于青年牛,但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）;2）超排前不同同期处理方法（自然发情、PG和埋植CIDR）的超排有效率差异不显著,但是自然发情组供体牛头均可用胚胎总数（（11.22±2.33）枚）显著高于PG处理组（（6.09±1.05）枚）（P<0.05）;3）不同剂量FSH可显著影响供体的超排效率和头均不可用胚胎数,青年牛120 mg FSH组的超排有效率（（55.56±17.57）%）显著低于200 mg FSH （（88.00±6.63）%）和220 mg FSH组（（73.33±11.82）%）（P<0.05）,经产牛220 mg FSH组的头均不可用胚胎数（（2.28±0.65）枚）显著低于250 mg FSH组（（5.00±1.38）枚）（P<0.05）;4）超排次数显著影响青年牛超排有效率和经产牛头均不可用胚胎数,青年牛第一次超排有效率（（70.27±7.62）%）显著低于第二次超排有效率（100%）（P<0.05）,经产牛第二次超排回收的不可用胚胎数（（4.44±0.92）枚）显著高于第一次超排（（2.39±0.40）枚）（P<0.05）。因此,在华北地区现有的生产管理水平下,和牛超排供体宜选用经产母牛,超排处理FSH总剂量宜为240 mg,这对和牛体内胚胎高效生产和核心群的建立具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
16.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
18.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
19.
Bazin H 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(5-6):293-308
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing. 相似文献