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1.
为研究儋州鸡不同产蛋时期生殖激素的分泌规律,采用ELISA方法对儋州鸡母鸡开产前期、开产期、产蛋高峰期及产蛋后期4个时期血液中促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、催乳素(PRL)、孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E_2)的浓度进行测定。结果显示,开产期与产蛋高峰期FSH与LH浓度极显著高于开产前期和产蛋后期(P0.01);不同产蛋时期血液中PRL浓度呈上升趋势,且开产前期和开产期PRL浓度显著低于产蛋后期(P0.05);不同产蛋时期血液中E_2浓度呈下降趋势,且产蛋后期E_2浓度显著高于开产前期和开产期(P0.05),极显著高于产蛋高峰期(P0.01);开产期与产蛋后期P的浓度较高,均显著高于开产前期(P0.05),且极显著高于产蛋高峰期(P0.01)。研究表明,儋州鸡在不同产蛋时期血液中生殖激素含量水平有不同的变化,开产期血液中FSH、LH及P浓度较开产前期明显升高;产蛋高峰期血液中FSH与LH的浓度高于其他时期;产蛋后期血液中PRL、E_2、P的浓度较产蛋高峰期明显上升,且负反馈调节FSH与LH的分泌量。  相似文献   

2.
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3.
试验旨在研究不同激素配比及表皮生长因子(EGF)浓度对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及卵母细胞质量的影响。将随机分组的卵丘-卵母细胞复合体于添加FSH+LH、HMG、FSH+LH+E2、HMG+E2 4种不同激素组合配比的成熟基础液中培养,对比其体外成熟率,比较了EGF对牛卵母细胞体外成熟率和孤雌胚胎体外发育的影响,并采用TUNEL法检测添加不同浓度EGF的牛孤雌激活囊胚细胞凋亡情况。结果表明,添加HMG的成熟试验结果稳定,E2对牛卵母细胞成熟有一定的促进作用,HMG+E2联合使用可以得到高效稳定的成熟结果;在此基础上,在成熟液中添加30 ng/mL EGF对牛卵母细胞的成熟质量、胚胎发育及降低胚胎细胞凋亡都有明显的促进作用。因此,在体外成熟培养液中添加0.075 IU/mL HMG、1 μg/mL E2和30 ng/mL EGF对牛卵母细胞的成熟和质量较为有益。  相似文献   

4.
为了探究不同组分体外成熟培养基对绵羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响,试验从健康绵羊卵巢中分离卵丘-卵母细胞复合体(COCs),将分离的COCs分为V-FSH+LH+E2+FBS组、V-FSH+FBS组、V-FSH+LH+E2+BSA组、P-FSH+LH+E2+FBS组、P-FSH+FBS组、P-FSH+LH+E2+BSA组,每组分别添加以V-促卵泡素(FSH,垂体中提纯的FSH)和P-FSH(体外基因重组表达的FSH)为基础设计的体外成熟培养基以进行体外成熟试验,即各组依次添加V-FSH+促黄体素(LH)+雌激素(E2)+胎牛血清(FBS)、V-FSH+FBS、V-FSH+LH+E2+牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、P-FSH+LH+E2+FBS、P-FSH+FBS、P-FSH+LH+E2+BSA体外成熟培养基,体外成熟后检测各组卵丘扩展指数(CEI)、第一极体排出率、卵母细胞氧化还原态、乳酸生成量、葡萄糖消耗量、ATP生成量;...  相似文献   

5.
旨在研究妊娠后期饲喂不同钙磷水平饲粮对产后伊犁马初乳成分、乳脂脂肪酸组成、血液钙磷及钙磷代谢激素、繁殖及生长代谢激素等生理生化指标的影响，为明确伊犁马在妊娠后期对钙磷的适宜需要量提供参考。本试验选取健康、无亲缘关系、12~13周岁、体重为（380±32）kg、胎次为4~5胎、处于第10妊娠月左右的伊犁马25匹，随机分为5组，每组5个重复。各组饲粮钙饲喂水平分别为36.00、39.00、42.00、45.00和48.00 g·d-1，磷饲喂水平分别为26.30、28.30、30.30、32.30和34.30 g·d-1。试验预试期10 d，正试期从第11天至母马分娩后第2天结束。母马分娩后12 h内采集初乳用于测定乳成分和乳脂脂肪酸含量，空腹血液用于测定Ca、P、甲状旁腺素（PTH）、降钙素（CT）、骨钙素（OC）、胎盘催乳素（PL）、垂体催乳素（PRL）、雌酮（E1）、雌二醇（E2）、血清孕酮（PROG）、甲状腺素（T4）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、生长激素（GH）、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-1）等激素浓度。结果表明：1）饲粮钙磷水平对初乳中钙、磷、乳脂率、乳糖率均无显著影响，组间乳蛋白率、总固形物、体细胞数、乳脂中饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）比例存在显著差异（P<0.05）。随着饲粮钙、磷水平的增加，乳磷浓度、乳蛋白率和UFA比例呈显著线性增加（P<0.05），总固形物呈显著二次增加（P<0.05），而乳糖率、SFA及肉豆蔻酸比例呈显著线性降低（P<0.05）。2）饲粮钙磷水平显著影响血液中OC和PROG浓度（P<0.05），随着饲粮钙磷水平的增加，血液中离子钙、CT和OC浓度呈显著的线性降低（P<0.05），而PTH和PROG水平呈显著的线性升高（P<0.05）。饲粮钙、磷水平对PL、PRL、E1、E2等生殖激素以及T3、T4、GH和IGF-1等生长代谢激素浓度均无显著影响。由此可见，在本试验条件下，饲粮钙磷通过提高初乳中乳蛋白率和总固形物来改变乳脂中饱和脂肪酸含量和不饱和脂肪酸比例影响初乳成分；通过降低血液中OC浓度影响钙磷代谢；通过提高血液中PROG浓度影响繁殖状况。  相似文献   

6.
本研究旨在探讨Smad9在小鼠卵泡发育中的作用，为卵泡生长发育及其调控机制的研究提供新思路。将6周龄的雌性昆明小鼠随机分成3组，分别腹腔注射生理盐水、骨形态发生蛋白-4（BMP4）和Smad9抑制剂（LDN-193189），依次作为对照组、BMP4组和LDN组。48 h后收集卵巢制作石蜡切片，HE染色后观察卵泡发育情况并对各级卵泡进行计数；采用Western blotting和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测Smad9蛋白和mRNA水平。同时通过ELISA试验测定各组小鼠血清中雌二醇（E2）、孕酮（P4）、黄体生成素（LH）、卵泡刺激素（FSH）和芳香化酶等的浓度，并检测了CYP19a1、LHR、PRLR和FSHR基因的表达情况，进一步探究Smad9可能的作用机制。结果显示，与对照组相比，BMP4组Smad9蛋白和mRNA水平较高，而LDN组较低；BMP4组有腔卵泡显著增加（P<0.05），而LDN组显著减少（P<0.05）。此外，ELISA试验结果显示，BMP4组血清E2、FSH和芳香化酶含量增加，而P4和LH含量降低；LDN组中E2和芳香化酶的含量降低。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，BMP4组FSHR和CYP19a1基因的mRNA水平升高，而LHR和PRLR基因的mRNA水平降低；LDN组PRLR基因的mRNA水平升高，而CYP19a1基因的mRNA水平降低。由以上试验结果可以得出，BMP4诱导的Smad9能促进小鼠有腔卵泡的发育，而其可能主要通过影响E2、PRL和芳香化酶等的产生而起作用。  相似文献   

7.
为了解不同月份生产的奶山羊泌乳期生殖激素与生长激素(GH)变化规律,随机抽取1、3、5和8月份分娩的奶山羊各10只,于分娩后0 d、7 d、1~8个月(每月的第15天)时采集母羊静脉血,分离血清,采用ELISA试剂盒检测母羊外周血中催乳素(PRL)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、雌激素(E2)、孕酮(P4)和GH水平变化。结果显示:不同月份产羔母羊泌乳期间外周血中同一激素的动态变化趋势一致;在整个泌乳期间,1、3、5、8月份产羔母羊PRL、FSH、LH、P4、E2、GH含量的动态变化范围分别为446.17~221.72 ng·L-1、9.49~3.82 U·L-1、351.17~218.16 pg·mL-1、4086.83~3568.15 pmol·L-1,33.74~22.30 ng·L-1、30.36~11.57μg·L-1;不同月份产羔母羊外周血中GH水平在相同泌乳期均无显著差异(P>0.05),FSH水平在0 d有显著差异(P<0.05),P4水平在8个月时有显著差异(P<0.05),PRL水平在泌乳的0 d和2、3、8个月时有显著差异(P<0.05),LH水平在泌乳的0 d、2个月时有显著差异(P<0.05),E2水平在泌乳0 d、3个月和8个月时有显著差异(P<0.05)。结果表明:奶山羊产羔月份的不同对泌乳期间的激素水平有一定的影响,但动态变化趋势一致。  相似文献   

8.
为探讨催乳素(PRL)在垂体层面对禽类生殖的调控机制,以原代培养的鸡胚垂体相关基因表达的变化。结果显示,用5 ng/mL和50 ng/mL的PRL处理鸡胚垂体细胞24 h,对PRLR表达有先抑制后促进作用,对LHβ表达则呈现明显促进作用,对GnRHR和FSHβ表达无显著影响;而对培养液中LH和FSH浓度均无显著影响。当处理时间为12 h时,与对照组相比,50 ng/mL PRL组显著抑制鸡胚垂体细胞分泌LH和FSH;并且在处理12 h后,PRL能抑制LHβ、FSHβ、GnRHR和TGFBR3的表达,而对PRLR和GnIHR的表达水平均无显著影响。研究结果表明,PRL在垂体层面对促性腺激素的分泌和促生殖相关基因表达具有抑制作用。  相似文献   

9.
旨在研究黄体期不同阶段注射前列腺激素(PGF2α)对育成母羊生殖激素和生殖相关细胞因子的影响。本研究选择健康、体况良好、体重相近、发情周期正常的湖羊育成母羊60只,用“孕酮栓(MAP)+PMSG”法进行发情周期同步化处理后,选择发情正常的48只母羊随机均分为6组。发情当天记为第0天,黄体前期试验组、中期试验组和末期试验组母羊分别在第6(黄体前期)、11(黄体中期)、16天(黄体末期)注射1 mL PGF2α(0.1 mg),黄体前期对照组、中期对照组和末期对照组母羊分别在第6、11、16天注射1 mL生理盐水,每次注射后0.5、1、2、3 h采血,用于血液指标检测。结果表明,所有试验组和对照组母羊于注射后的0.5~3 h间血清中FSH、LH、PRL、P4、E2水平以及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IFN-β无显著变化(P＞0.05);母羊在黄体期不同阶段注射PGF2α对0.5、1、2、3 h血清中FSH、LH、PRL及IL-1β、IFN-β无显著影响(P＞0.05),前期试验组注射后3 h P4水平显著低于前期对照组,E2和IL-6水平显著高于前期对照组(P＜0.05),前期试验组注射后2和3 h TNF-α水平显著高于前期对照组(P＜0.05);中期试验组注射后1 h P4水平显著低于中期对照组(P＜0.05)。黄体前期注射PGF2α后,前期试验组0.5~ 3 h内FSH、E2、TNF-α、IL-6整体水平显著高于前期对照组(P＜0.05),P4整体水平显著低于前期对照组(P＜0.05),对LH、PRL、IL-1β和IFN-β无显著影响(P＞0.05);黄体中期注射PGF2α后,中期试验组0.5~3 h内E2整体水平显著高于中期对照组(P＜0.05),P4整体水平显著低于中期对照组(P＜0.05),对FSH、LH、PRL、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和IFN-β无显著影响(P＞0.05);黄体末期注射PGF2α对生殖激素与相关细胞因子没有显著性影响(P＞0.05)。本研究结果表明,PGF2α对黄体的溶解作用存在阶段性差异,母羊在黄体前期对PGF2α的短期应答反应强于黄体中、末期,且黄体前期时,卵巢可以响应PGF2α为卵泡发育营造更佳的发育环境。  相似文献   

10.
为探讨催乳激素对体外培养的山羊乳腺上皮细胞脂肪酸合酶（fatty acid synthase，FASN）基因转录活性的调控作用，试验分别用不同浓度的胰岛素（insulin，INS）、雌激素（estradiol，E2）、催乳素（prolactin，PRL）及不同激素组合（INS+PRL、E2+INS+PRL）处理山羊乳腺上皮细胞24 h，提取细胞总RNA，采用实时荧光定量PCR检测催乳激素对FASN基因mRNA表达水平的影响。细胞转染山羊FASN基因启动子报告基因载体，同样用不同浓度的胰岛素、雌激素、催乳素及激素组合处理24 h，利用双荧光素酶报告基因系统检测催乳激素对FASN基因启动子活性的影响。结果发现，用雌激素、催乳素处理山羊乳腺上皮细胞后，FASN基因启动子活性及mRNA水平极显著或显著上调（P<0.01；P<0.05），雌激素浓度为10、100 μmol/L和催乳素浓度为0.1和1 μg/mL时效果最为明显，而胰岛素对FASN基因的启动子活性及mRNA水平没有显著影响（P>0.05）。用不同激素组合（INS+PRL、E2+INS+PRL）处理细胞均能显著上调FASN基因启动子活性及mRNA表达水平（P<0.05）。结果表明，雌激素和催乳素能够调控FASN基因的转录活性，为进一步研究泌乳过程中FASN基因的分子调控机制提供理论依据。  相似文献   

11.
To investigate the regulation of reproductive hormones in Danzhou chicken by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH),the concentration of FSH and LH in Danzhou chicken blood were changed by different treatments and the concentration of FSH,LH, prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P), and estradiol (E2) in the blood were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The results showed that exogenous FSH and LH could improve the concentrations of FSH and LH,respectively. When one of FSH and LH increased alone,the concentration of PRL was significantly decreased (P < 0.05),while it was significantly increased when FSH and LH were both increased (P < 0.05).The high level of the FSH could result the significant increase of E2 and P (P < 0.05),and it would expand the increasing effect in cooperation with the high concentration of LH. While the high level of the LH could elevate the concentration of E2 and P,but effect was not significant (P > 0.05).In conclusion,the study suggested that the increase level of FSH or LH could reduce the concentration of PRL in Danzhou chicken,meanwhile,it could increase the concentration of E2 and P in varying degrees. However,both of the FSH and LH increase in the blood could result the significant increase of E2 and P as the synergy. When the concentration of E2 and P were too high,it could stimulate the release of PRL which could adjust the concentration of FSH and LH,and rebalance the concentrations of E2 and P in the blood.  相似文献   

12.
The objective of the present study was to examine the involvement of opioid neuropeptides and E2 in regulating circulating concentrations of gonadotropins during sexual maturation in the bovine female. Prepubertal (immature) and postpubertal (mature) bovine females were used. Mean concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) in circulation before and after administration of naloxone were determined in ovariectomized heifers administered E2 and ovariectomized heifers not administered E2. A linear decline (P<0.01) in opioid suppression of LH and FSH occurred during the experimental period in immature heifers receiving E2. This decline in opioid suppression of LH and FSH occurred during the same period of time that intact control heifers were initiating estrous cycles at puberty. Little change of opioid suppression of LH and FSH occurred during the experimental period in immature heifers not receiving E2 and mature heifers receiving E2. Our research indicates that opioid neuropeptides and E2 act together to regulate LH and FSH secretion during sexual maturation in the bovine female.  相似文献   

13.
The objective of the research was to determine the relationship between circulating 17β-estradiol (E2) and secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in cows. A second objective was to determine if response to E2 was influenced by interval between ovariectomy and the start of E2 treatment. Thirty-one nulliparous cows 3 yr of age were randomly assigned to a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sixteen cows were ovariectomized at 18 mo of age (long term), and the other 15 cows were ovariectomized at 36 mo of age (short term). At the time of ovariectomy of cows in the short term group, 11 cows in the short term group and 12 cows in the long term group were implanted subcutaneously with 1, 2 or 4 polydimethylsiloxane capsules containing E2. The other eight cows served as non-implanted controls (n=4-short term, n=4-long term). All cows were fitted with jugular vein catheters on day 29 of treatment, and on day 30 blood samples were collected at 12-min intervals for 6 hr. At the end of 6 hr, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was administered and blood sampling continued at 12-min intervals for an additional hour. Serum was analyzed for LH and E2. Variables of LH secretion analyzed were mean concentration, frequency of pulses, amplitude of pulses and maximum concentration after LHRH. There were no significant interactions for any of the variables of LH among cows ovariectomized for the long and short term. There was a significant linear increase in mean concentration of LH with increased circulating concentration of E2. Frequency of LH pulses was not affected by circulating concentration of E2. As circulating concentration of E2 increased, amplitude of LH pulses increased and response to LHRH increased - resulting in an increase in mean LH. Interval from time of ovariectomy to the start of E2 treatment only had a minor influence on mean concentration of LH and profile of LH concentrations in circulation.  相似文献   

14.
For optimizing in vitro maturation system of bovine oocytes,we firstly examined the influence of four different hormonal regimes(FSH+LH,HMG,FSH+LH+E2 and HMG+E2) on oocyte maturation rates.Then we studied the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the above defined medium on bovine oocyte maturation,in vitro development and quality of parthenogenetic embryos.The cell apoptotic index of parthenogenetic blastocysts was detected by TUNEL.No significant difference was observed in maturation rates in four groups supplemented with different hormones.However,human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) provided steady maturation results in replicates.Maturation of oocytes was promoted by supplementation with 17β-estradiol (E2).Combination of HMG and E2 gave rise to steady and efficient mature results.The presence of EGF at 30 ng/mL concentration significantly increased maturation rate and blastocyst rate and reduced apoptotic cells in parthenogenetic blastocysts.Therefore,the optimal oocyte maturation solution could be supplemented with 0.075 IU/mL HMG,1 μg/mL E2 and 30 ng/mL EGF.  相似文献   

15.
试验旨在探讨小花棘豆（Oxytropis glabra DC）中毒对和田羊母羊繁殖器官指数、性激素水平和相关基因mRNA表达量的影响。以小花棘豆中毒和田羊母羊为研究对象,采集血清后屠宰,采集试验羊的丘脑、垂体和卵巢组织,测定其脏器系数,检测血清中促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、促卵泡素（FSH）、促黄体素（LH）、雌二醇（E2）和孕酮（P4）含量的变化,并检测各组织中相关繁殖基因的表达。结果显示,小花棘豆中毒和田羊母羊丘脑、垂体和卵巢指数均极显著升高（P < 0.01）,且卵巢表面卵泡数显著下降（P < 0.05）,HE染色表明丘脑神经元细胞固缩、浓染;垂体中细胞核变形、浓染,胞浆减少;卵巢中初级卵母细胞溶解、消失,间质血管扩张。小花棘豆中毒和田羊母羊血清中GnRH、FSH、LH、E2和P4含量均极显著下降（P < 0.01）,丘脑中Kiss-1、GPR54、ERα mRNA,垂体中GnRHR mRNA和卵巢中FSHR、LHR mRNA表达量均极显著下降（P < 0.01）。结果表明,小花棘豆毒性成分可通过丘脑-垂体-性腺轴影响和田羊母羊的生殖系统。  相似文献   

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