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In recent years, the use of in-feed antibiotics for growth and disease prevention in livestock production has been under severe scrutiny. The use and misuse of in-feed antibiotics has led to problems with drug residues in animal products and increased bacterial resistance. Chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) have attracted considerable attention as an alternative to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. Oral administration of IgY possesses many advantages over mammalian IgG such as cost-effectiveness, convenience and high yield. This review presents an overview of the potential to use IgY immunotherapy for the prevention and treatment of swine diarrhea diseases and speculates on the future of IgY technology. Included are a review of the potential applications of IgY in the control of enteric infections of either bacterial or viral origin such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., rotavirus, porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Some potential obstacles to the adoption of IgY technology are also discussed. 相似文献
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猪腹泻是全球养猪生产中最常见的疾病之一,病毒性腹泻具有传播快、致死率高和防控难的特点。常见的引起仔猪腹泻的病毒包括猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)和猪轮状病毒(PoRV),近几年新发现的猪δ冠状病毒(PDCoV)、猪嵴病毒(PKV)和猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒(SADS-CoV)也与仔猪腹泻相关。病毒分离是病毒感染诊断的金标准,也是进行病毒研究的前提。对上述6种常见猪肠道病毒的分离进展进行综述,可为掌握这些病毒的分离情况、疾病发展动向监测、疫苗研发以及猪腹泻病的防控提供参考。 相似文献
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猪流行性腹泻防控关键技术 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(11):109-112
介绍了猪流行性腹泻病毒（porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV）的病原学特征,提出了针对猪流行性腹泻（porcine epidemic diarrhea,PED）防控的有效措施及关键技术,以期为生猪养殖场在寒冷季节科学预防PED的发生和流行提供参考。 相似文献
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IgY在免疫检测及治疗中的应用进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卵黄抗体(IgY)是存在于卵黄中的免疫球蛋白,是鸟类、爬行动物和两栖类动物体内的主要抗体,具有强大的免疫功能。论文介绍了卵黄抗体的分子结构和理化特性,综述了IgY在寄生虫(弓形虫、血吸虫、球虫)、细菌(肠产毒素大肠埃希菌)、病毒(B型流感病毒、狂犬病病毒)等病原检测、抗生素(卡那霉素、庆大霉素)残留检测及相关疾病如雏鸡球虫病、猪大肠杆菌病、鳗鱼弧菌和利斯顿氏菌病、轮状病毒病治疗中的应用,并指出目前IgY应用中存在的诸如可能存在禽类未知病原、尚无生产标准规程以及稳定性不够理想等问题。因卵黄抗体具有安全、高效、无公害的特点,其在疫病检测和防治中具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2016,(1)
Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide a wide variety of health benefits to the host when ingested in adequate amounts.The bacterial strains most frequently used as probiotic agents are lactic acid bacteria,such as Lactobacillus reuteri,which is one of the few endogenous Lactobacillus species found in the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates,including humans,rats,pigs and chickens.L reuteri is one of the most well documented probiotic species and has been widely utilized as a probiotic in humans and animals for many years.Initially,L reuteri was used in humans to reduce the incidence and the severity of diarrhea,prevent colic and necrotic enterocolitis,and maintain a functional mucosal barrier.As interest in alternatives to in-feed antibiotics has grown in recent years,some evidence has emerged that probiotics may promote growth,improve the efficiency of feed utilization,prevent diarrhea,and regulate the immune system in pigs.In this review,the characteristics of L reuteri are described,in order to update the evidence on the efficacy of using L.reuteri in pigs. 相似文献
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卵黄抗体（immunoglobulin of yolk,IgY）是指从免疫禽蛋中提取出的针对特定抗原的抗体,是存在于卵黄中的最主要免疫球蛋白,具有化学性质稳定、产量高、成本低、特异性强且无任何毒副作用等特点;且由于动物种系发生距离远,不会发生交叉血清学反应。IgY在动物及人的疾病防制中具有显著优势。作者对IgY的结构特点、理化性质、作用机理及其在各类动物疾病防制方面的应用及发展前景进行了综述,尤其是在动物疾病的治疗方面,如治疗畜禽腹泻及烈性、急性、危害性大的病毒疫病;治疗人类疾病特别是严重危害人类财产安全的人畜共患病;其他方面如水产、皮毛动物等重大疾病。IgY在有效治疗动物疫病的同时,也减少了人畜共患病的可能,从人身安全方面考虑,也必将具有重大发展前景。 相似文献
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Immunoglobulin of yolk (IgY) refers to the specific antibodies from the immune eggs, is the most important immunoglobulin in the yolk,which has the characteristics of stable chemical properties, high yield, low cost, high specificity and no toxic side effects, there was no cross serological reaction among animals breeds because of a long distance. IgY has a significant advantage in animal and human disease prevention and treatment. In this research,we reviewed the application of structural characteristics, physicochemical property and action mechanism of IgY in prevention treatment of animal disease and developing prospect, especially in the treatment of animal diseases, such as diarrhea and acute treatment of animal spirit, harm, large virus disease; zoonosis seriously endanger the safety of human property; Other aspects such as aquaculture, animal fur and other major diseases. IgY could effectively prevent and treat animal diseases, but also reduce the possibility of zoonosis, which will be of great significance for the protection of personal safety. 相似文献
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猪场新生仔猪流行性腹泻防控措施 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
猪流行性腹泻主要侵害仔猪,尤其是7日龄以内的仔猪,发病率和病死率极高,严重影响养猪业的发展。文章分析了猪流行性腹泻的流行特点、防控难点及针对性防控措施。 相似文献
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CRISPR/Cas系统是一种存在于古生菌和细菌中重要的适应性免疫系统,CRISPR/Cas9技术可以实现对特定基因序列进行编辑,目前已经成为应用最广泛的基因编辑工具,利用其可以实现对病毒进行基因改造或解析宿主与病毒相互作用,优化疫苗生产和抗病毒动物分子育种等。猪作为我国最重要的食品动物,在国民经济和社会稳定中发挥着重要角色。非洲猪瘟疫情的暴发,使猪病毒性疾病成我国养猪业面临的主要问题,现总结了CRISPR/Cas9技术在猪常见病毒性疾病防控中应用,为猪病毒性疾病防控提供参考。 相似文献
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细菌性肠道感染是畜禽养殖过程中的常见疾病，易引起畜禽采食量下降、生产性能降低等问题，严重者甚至造成死亡。在养殖过程中多采用抗生素对其进行治疗，但由于抗生素长期大量使用，特别是不合理使用，使药物残留和细菌耐药性问题日益凸显。因此，发展安全可靠的抗生素替代品已然成为当今畜牧行业的研究热点。卵黄抗体（egg yolk immunoglobulins，IgY）是通过免疫接种产蛋鸡后，在蛋黄中表达的一种免疫球蛋白，可用于相应疾病的预防和治疗。IgY具有产量大、性质稳定、安全高效等诸多优点，目前IgY作为抗生素替代品已被广泛用于畜禽养殖过程中，并取得了显著的效果。文章介绍了IgY的分子结构、理化性质和作用机理，总结并比较了5种IgY提取方法的去脂率、抗体效价、总蛋白含量等指标，最后详细介绍了IgY在防治畜禽常见细菌性感染中的研究现状和应用前景，以期为IgY的高效生产及疾病防治提供研究依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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为了解在非洲猪瘟背景下山东聊城附近规模化养猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（PRRS）、猪流行性腹泻（PED）、猪瘟（CSF）、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型（PCV-2）感染和猪伪狂犬病（PR）等重要疫病感染情况及其免疫抗体保护状况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验对聊城附近的6个规模化养猪场的血液样品进行检测和分析。结果发现,PCV-2、PRRSV、CSFV、PRV-gB、PRV-gE的总体抗体阳性率分别为69.64%、87.76%、74.17%、87.10%、77.04%。由该试验结果可以得出,PCV-2、PRRSV、CSFV、PRV-gB的抗体阳性率与往年相比有上升的趋势,说明猪场已经开始重视疫苗防疫。但PRV-gE阳性率达到70%以上,PRV野毒感染仍存在较大隐患,需要引起重视。 相似文献
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Concentrations of carbadox and a first metabolite, desoxycarbadox, were measured in contents of the porcine gastrointestinal tract after in-feed administration of carbadox in therapeutic dosages (100-150 ppm). The levels of carbadox in the relevant parts of the gastrointestinal tract were found to be lower than the MIC-values reported for enteropathogenic microorganisms at their sites of action. The presented observations do not provide a pharmacological rationale for the therapeutic use of carbadox in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhoea in swine. The carbadox levels encountered in the proximal part of the gut (stomach, duodenum) however, seem to indicate that in-feed administration of 50 ppm carbadox can provide an effective prophylaxis against Treponema hyodysenteriae, a causative agent in swine dysentery. The timecourse of the blood levels of carbadox and desoxycarbadox after in-feed administration of carbadox (50 ppm) and the concentration profiles in the gastrointestinal tract are discussed with regard to the disposition of this drug in pigs. 相似文献
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Philip A Thacker 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,(2):115-126
In the past two decades, an intensive amount of research has been focused on the development of alternatives to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. The most widely researched alternatives include probiotics, prebiotics, acidiflers, plant extracts and neutraceuticals such as copper and zinc. Since these additives have been more than adequately covered in previous reviews, the focus of this review will be on less traditional alternatives. The potential of antimicrobial peptides, clay minerals, egg yolk antibodies, essential oils, eucalyptus oil-medium chain fatty acids, rare earth elements and recombinant enzymes are discussed. Based on a thorough review of the literature, it is evident that a long and growing list of compounds exist which have been tested for their ability to replace antibiotics as feed additives in diets fed to swine. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these compounds produce inconsistent results and rarely equal antibiotics in their effectiveness. Therefore, it would appear that research is still needed in this area and that the perfect alternative to antibiotics does not yet exist. 相似文献
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Philip A Thacker 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(1):35
In the past two decades, an intensive amount of research has been focused on the development of alternatives to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. The most widely researched alternatives include probiotics, prebiotics, acidifiers, plant extracts and neutraceuticals such as copper and zinc. Since these additives have been more than adequately covered in previous reviews, the focus of this review will be on less traditional alternatives. The potential of antimicrobial peptides, clay minerals, egg yolk antibodies, essential oils, eucalyptus oil-medium chain fatty acids, rare earth elements and recombinant enzymes are discussed. Based on a thorough review of the literature, it is evident that a long and growing list of compounds exist which have been tested for their ability to replace antibiotics as feed additives in diets fed to swine. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these compounds produce inconsistent results and rarely equal antibiotics in their effectiveness. Therefore, it would appear that research is still needed in this area and that the perfect alternative to antibiotics does not yet exist. 相似文献
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为了解2018年广西猪群重要疫病流行情况,试验采集广西各地的病死猪组织样品及病猪腹泻拭子,应用多重实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）,应用多重实时荧光定量PCR检测猪伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）、猪圆环病毒1型（PCV1）、猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）及猪圆环病毒3型（PCV3）,应用多重RT-PCR检测猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）、猪德尔塔冠状病毒（PDCoV）、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）和猪轮状病毒（PRoV）。结果显示,所检测的694份组织样品中,CSFV、PRRSV、HP-PRRSV、PRV、PCV1、PCV2、PCV3的阳性率分别为11.10%、18.88%、7.20%、5.19%、2.45%、67.00%和5.76%;2种病原混合感染率为41.21%,3种病原混合感染率为4.32%,其中PRRSV和PCV2混合感染率最高。所检测的792份肠内容物及拭子腹泻样品中,PEDV、PDCoV、TGEV、PRoV的阳性率分别为9.72%、5.81%、1.77%和6.31%;2种病原混合感染率为5.30%,其中PEDV和PRoV混合感染率最高。结果表明,当前多种重要病毒性疫病仍在广西猪群发生和流行,并且多重感染普遍存在,应进一步加强监测和防控。 相似文献