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浙江省池塘养殖大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能和养殖环境分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2015年7-10月对浙江省杭州市6口养殖生产池塘内大口黑鲈和乌鳢的生长性能、池塘水质和底质状况进行了分析比较。所研究的池塘中,3口(B1、B2和B3)投喂配合饲料养殖大口黑鲈,2口(S1和S2)投喂配合饲料养殖乌鳢,1口(S3)投喂冰鲜鱼养殖乌鳢。试验结果:8月11日—9月4日,池塘B1内大口黑鲈体质量增加62 g/尾,池塘S1内乌鳢体质量增加113 g/尾,池塘S3内乌鳢体质量增加31 g/尾。研究期间,池塘S1和S2水中氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO_2~--N)、硝酸盐氮(NO_3~--N)、总氮(TN)、总有机碳(TOC)和底泥总磷(TP)均高于池塘B1、B2、B3;池塘S3水中TAN、活性磷酸盐(PO_4~(3-)-P)、TN、TP和底泥TN、TP、POC高于池塘S1和S2,但水中NO_2~--N、NO_3~--N、COD_(Mn)和TOC均低于池塘S1和S2。结果表明,采用配合饲料饲喂大口黑鲈和乌鳢可正常生长;投喂配合饲料时,乌鳢池塘水中TN和TOC的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘,表明乌鳢养殖池塘中有机质的积累程度高于大口黑鲈池塘。 相似文献
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为解决池塘高密度养殖过程中的投饲机承载量小、投饲不均匀、投饲范围小、饲料利用率低等问题,提出一种基于气体输送原理的自动投饲机。根据其工作原理,对投饲机的供料系统、输送系统、抛料系统和控制系统进行了设计与分析,采用气力作为供料能源,管道作为输送机构,撒料盘作为抛料机构,西门子S7-200PLC作为系统控制单元。结果显示,该自动投饲机能同时满足6个池塘的投喂,并能单独控制,满足池塘的投饲需求;投饲距离达20 m,平均投饲速度400 kg/h,破碎率低于0.9%,基本满足设计要求。与传统池塘投饲机相比,该投饲机具有结构简单、操作方便,饲料不易破碎、饲料利用率高等特点,并可实现对投饲量精确调节与控制。 相似文献
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投喂在整个养殖过程中占有非常重要的地位,尤其是池塘高密度精养的发展对投喂技术提出了更高的要求,投喂的基本原则在“四定投饵”的基础上发展为科学投喂,依据养殖对象自身状况、周围环境、养殖目标、市场预测来适时制定投饵量、投饵方法、投饵比率。同样的饲料、不同的投喂方式其饵料系数是完全不同的,所以广大养殖者应对其中的一些 相似文献
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<正>自动投饵机是提高饲料利用率,降低养殖成本的重要设施。为解决小型池塘的投饲浪费,提高工厂化养殖水平,设计研发出一种新型的水陆两用自动投饵机。根据其工作原理,对投饵机的供料装置、高压流体装置、饵料释放装置和控制系统进行了设计与分析,采用高压流体作为供料能源,管道作为输送机构,混料释放仓作为撒料装置,PLC3系统作为控制器,并按要求制作了样机进行投喂试验。结果表明,该投饵机可以实现底部投喂,投饲深度和投饲距离具有可调性,可以满足不同池塘的需求;投饲的同时还具有增氧的作用。较传统投饵机,该投饵机具有减少饲料浪费,优化鱼类摄食环境,减少局部缺氧的优点,适合现代化渔业养殖的推广和应用。 相似文献
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池塘养殖机械投喂效益好 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
池塘养殖、尤其是半精养、精养池塘,目前仍以人口投喂颗粒饲料为主。 几年来,在农业部渔业局、全国水产技术推广总站、北京市水产总公司及有关省(市)水产主管、推广部门的支持、指导下,采用机械代替人工投喂已由点至面逐步铺开,并取得了良好的经济效益与社会效益。 北京市、广东省顺德市、河南省郑州市已批量生产池塘养殖用投饲机。小时投饲量最大可达100公斤,最大投饲距离可达16—18米,投饲面积呈扇形,面积可达 相似文献
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刺参的活动和生长期与许多海产经济动物不同,它具有夏眠的生活习性。山东沿海刺参夏眠时间约100天左右,成年刺参在水温升到20℃(幼参24℃左右)就停止摄食,排空消化道,不吃不动,潜伏到礁石底下或岩石缝中开始夏眠,因此,养殖刺参的池塘高温期管理也与其它养殖品种不同。一、合理控制混养品种的饲料投喂招远地区的刺参池塘养殖以混养为主,混养品种以虾、蟹为多。刺参夏眠期间,正值虾、蟹的生长旺季,其摄食量增加,代谢旺盛,饲料的投喂应以配合饲料和鲜活饵料为主,冷冻的饵料应完全化冻,洗净后投喂,并严格控制投喂量,可投喂正常投喂量的85%左右,… 相似文献
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Effects of modified pond management on limnological parameters in small‐scale aquaculture ponds in mountainous Northern Vietnam 
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下载免费PDF全文 Johannes Pucher Richard Mayrhofer Mansour El‐Matbouli Ulfert Focken 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(1):56-70
In mountainous Northern Vietnam, traditional pond aquaculture is part of the integrated farming activity contributing to food safety and to income generation for small‐scale farmers of ethnic minorities. Traditional pond management consists of a polyculture of macro‐herbivorous grass carp with 3–5 other fish species that are cultured in small ponds with constant water flow through. The main limitations to production are species‐specific mass mortalities of grass carp, a poor feed base especially for all species but grass carp, and poor water quality. In this study, we compared the traditional pond management to a semi‐intensive pond management that was based on the traditional management system but included changes designed by researchers to increase fish production. The modifications consisted of water inflow control, supplemental fertilization and feeding, and a polyculture dominated by common carp. The changes in management significantly reduced the turbidity and increased oxygen supply, as well as the natural food base within the pond. These changes in pond management provide farmers with the possibility to improve their pond aquaculture scheme and overcome previous limitations. 相似文献
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泰山赤鳞鱼异地饲养试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从泰山引进５０尾赤鳞鱼鱼苗,在淄博室内水泥池进行异地饲养试验,经过合理投饵,调控水质,加强管理,试养１０个月,体重增长３５３％,体长增长１７３％,成活率９４％,打破“离开泰山之水,赤鳞鱼不能生存”的古有说法,证明异地饲养可行的,对泰山赤鳞鱼的食性,生长及所适水温,溶氧,ｐＨ值,水肥度,光照等进行了研究。 相似文献
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室内集约化养虾池以低频率运转水处理系统调控水质效果及氮磷收支 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用低频率运转循环水处理系统(含粗滤器、臭氧仪、气液混合器,蛋白分离器、暗沉淀池等)联用池内设施(微泡曝气增氧机与净水网)开展凡纳滨对虾室内集约化养殖实验。研究了养虾池以水处理系统调控水质效果及氮磷收支。结果表明,养虾水经系统处理后,NO2-N(53.4%～64.5%)、CODMn(53.4%～94.4%)与TAN(31.6%～40.4%)被显著去除,有效改进虾池水质;养殖周期内未换水与用药,虾池主要水化指标均控制在对虾生长安全范围,7号实验池(100 d)与8号对照池(80 d)主要水化指标变化范围:DO分别为 5.07～6.70 mg/L和4.38～6.94 mg/L,TAN 0.248～0.561 mg/L和0.301～0.794 mg/L,NO2-N 0.019～0.311 mg/L和0.012～0.210 mg/L,CODMn 10.88～21.22 mg/L和11.65～23.34 mg/L。7号池对虾生长指数优于8号池(80 d虾病暴发终止),单位水体产量分别为1.398 kg/m2与0.803 kg/m2。氮磷收支估算结果:7号与8号池饲料氮磷分别占总收入:氮93.70%与92.37%,磷98.77%与99.09%;初始水层与虾苗含氮共占总收入6.30%与7.63%,磷共占1.23%与0.91%。总水层(含排污水)氮磷分别占总输出:氮56.45%与59.86%,磷53.26%与55.79%;收获虾体氮磷分别占总输出:氮37.07%与31.94%,磷21.37%与13.11%。7号池饲料转化率较高;池水渗漏与吸附等共损失氮磷分别占总输出:氮7.00%与9.34%,磷25.37%与31.10%。实验结果表明,虾池以低频率运转循环水处理系统联用池内设施可有效控制水质与虾病,具较高饲料转化率。 相似文献
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海蜇池塘养殖技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
详细研究了海蜇养殖池塘改造、苗种放养密度、饵料培植、水质管理等技术，为当前国内虾池综合利用探索了新途径；提出了大水面海蜇养殖的基础设施要求，在苗种放养密度、肥料施用及进排水管理方面提出了确切的操作要点。 相似文献
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基于物联网和GIS的水产养殖测控系统平台设计 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对水产养殖水质多参数监测的需求和现有水质环境监测系统存在的问题,设计了一种基于物联网和地理信息系统(GIS)的水产养殖测控系统。通过整体性能的研究分析,设计了测控系统平台的3层体系架构(传感控制层、传输层和应用层),提出了自顶向下、逐步求精以及模块化、结构化的设计方法;根据采集数据传输的可靠性、稳定性等要求,提出WiFi网状组网的配置方法,设计了系统硬件的供电模块;研究了本地服务器、中心服务器和控制模块软件系统;通过网络丢包率测试和水质溶氧量分析,验证了系统数据传输的可靠性,并在溶氧超出范围后自动控制增氧机,有效地调节池塘溶氧量。相比于传统的水产养殖远程监控系统,该系统通过物联网和GIS技术的融合,实现了水质环境的远程无线测控和区域化水产养殖管理,因此能够大大推进水产养殖智能化、自动化系统建设的发展,适应水产养殖的需要。 相似文献
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血鹦鹉的池塘养殖试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究池塘养殖鹦鹉鱼(Cichlasoma synspilum×C.citrine)的可行性及其经济效益,以1~2cm体长的鹦鹉鱼幼苗为试验对象,在天祥水产公司一0.53hm2池塘,投放10万尾鱼苗,进行为期3个月的池塘养殖试验。通过对血鹦鹉的日常管理包括饵料投喂、水质调控,探究其池塘养殖过程中常见问题和解决方法,为规模化池塘养殖血鹦鹉探寻一条可行的道路。结果表明,池塘养殖血鹦鹉鱼类不仅能实现天津地区有限土地资源的最大利用化,而且也能降低养殖成本,实现利益的最大化。 相似文献
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Anne Mokoro Elijah Oyoo‐Okoth Charles C. Ngugi James Njiru Joseph Rasowo Victoria Chepkirui‐Boit David Manguya‐Lusega 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(10):1672-1684
We evaluated the effect of varying cage stocking density (60, 90 and 120 fish m?3) and feeding duration (10, 30 and 60 min) in a cage‐cum‐pond‐integrated system on growth performance, water quality and economic benefits in Labeo victorianus culture. Interactions between stocking density and feeding duration significantly (P < 0.05) affected the fish growth performance and yields in the cages‐cum‐pond system. Stocking density of 60 fish m?3 resulted in the highest growth in cages and in ponds regardless of the feeding duration, but produced lower yields than at stocking density 90 fish m?3. The lowest Apparent Food Conversion Ratio (AFCR) in cages occurred at stocking density of 60 fish m?3 and feeding duration of 30 min. Growth performance in the open ponds declined with increased feeding duration of the caged fish. Survival in cages and in the open ponds decreased with increased cage density, but was not affected by feeding duration. Low dissolved oxygen were recorded, at stocking density of 120 fish m?3, the lowest DO occurred when feeding of caged fish lasted 60 min. Growth performance, water quality and economic benefits in Labeo victorianus culture positively respond to interaction between stocking density and feeding durations. 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3-4):17-44
Abstract One of the most important issues concerning fish-pond fertilization is the determination of the optimal amount of fertilizer to be applied to the pond system. Another important concern is the suitability of fish species for polyculture in order to optimize production. The dynamics of nutrients, phytoplankton, and fish is a complex subject and practitioners are often compelled to formulate solutions without detailed scientific and practical consideration. The primary objective of pond fertilization is to maintain an optimal nutrient concentration for sustained biological production. Current fertilization practices in the Asia-Pacific region include: a fixed rate of fertilization and fertilization based on water color. Individual pond ecology determines how fertilization affects pond productivity, not the pond's physical location in relation to international borders. There is no universal recipe of “maximal” fertilization rates due to pond-specific variability. There is also no clear guide in the literature with regard to many aspects of fish-food; the type of organisms consumed, mechanisms of food consumption, and the digestibility and nutritive value of plankton. The usual practice is to divide fish according to their foraging in natural habitats; feeding on phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoo benthos, or detritus. The distinction between different feeding habits is not always absolute as many species of fish may change food preference depending on the abundance of different food items. This paper reviews the nutrient (nitrogen, N and phosphorus, P) management in regard to pond fertilization; use of organic and inorganic fertilizer and the impacts on fish production; use of organic fertilizer from different organisms (pig, cow and buffalo) and their interactions with primary production and water quality; optimum N:P concentration in pond water; and individual pond factors and their influence on fish production. A significant interaction was evident with time between water quality variables such as pH and alkalinity, and other factors, including manure type and fish species composition. This was reflected in the difference between pig and cow manure treatments. A significant interaction between species composition and fish production has been demonstrated. Fish survival and biomass production was influenced by the stocking ratio of the: rohu, Labeo rohita; mrigal, Cirrhinus mrigala; and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. The recommended nutrient level for pond fertilization based on the South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) and Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1 (RIA#1) study is 1 ppm N:0.5 ppm P. The required quantity of fertilizer varies significantly with time. However, regional research is highly recommended to optimize fish production focusing on significant climate variability, which affects both primary and secondary production. 相似文献