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Meiser H Hagedorn HW Schulz R 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2000,113(3):108-111
Pyrogallol (1, 2, 3-trihydroxybenzene), the decomposition product of hydrolysable tannins in oak bark, leaves and acorns, is suspected to be poisonous to animals. The aim of our investigations was to correlate clinical signs and pathological findings with pyrogallol concentrations in organs of poisoned and healthy animals. In a field study, pyrogallol concentrations were determined in liver, kidney, and rumen from seven cattle. In a herd of twelve cows, five animals suffered from hemorrhagic diarrhea, anorexia, weakness, rumen stasis, dyspnoea, and colic symptoms. Death was observed in five cows within five weeks after repeated intake of green acorns and oak leaves. Toxicological analyses of rumen content, liver, and kidney specimens of one cattle confirmed the suspicion of pyrogallol contamination. In this animal, values ranged from 6 to 13 ng pyrogallol per gram specimen. In control cattle, concentrations were clearly lower than in perished cattle. Under antioxidative work-up conditions, detection limit was 0.6 ng/g in rumen content and 1.0 ng/g in liver and kidney, respectively. 相似文献
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An outbreak of diarrhea and neurological disease in California racing pigeons caused by avian paramyxovirus type 1 (PMV-1) is documented. Predominant clinical signs were polydipsia, ataxia, poor balance, torticollis, head tremors, inability to fly, and diarrhea that was unresponsive to therapy. Gross pathologic findings were often unremarkable or non-specific. The predominant histologic lesions were interstitial nephritis, chronic tubular necrosis, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration within the kidney, liver, and pancreas, and focal non-suppurative encephalitis. Pigeons from 20 submissions demonstrated characteristic clinical signs of PMV-1 infection. Pigeons from 17 submissions exhibited typical histopathology. Serologic evidence of PMV-1 infection was present in pigeons from 13 submissions, and PMV-1 was isolated from pigeons received in six submissions. None of these pigeons had been vaccinated against PMV-1. 相似文献
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间接荧光抗体法快速诊断海兰褐蛋鸡J亚群禽白血病的研究 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
某地区海兰褐蛋鸡发生肿瘤性传染病，经临床症状和病理学检查，在肝、脾、肾、卵巢、输卵管、肺、骨髓、腺胃、肠道等可见胞浆内充满球形嗜酸性颗粒的骨髓瘤细胞，呈灶状或弥漫性的分布。该变化是禽骨髓细胞瘤病病理学的特征性变化，具有证病意义。经用特异性抗J亚群白血病病毒囊膜蛋白gp85的单克隆抗体的免疫组化方法，在病料组织切片上检出病毒抗原，从而确诊为蛋鸡J亚群禽白血病。本研究是尝试用间接荧光抗体法来快速诊断该病。采用特异性抗J亚群禽白血病病毒囊膜蛋白gp85单克隆对组织触片作间接荧光抗体试验，检测J亚群禽白血病病毒抗原。在骨髓、食管、肌肉、输卵管、肾都出现了范围广而且很明亮的荧光；肝、肺、脾的荥光较为明亮；心脏的荧光较弱，但清晰可见。表明在病料组织中存在特异性病毒抗原。 相似文献
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Soma LR Uboh CE Guan F Luo Y Teleis D Runbo L Birks EK Tsang DS Habecker P 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2004,27(2):91-98
Plasma and tissue concentrations of clenbuterol (CLB) were determined following oral (p.o.) administration of 1.6 microg/kg twice daily (b.i.d.) for 2 weeks. Horses were administered the last dose on morning of day 15, killed at 0.25, 24, 48, and 72 h post-administration. At 0.25 h, the highest tissue concentrations of CLB were found in the liver (16.21 ng/g), lung (6.48 ng/g), left ventricle (4.99 ng/g), kidney (3.35 ng/g), bronchi (2.56 ng/g), right ventricle (2.08 ng/g), and eye fluids (1.09 ng/g) all of which were higher than that of plasma (1.10 ng/mL). The elimination half-lives (t(1/2k)) for CLB in tissues ranged from 21.2 to 56.3 h, the longest were in the eye fluids (56.9 h), spleen (21.2 h), cerebrum (27.1 h), cerebellum (21.5) and cecum (23.7 h). The t(1/2k) for plasma was 10.9 h. Tissue/plasma ratios of liver (14.7), lung (5.9), left ventricle (4.6), kidney (3.1), bronchi, (2.3) and right ventricle (1.9) were high at 0.25 h and remained elevated up to 72 h. Accumulation and sustained high concentration of CLB relative to plasma in these tissues contributed to the prolonged elimination and the ability to quantify CLB in plasma and urine for a prolonged period. 相似文献
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将禽流感病毒番鸭分离株ZM的感染性鸡胚尿囊液静脉或肌肉接种不同禽类,同时设鸡源JC株对照,以了解毒株的致病特点。结果显示ZM株与同期分离JC株致病能力相当,两毒株均对鸡、鹅、番鸭、鹌鹑和鹧鸪显示了很强的致病能力,致死率50％-100％,死亡禽类的肝、肾、肺、脾、胰腺等多个组织器官均存在严重的损伤。鸽子,肉鸭和绍鸭(除zM株致死一只绍鸭外)均未发生死亡,外观健康。 相似文献
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Effect of immunosuppressive doses of cyclosporine on pancreatic beta cell function in pigs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dean SK Scott H Keogh GW Roberts S Tuch BE 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(11):1501-1506
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether immunosuppressive doses of cyclosporine (CsA) have an adverse effect on the liver, kidney, and pancreatic beta cells of pigs. ANIMALS: 8 juvenile 8-week-old Landrace X Large White crossbred pigs. PROCEDURE: CsA (100 to 140 mg/kg) was administered orally to euglycemic pigs to reach whole blood trough concentrations of approximately 1500 ng/mL. To determine pancreatic beta cell function, plasma C-peptide and insulin concentrations were measured in response to i.v. administration of glucose, glucagon, arginine, and oral administration of glucose. Effects on liver and kidney were determined by monitoring serum measurements of liver function and serum creatinine concentrations, respectively. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of C-peptide were significantly lower in euglycemic CsA-treated pigs, compared with control pigs, following i.v. administration of glucose, glucagon, arginine, and oral administration of glucose. Furthermore, the glucose clearance rate was decreased in euglycemic CsA-treated pigs, compared with control pigs. Serum creatinine concentrations and 4 of 7 serum measurements of liver function were not adversely affected by CsA administration. Serum concentrations of bilirubin and albumin were significantly increased, and serum alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly decreased in CsA-treated pigs, compared with control pigs. Histologic evaluation of liver and kidney sections revealed no pathologic findings in CsA-treated or control pigs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In our study, immunosuppressive doses of CsA caused an impairment of porcine pancreatic beta cell function, but did not have toxic effects on the kidney. However, on the basis of changes in serum bilirubin and albumin concentrations and alanine aminotransferase activity, subclinical toxic effects on the liver did occur when immunosuppressive doses of CsA were administered. 相似文献
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Depletion of the residues of colistin and amoxicillin in Turkeys following simultaneous subcutaneous administration 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
L. Tomasi L. Giovannetti A. Rondolotti G. Della Rocca G. L. Stracciari 《Veterinary research communications》1996,20(2):175-182
The tissue distribution and depletion of colistin and amoxicillin were studied in 84 turkeys dosed subcutaneously on 4 consecutive days with a formulation containing the two drugs at 0.2 ml/kg per day, corresponding to 50 000 IU of colistin sulphate/kg and 20 mg of amoxicillin trihydrate/kg. All the turkeys were killed 1–30 days after the final dose and samples of muscle, liver, kidney and cutaneous-subcutaneous tissues and of the injection site were taken for analysis for colistin and amoxicillin residues. The colistin concentrations in the liver (117.5±26.0 ng/g) and cutaneous-subcutaneous tissue (100.0±35.6 ng/g) were higher than those in kidney (92.0±34.4 ng/g) or muscle (67.5±16.9 ng/g) 1 day after the final dose. The concentration of this drug then increased for 9–14 days, followed by a slow decrease. The antibiotic was still present at low concentrations in the kidneys of all the treated birds and in the livers of two turkeys 30 days after the end of treatment. Amoxicillin concentrations were greatest in muscle (389.2±195.0 ng/g) and at the injection sites (440.3±213.9 ng/g) 1 day after treatment ceased, with a subsequent rapid decline. This drug was undetectable in the livers and kidneys by 10 days after dosing ceased.Abbreviations IU
international units
- i.v.
intravenous 相似文献
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M W Trucksess J L Richard L Stoloff J S McDonald W C Brumley 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(9):1753-1756
Two 600-kg lactating cows were each given a single oral dose (0.5 mg/kg of body weight) of aflatoxin B1 (B1). Samples were obtained at postdosing hours 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 and thereafter every 12 hours for 10 days. Aflatoxicol (Ro), B1, and aflatoxin M1 (M1) were found in the milk, plasma, and RBC of both cows at postdosing hour 1. Maximum concentrations of the toxins were observed at 12 and 60 hours. The ratio of the concentrations for Ro, B1, and M1 was approximately 1:10:100. Both cows had clinical signs of distress at 24 hours; 1 cow died at 60 hours and the other cow recovered within 4 days. In the samples of liver, kidney, urine, bile, and rumen contents of the cow that died, the B1 concentrations were 5.1, 3.3, 4.1, 1.6, and 320 ng/g, respectively, and the M1 concentrations were 4.3, 20, 37, 16, and 8.6 ng/g. The Ro concentrations in the kidney were approximately equal to that of B1; however, liver, urine, bile, and rumen contents concentrations were 0.88, 0.10, 0.36, and 4.9 ng/g, respectively. 相似文献
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Pharmacokinetics and tissue disposition of meloxicam in beef calves after repeated oral administration 
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下载免费PDF全文 J. F. Coetzee R. A. Mosher G. R. Griffith R. Gehring D. E. Anderson B. KuKanich M. Miesner 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2015,38(6):556-562
The objective of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and tissue disposition of meloxicam after repeated oral administration in calves. Thirteen male British × Continental beef calves aged 4 to 6 months and weighing 297–392 kg received 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam per os once daily for 4 days. Plasma meloxicam concentrations were determined in 8 calves over 6 days after first treatment. Calves were randomly assigned to be euthanized at 5, 10, 15 (n = 3/timepoint), and 19 days (n = 4) after final administration. Meloxicam concentrations were determined in plasma (LOQ= 0.025 μg/mL) and muscle, liver, kidney, and fat samples (LOQ = 2 ng/g) after extraction using validated LC–MS–MS methods. The mean (± SD) Cmax, Cmin, and Caverage plasma meloxicam concentrations were 4.52 ± 0.87 μg/mL, 2.95 ± 0.77 μg/mL, and 3.84 ± 0.81 μg/mL, respectively. Mean (± SD) tissue meloxicam concentrations were highest in liver (226.67 ± 118.16 ng/g) and kidney samples (52.73 ± 39.01 ng/g) at 5 days after final treatment. Meloxicam concentrations were below the LOQ in all tissues at 15 days after treatment. These findings suggest that tissue from meloxicam‐treated calves will have low residue concentrations by 21 days after repeated oral administration. 相似文献
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Approximately 200 chickens were found dead after the flooring of a slat-and-litter house was breached. No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Histopathologic examination revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion of the chickens' lungs, hearts, livers, and kidneys. Based on the history and necropsy findings, zinc phosphide exposure was suspected. Diagnosis of zinc phosphide poisoning has previously been based on history of exposure, identification of the bait material in the gastrointestinal tract, and chemical detection of phosphine gas. However, currently available diagnostic methods are nonconfirmatory, and may produce false positive results. The objective of this case report was to determine whether the sudden death described in these chickens was caused by the ingestion of zinc phosphide, by developing a sensitive and highly specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for analysis of the gastrointestinal samples submitted to the laboratory. It was also found that the determination of zinc concentrations in liver or kidney tissue or stomach contents is not a reliable indicator of zinc phosphide poisoning. 相似文献
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腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒强毒株的培育 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用腺胃病变形鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离株IBV－D971株接种1日龄SPF鸡，连续传10年代，培育出了腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎强毒株IBV－D971J株。IBV－D971J10对SPF鸡胚的致病力为10^-6.45ELD50/0.2mL,对1日龄SPF鸡的致病力为10^-1.5LD50/1mL，从死亡鸡的心，肝，脾，肺，肾，腺胃，肌胃，法氏囊等均能分离到IBV，IBV－D971J10不含鸡新城疫，禽流感，鸡马立克氏病，鸡传染性法氏囊炎，网状内皮组绢增殖病等外源病毒，对SPF鸡可引起典型的腺胃炎，肌胃炎，间质性肾炎等是变化。 相似文献
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Rapid solvent extraction combined with a radioimmunoassay using a monoclonal antibody raised against a derivative of zeranol has been used to measure the residues of the anabolic agent zeranol in the edible tissues (muscle, liver, kidney and fat) of cattle treated with Ralgro. Calibration curves, both with and without, tissue extracts exhibit good parallelism. Regression analysis for the extraction of zeranol from tissues dosed with standard amounts of zeranol have correlation coefficients of 0.979, 0.991, 0.986 and 0.985 for muscle, liver, kidney and fat, respectively. The limits of decision defined as the mean value + 3 SD for the concentrations apparently observed (noise) in tissues from animals not treated with Ralgro were 278, 121, 373 and 110 ng/kg for muscle, fat, liver and kidney, respectively. In the tissues of 4 cows implanted with Ralgro (36 mg), and sampled 70 days after implanting, the highest concentration of zeranol in each tissue was 232 ng/kg (muscle), 391 ng/kg (liver), 287 ng/kg (kidney) and 293 ng/kg (fat), and residues were detected in all samples of fat (4), 3 kidney samples and 1 liver sample. 相似文献
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AbstractCASE HISTORY: A Jersey herd of 350 cows and 70 heifers located in the Taranaki region of New Zealand ceased milking in June 2011. Ten cows died during the subsequent 14 days. For at least 9 months, the cows had received palm kernel expeller (PKE) and molasses supplements. Additional Cu supplementation was provided through the water system. Total Cu intake was calculated to be 400?mg/day/cow.CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Half of the cows died suddenly while others presented with anorexia, depression and ataxia, which progressed to recumbency and death after 1 to 3 days. Clinical signs were mild dehydration, cyanosis and firm faeces which were covered in dark blood. Mean concentrations of Cu in liver and kidney in three of the dead cows were 3,900 and 440?µmol/kg fresh weight (FW), respectively. Haemorrhages were observed throughout the alimentary tracts and in muscles, and there were ecchymotic haemorrhages on the epi- and endocardia. The livers were swollen and the gall bladder walls were inflamed.DIAGNOSIS: High concentrations of Cu in the liver and kidney are characteristic findings of chronic Cu toxicity.TREATMENT: The remaining herd was fed 200?mg Mo, as sodium molybdate, per cow per day and all Cu supplements were removed including those provided by the water supply. This reduced mean concentrations of Cu in liver from 3,100 to 1,320?µmol/kg FW within 26 days in the five live animals that were biopsied. There were no further deaths.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In dairy herds where excessive Cu intakes have resulted in high liver Cu concentrations and caused chronic Cu toxicity, the removal of all Cu supplements and provision of high intakes of Mo (200?mg/cow/day) can markedly reduce liver Cu stores within 4 weeks. 相似文献
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陕西眉县土岭马场突发性马流产,主要病理变化为皮下,粘膜及内脏出血,肝脏和肾脏变性坏死。真菌检验:该场各种饲草、饲料及畜体内外环境中黄曲霉出现率为100％,污染率为8.3～100％。黄曲霉毒素B_1测定:1.流产马驹胃肠内容物、马厩暴皿培养及混合饲料中,产生黄曲霉毒素B_1菌株检出率为96.3％;2.混合饲料中黄曲霉毒素B_1含量为250ppb;3.流产马驹肝脏中黄曲霉毒素B_1残留量达60ppb。生物活性测定证实,自饲料与畜体分离的黄曲霉均具有较强烈的病原性与致死性。 相似文献
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The distribution of copper and zinc among the soluble proteins in the liver and kidney from chronic copper-poisoned goats was examined after gel filtration of the proteins. The concentrations of copper in the liver and kidney cortex from five experimentally copper-poisoned goats were: 550–810 µg/g liver and 190–420 µg/g kidney cortex (wet weight). In general the copper-binding proteins from, both the liver and kidney samples were separated into two different fractions with approximate molecular weights (m.w.) of > 65,000 and 10,000, respectively. From the liver samples, varying amounts of copper were eluted in a fourth fraction with m.w. < 2,000. In the majority of kidney samples the dominating copper-binding protein fraction was the high molecular weight fraction. Absolute amounts of copper recovered in the metallothionein-like protein fraction were nearly the samt for all samples investigated. The distribution of zinc-binding proteins in both liver and kidney samples was nearly the same. The high molecular weight fraction dominated, and no zinc was bound to metallothionein-like proteins. 相似文献
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A giant grouper, Epinephelus itajara (Lichtenstein), was found dead in its tank. The principal necropsy findings consisted of multiple tumors in the ventricle of the heart, a tumor mass in the stomach, and protozoa-like organisms in the heart tumor, bile ducts and kidney collecting ducts. The heart tumors were identified as mesotheliomas the stomach tumor as a papilloma. The morphology of the protozoan-like organisms was similar to that of Rhabdospora thelohani (Languesse). 相似文献