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1.
不同处理对3种草花种子萌芽的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以双色金鸡菊、八宝景天、舞草种子为试验材料,探讨在不同基质、不同pH值以及不同浓度植物生长激素GA3、IAA的预处理下对其萌芽率的影响,旨在摸索出最适合上述几种花卉种子萌发的条件。结果表明:不同的酸碱条件下,双色金鸡菊种子在pH值为弱酸、弱碱时的萌芽率最高,八宝景天和舞草种子在pH值为弱酸时萌芽率最高。3个浓度的GA3对双色金鸡菊、八宝景天种子的萌发有抑制作用,对舞草种子的萌发有促进作用。3个浓度的IAA对双色金鸡菊、八宝景天种子的萌发有抑制作用,低浓度的IAA对舞草的萌发有促进作用。在珍珠岩的环境中,双色金鸡菊种子萌发率最高;在细沙环境中,八宝景天种子萌发率最高;在草炭灰的环境中,舞草的萌发率最高。 相似文献
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为探索贵州民族药大丁草种子的萌发特性,以大丁草种子为试验材料,通过对基质、温度、光照、浸种时间、激素浓度等条件设置不同处理,研究不同条件对其种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明:不同基质对种子萌发率有明显的影响,萌发率由高到低的基质依次为河沙、滤纸、脱脂棉+滤纸、脱脂棉、纱布;不同温度对种子萌发影响显著(P0.05),20℃时萌发率最高,10℃时萌发率最低;周期性光照(光照12 h/黑暗12 h)条件下比全光照和全黑暗条件下萌发率高、萌发速度快;浸种24 h是萌发效果最佳;能够有效促进大丁草种子萌发的赤霉素、萘乙酸和水杨酸的浓度分别为50、10、50 mg·L~(-1)。大丁草萌发的适宜基质为河沙,适宜温度为20～25℃,适宜的光照条件为周期性光照,适宜的浸种时间为24 h,适宜的赤霉素、萘乙酸和水杨酸的浓度分别为50、10、50 mg·L~(-1)。 相似文献
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以大穗结缕草为试材,研究了光照/黑暗、温度、盐胁迫和干旱胁迫对大穗结缕草种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明:种子萌发为非需光种子,种子萌发最适温度范围为25~30℃;当NaCl浓度为100mmol·L~(-1)时,大穗结缕草种子最终萌发率与对照无显著差异,但种子发芽势和活力指数与对照有明显差异。当浓度为150~200mmol·L~(-1)时,显著抑制大穗结缕草种子的萌发。种子耐盐临界浓度和极限浓度分别为144.12、244.12mmol·L~(-1);随着干旱胁迫程度的增加,萌发进程所用时间增长,最终萌发率也显著下降,50g·L~(-1) PEG模拟干旱胁迫对种子萌发无显著影响,种子的耐旱临界浓度和极限浓度分别为90.95、155.05g·L~(-1)。综上所述,大穗结缕草种子在萌发期表现出一定的抗盐性和抗旱性。 相似文献
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《现代园艺》2020,(17)
为探究不同浓度Na Cl溶液对几种草坪草种子萌发率的影响,比较不同草坪草种子萌发阶段的耐盐性,以白三叶(Trifolium repens)、红三叶(Trifolium pratense)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、早熟禾(Poa annua)和剪股颖(Agrostis matsumurae)的种子为研究对象,用不同浓度Na Cl溶液(0.00%、0.30%、0.50%、0.70%、0.90%和1.10%)处理种子,进行萌发试验。研究表明:随Na Cl溶液浓度升高,几种草坪草种子萌发率均呈下降趋势;黑麦草种子在所有处理下萌发率显著最高,且其萌发可适应的Na Cl溶液浓度范围最广,即其萌发阶段的耐盐性最强;白三叶种子在所有处理下萌发率次之,即其种子萌发阶段的耐盐性较强;红三叶种子只在0.00%和0.30%的Na Cl溶液中具有较高萌发率,即其种子萌发阶段具有较强的耐低盐胁迫能力;剪股颖和早熟禾种子萌发率显著较低,即其种子萌发阶段耐盐性较差。 相似文献
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《现代园艺》2020,(5):31-32
筛选适宜草坪草种子萌发的温度,有助于指导草坪草成功建坪。以高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)、一年生早熟禾(Poa annua L.)和多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)种子为试验材料,4个温度梯度代表近5年内商丘市每年每个月的日平均最高温和最低温,检测其种子萌发率和萌发速率,揭示4种草坪草种子萌发适宜的温度。结果显示:高羊茅、草地早熟禾和黑麦草种子在30℃/20℃条件下萌发率和萌发速率均最低,而在20℃/10℃萌发率和萌发速率均最高,而一年生早熟禾种子萌发率和萌发速率在15℃/5℃和20℃/10℃下较高而在30℃/20℃下最低。因此,如利用种子繁殖法对这4种草坪草进行建坪,需在本地温度较低的月份即4月播种最好。4种草坪草种子均在低温下相对于高温下萌发较好,可能与其本身均为冷型草坪草的特性有关。 相似文献
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以2014年和2016年四川牡丹种子为试材,采用方差分析法,研究了基质和赤霉素(GA_3)处理对种子生根的影响及GA_3处理对种子发芽的影响,以期探索四川牡丹种子萌发特性。结果表明:对于生根率和发芽率,2016年种子比2014年种子高,具有强的生活力。对于种子生根,草炭土生根时间短于沙土,生根率以及不同根长百分比显著高于沙土;GA_3处理虽缩短种子生根时间,但显著降低生根率,增大霉烂率;未经GA_3处理的种子,播于草炭土中生根率最高(90.38%)。对于种子发芽,GA_3处理显著缩短初萌期,根长显著影响发芽率;当根长30mm时,用100mg·L~(-1) GA_3处理,初萌期较短(70d),发芽指数较高(0.203),发芽率最高(81.25%)。四川牡丹种子萌发优化条件为,在20℃恒温条件下,采集当年生的种子播于草炭土中,待主根长度生长到30mm时,用100mg·L~(-1) GA_3处理12h,转入4℃低温下发芽。四川牡丹种子萌发困难是其濒危的主要原因,该试验为珍稀濒危物种四川牡丹的繁育和救护提供参考依据。 相似文献
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以百日草种子为试材,分别采用浓度为0(CK)、100、200、300、400、500mol/L的青霉素溶液对百日草种子进行浸种处理,种子萌发期间测定种子发芽指标(发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数)和幼苗生长指标(芽长、根长、鲜重、侧根数),旨在研究青霉素对百日草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:随着浓度的增加,百日草种子发芽指标及幼苗生长指标均先上升后下降。200、300mol/L浓度的青霉素溶液均能显著提高百日草种子的发芽势、发芽率和活力指数;各处理均能使百日草幼苗根长和鲜重显著增加;青霉素浓度为300mol/L时,除发芽指数外,其它各项发芽指标和幼苗生长指标均与对照呈极显著差异。表明一定浓度的青霉素溶液对百日草种子的萌发及幼苗生长有促进作用,以青霉素浓度为300mol/L时效果最佳。 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden. 相似文献
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AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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GONG Yong-sheng LI Ji-wu YANG Peng-lin FAN Xiao-fang HU Liang-gang ZHENG Lü-zhen JIANG Zhong-sun 《园艺学报》2003,19(9):1261-1264
AIM:To investigate the effect of puerarin on pulmonary vessel collagen metabolism in pulmonary hypertension rats induced by chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia.METHODS:Collagen Ⅰ, Ⅲ and their mRNA were observed in pulmonary arterioles by the technique of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.RESULTS:① Light microscopy showed media thickness of pulmonary arterioles was much higher in HH(hypoxic-hypercapnia) group than that of NC(normal control) group, and, vessel cavity turned more straiter in HH group than that of NC group.However, the damage of pulmonary arterioles in HP(hypoxic-pueratin) group was much slighter than that of HH group. ② The levels of plasma ET-1 and lung homogenates Hyr were much higher in HH group than those of NC group(P＜0.01), and lower in HP group than HH groups(P＜0.01).Plasma NO content in group HH was lower than that of group NC(P＜0.01), it was higher in group HP than that of group HH(P＜0.01).③Expression of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅰ mRNA in pulmonary arterioles were significantly higher in HH groups than those of NC group (P＜0.01), and they were lower in HP group than those of HH group (P＜0.01).Expression of collagen Ⅲ and collagen Ⅲ mRNA showed no difference among three groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Puerarin inhibited the deposition of collagen and improved pulmonary vessel remodeling. 相似文献
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Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。 相似文献