共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
利用ISSR分析栗疫病菌群体遗传多样性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术,对中国、日本、意大利及美国等四个栗疫病菌群体的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行了分析。自53个ISSR引物中筛选出11个引物,对以上四个群体的栗疫病菌11个子群体的220个菌株进行扩增,共检测到177个位点,其中多态位点为174个,多态位点百分率（P）为98.31%。11个栗疫病菌子群体的P平均值为20.43%;群体水平的Shannon信息指数（I）和Nei指数（h）分别为0.1769和0.7386;各个子群体I的平均值为0.0943,h的平均值为0.0614。比较表明,中、日、意、美栗疫病菌群体间具有较高的遗传多样性。栗疫病菌群体间的基因分化系数（Gst）为0.7386,其基因流（Nm）为0.1769,11个子群体间的遗传距离平均为0.2289。利用算术平均数的非加权成组配对法（UPGMA）对栗疫病菌11个子群体进行聚类,结果可分为3大类群。 相似文献
2.
中国少鳞鳜不同地理群体遗传变异的AFLP分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
少鳞鳜为东亚特有淡水鱼类,为了解中国少鳞鳜种内不同地理群体的遗传特征,利用AFLP技术对长江、钱塘江、西江、南渡江4个群体共65尾样品的遗传变异进行了分析。10对引物共检测条带1131条,多态性条带603条,平均多态比例为53.32%;而长江、钱塘江、西江、南渡江群体内的多态位点比例、平均基因多样性和Shannon指数均较低。群体间的遗传距离以大陆3群体间较近(0.098～0.189),南渡江群体与其他群体较远(0.507～0.568)。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明群体间存在极显著的差异(FST = 0.972)。NJ聚类关系显示4群体分为两支,一支为大陆群体;一支为南渡江群体。群体内遗传多样性较低可能与中国少鳞鳜为溪涧性鱼类,群体数量不大,基因库贫乏有关,而群体间缺乏基因交流以及遗传漂变导致了不同地理群体间产生了极显著的遗传分化 相似文献
3.
为阐明小尺度范围内濒危物种孑遗植物中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性,保护和恢复种质资源,本文采用ISSR分子标记技术对云南屏边大围山的大围山红旗水库和大围山山谷2个中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明用从100个随机引物中筛选出的20个能高产稳定扩增的ISSR引物对2个群体共57个样品进行扩增,共获得132个可分析位点,其中大围山红旗水库的多态性位点83个,占62.87%,而大围山山谷的多态性位点97个,多态位点百分率（P）为73.48%,两者Nei＇s基因多样性分别为0.2614和0.2832,Shannon＇s信息指数分别为0.3762和0.4135,两个种群的遗传分化系数Gst为0.0701,分析结果表明中华桫椤种群内的遗传多样性较高,但两种群间的遗传分化不明显。本研究结果将对中华桫椤自然群体的保育和管理具有重要意义。 相似文献
4.
利用一对特异性引物MHC 2b-snp-sf和MHC 2b-snp-sr,从广东省3个不同罗非鱼养殖地区（以下分别称高要群体,茂名群体,惠州群体）采集的137尾尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus,GIFT strain）的个体基因组中扩增出长度为775-796 bp的片段。克隆后测序,序列分析结果显示：775-796 bp的核苷酸序列中共检测出62个简约信息位点,49个单碱基突变位点。112个多态位点中,增添/缺失位点34个,转换位点44个,颠换位点33个,另外一个位点既出现转换（C/T）又出现颠换（A/T）。137尾个体的751个阳性克隆的测序结果分析表明,751条序列分属于4个等位基因。其中,等位基因Orni-DAB＊0101在3个群体中所占比例最高（85.2%）。等位基因的分布及群体内遗传多样性参数分析表明：高要、茂名群体遗传多样性较丰富,惠州群体遗传多样性较低。群体间的分化指数（FST值）、平均基因流（Nm）、分子方差分析（AMOVA）和平均K2-P遗传距离均表明3个养殖群体间存在广泛的基因交流,未发生群体间的遗传分化。该研究结果提供了广东地区养殖尼罗罗非鱼MHCⅡB基因的部分遗传信息,为尼罗罗非鱼抗病品系的选育提供理论依据。 相似文献
5.
本文运用AFLP分子标记技术,对江西省4个斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)养殖群体(GZ、XJ、PYA和PYB)进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,在64对引物组合中,E3/M2、E4/M7、E3/M8和E5/M5引物从4个群体72个体中共扩增出179个位点,其中多态位点为109,占60.89%。其中,PYA、GZ、XJ和PYB群体的多态位点比例(P)分别为56.54%、56.47%、56.32%和56.14%。Shannon多样性指数(I)分别为0.2890、0.3003、0.2896和0.2852,平均杂合度(H)分别为0.1935、0.2027、0.1938和0.1898。4个群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.1314,说明群体间发生了一定程度的遗传分化,但分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,群体的遗传变异90.98%来源于群体内的个体间,9.02%来源于群体间。聚类分析也表明,4个群体所产生的遗传分化主要也来源于群体内。本研究为斑点叉尾鮰种质资源的调查和保护提供参考,为斑点叉尾鮰优良品种的选育提供科学依据。 相似文献
6.
用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对泰国产方斑东风螺养殖群体的遗传多样性进行检测,从100个随机引物中筛选出21个引物对方斑东风螺的DNA进行扩增,结果表明:21个引物共检测到222条清晰且重复性好的条带,每个引物可扩增出4~16条带,分子量在200~2200bp之间,其中多态位点为156个,占70.27%;群体的Shannon多样性指数为0.2818,Nei基因多样性指数为0.2491;个体间最大遗传距离为0.291,最小遗传距离为0.066。通过与其他贝类遗传多样性的研究结果比较,可初步判断泰国产方斑东风螺养殖群体的遗传多样性比较丰富。 相似文献
7.
EST-SSR标记对我国斑点叉尾(鲴)种质资源的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用EST-SSRs对福建和湖北的1984年群体(P1984)、福建与辽宁的1997年群体(P1997)、湖南的2004年群体(P2004)和福建的1984年与1997年群体杂交的F.代群体(P8497)等4个斑点叉尾鲴(Ictalurus punctatus)养殖群体的遗传多样性进行了研究.结果表明,有10对引物可扩增出清晰条带,其中9对引物具有多态性,共获得32个等位基因,4个群体的平均等位基因数(A)为3.00～3.40,平均有效等位基因数(Ae)为1.95～2.30,平均观察杂合度(Ho)为0.4768～0.5982,平均期望杂合度(He)为0.4913～0.5695,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.4113～0.4829,群体间的多态性差异不显著,且各群体的遗传多样性处于中等水平.根据群体间遗传相似性系数、遗传距离及UPGMA聚类分析发现,P1997和P2004群体之间的遗传距离最近,P1984和P2004群体之间的遗传距离最远.4个群体有18.75%的位点偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表明群体各位点的基因频率和基因型频率稳定性较好.F-统计检验发现,P2004和P8497处于不同程度的杂合子过剩状态,P1984和P1997处于杂合子缺失状态.群体间分化程度很弱,遗传变异主要来自群体内个体之间. 相似文献
8.
为了解斑鳠(Mystus guttatus)不同地理种群之间的遗传分化程度,基于RAPD技术,分析了珠江水系西江段野生斑鳠的遗传多样性。利用20个随机引物对30个斑鳠个体的基因组DNA进行了PCR扩增,共扩增出3210条DNA片段,平均每个个体扩增出107条带。在检测到的107个位点中,多态位点数为48个,占44.9%,仅有一个引物S30没有扩增出多态带。个体间最大的遗传距离0.2804,最小的遗传距离0.0467,平均遗传距离0.1526±0.037,种群内个体间平均的相似率为84.7±3.7%。 相似文献
9.
吴金节 《农业生物技术学报》2009,17(6):1001-1006
本试验以来自安徽省郎溪县雁鹅原种鹅场的雁鹅为研究材料,应用ISSR技术对雁鹅种群的遗传多样性进行研究。筛选出43个ISSR引物,对94个供试样本进行了扩增,共扩增出216个位点,每条引物扩增出的谱带数在2~7之间,平均为5.0条;多态条带比率在16.67~100%之间,平均为65.60%,材料间遗传距离为0.2～0.45。用不加权算术平均组对法（UPGMA）对94个个体间的关系进行聚类分析,构建了雁鹅种群的遗传系谱图。 相似文献
10.
利用14对蓝孔雀(Pavo cristatus)和绿孔雀(P.muticus)的微卫星标记对白孔雀基因组DNA进行扩增,发现都能扩增出特异性条带,每对引物扩增的平均等位基因数为1.71,有7对引物具有较丰富的多态性,其中MCW0080和MCW0098标记期望杂合度分别为0.7207和0.7571,多态信息含量分别为0.658和0.695,表现出丰富的遗传多样性和较高的选择潜力。白孔雀×蓝孔雀和绿孔雀群体的遗传多样性分析结果表明,白孔雀、绿孔雀和蓝孔雀3个群体的杂合度和遗传多样性水平都很低,期望杂合度分别为0.2579、0.2482和0.2744,群体间的遗传分化系数为9.7%,群体间分化极显著(P<0.001),白孔雀与蓝孔雀的亲缘关系最近,Reynolds'遗传距离和基因流分别为0.0295和8.6112,表明白孔雀不是蓝孔雀一个亚种。 相似文献
11.
摘 要：利用ISSR分子标记对我国44个棉花栽培品种（拟似为6个群体）进行遗传多样性分析。筛选出的11个引物在所有品种中共扩增出90条带,其中70条为多态性条带,多态性条带百分率(PPB)达76.1%,Popgene32软件分析结果表明,新疆种群的遗传多样性水平最高(PPL=91.43%,H=0.3769,I=0.5464),其次是中棉种群、河南种群,而河北、山东、山西3个种群的遗传多样性水平相差较小,6个棉花种群在其总的遗传变异中有82.42%的存在于群体内,群体间的遗传变异仅占总变异的17.58%,群体分化系数Gst=0.1759,群体间总的基因流的估算值Nm=2.34。由聚类分析可知,山西、山东、河北种群的亲缘关系最近,先聚合在一起,然后依次与河南、中棉所种群聚类,最后与亲缘关系最远的新疆种群聚合。 相似文献
12.
细鳞鱼三个野生种群的遗传多样性AFLP分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
细鳞鱼是我国一种珍贵的淡水经济鱼类,在人类和环境因素的影响下数量急剧下降。本文采用扩增片段长度多态性（Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, AFLP）技术对牡丹江（Mudanjiang River, MD）、鸭绿江（Yalujiang River, YL）和乌苏里江（Wusuli River, WSL）的三个细鳞鱼野生种群共72个个体进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示,12对选择性扩增引物共扩增得到559个位点,其中多态性位点541个,多态性百分比为96.78％。文中对3个群体的Shannon多样性指数,Nei氏基因多样性等参数进行了分析。其总基因多样性Ht平均值为0.3512±0.0208;种群内基因多样性Hs平均值为0.2137±0.0152;群体间的基因多样性Dst为0.1375。基因分化系数Gst为0.3914,种群内的基因多样性占总群体的60.85%,种群间为39.15%,而基因流系数Nm 为0.7776。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明：群体平均遗传分化系数Fst为0.55336,变异来源有44.84%来自群体间,55.16%来自群体内。三个群体中牡丹江群体的细鳞鱼种内多态性比例最高,而乌苏里江群体最低。 相似文献
13.
Bo Tian Han-Qi Yang Khoon-Meng Wong Ai-Zhong Liu Zhen-Yuan Ruan 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(5):901-908
Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro is a high-value woody bamboo widely grown in Southeast Asia and China’s Yunnan Province. We investigated its genetic diversity in Yunnan as a prelude to considering effective breeding programs and the protection of germplasm resources. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to assess the genetic structure and differentiation of seven populations. Seven ISSR primers generated 140 bands, of which 124 were polymorphic (88.57%). Genetic diversity within populations was relatively low, averaging 11.33% polymorphic bands (PPB), while diversity was considerably higher among populations, with PPB = 88.57%. Greater genetic differentiation was detected among populations (G ST = 0.8474). We grouped these seven populations into two clusters within an UPGMA dendrogram—one comprised the Xinping and Shiping populations from central Yunnan, the other included the remaining five populations. Mantel tests indicated no significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among populations. Breeding system characteristics, genetic drift, and limited gene flow (N m = 0.0901) might be important factors for explaining this differentiation. Based on the overall high genetic diversity and differentiation among D. giganteus populations in Yunnan, we suggest the implementation of in situ conservation measures for all populations and sufficient sampling for ex situ conservation collections. 相似文献
14.
湖南典型茶树地理种群遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用RAPD分子标记技术,对湖南典型茶树安化云台山种(Camellia sinensis var.sinensis)、城步峒茶(C.sinensis var.assamica cv.Duntsa)、汝城白毛茶(C.ptilophylla)和江华苦茶(C.sinensis var.assamica cv.Jianghua)4个地理种群的240个单株的遗传多样性、种群内和种群间的遗传变异进行了研究。结果表明,21个10碱基随机引物共检测到226条谱带,其中多态性谱带为201条,占88.9%。遗传多样性分析结果显示:Shannon's多样性指数为0.43,种群内变异占74.7%,而种群间变异占25.3%;Nei's指数群体总基因多样性(HT)为0.37,群体内平均基因多样性(HS)为0.28,群体间的基因多样性(HST)为0.09,群体Nei's基因分化系数(GST)为0.23,说明76.7%的变异存在于种群间,群体内的变异占了总变异的23.3%,与Shannon's多样性指数相比基本一致,均表明种群内有较丰富的遗传变异;种群间的基因流(Nm)为0.74,显示种群间的基因交流有限。 相似文献
15.
There is a need to understand whether weed genetic diversity is the same among different populations, especially between those
exposed to herbicide selection and other without exposure history. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) were used to assess
level and patterns of genetic diversity in wild Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss. populations. A total of 93 plants from 24 wild populations in China were analysed by eight primers resulting
in 86 highly reproducible ISSR bands. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) with distances among individuals corrected
for the dominant nature of ISSRs showed that most of the variation (54.09%) occurred among populations, and the remaining
45.91% variance was attributed to differences among individuals within populations. The high differentiation was, perhaps,
due to limited gene flow (Nm < 1.0) of this species. Though highest gene diversity was observed in resistant B. juncea population, the overall distribution of diversity across China was not geographic dependent. High F
ST value (0.541) corroborated AMOVA partitioning and provided significant evidence for population differentiation in wild B. juncea. UPGMA cluster analyses, based on Nei’s genetic distance, revealed grouping pattern geographically. Based on these results,
the factors affect weed population genetic diversity and implication for herbicide resistance evolution were discussed in
the context of transgenic crops advent and increasing herbicide usage in China. 相似文献
16.
雁鹅遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以安徽省郎溪县雁鹅原种鹅场的雁鹅(Anser)为研究材料,应用ISSR技术对种群的遗传多样性进行研究.筛选出43个ISSR引物,对94个供试样本进行了扩增,共扩增出216个位点,每条引物扩增出的谱带数在2～7之间,平均为5.0条;多态谱带比率在16.67%～100%之间,平均为65.60%,材料间遗传距离为0.2～0.45.用不加权算术平均组对法(UPGMA)构建了雁鹅种群的遗传系谱,结果94个个体可分为3大类群,第1类群由1个个体组成,第2类群由6个个体组成,第3类群由87个个体组成. 相似文献
17.
Miao-Miao Li Yu-Liang Cai Zeng-Qiang Qian Gui-Fang Zhao 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(4):455-464
In this study, the genetic diversity and differentiation of 10 natural Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl. populations were investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Totally, 18 selected primers generated
150 loci, with an average of 8.33 bands per primer. The results showed that the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was pretty low at the population level (PPB = 1.13–32%), but relatively high at the species level (PPB = 84%). Besides, a high level of genetic differentiation among populations was detected based on the gene differentiation
coefficient (G
ST = 0.7118) and the hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) (Φ
ST = 64.53%, P < 0.001), in line with the low inter-population gene flow (N
m = 0.2025). Moreover, Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances among the populations
(r = 0.5272, P < 0.005). The high level of intraspecific genetic diversity was probably related with its life history traits, while its
small population size and the resultant high levels of genetic drift and inbreeding might explain the low genetic diversity
within populations. The relatively high inter-population genetic differentiation was largely attributed to its small population
size, habitat fragmentation, the mode of pollen and seed dispersal, and geographic isolation. Based on the present study,
conservation strategies were proposed to preserve this valuable natural germplasm resource. 相似文献
18.
Yang Yang Yuezhi Pan Xun Gong Moutian Fan 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(8):1239-1248
Citrus hongheensis is a critically endangered species endemic to the Honghe river region in southeastern Yunnan, China. Its genetic diversity
and differentiation were investigated using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. One hundred primers were screened,
and a total of 245 loci were amplified from seven natural populations by 13 informative and reliable primers. Of these 245
ISSR loci, 233 were polymorphic and the detected variations revealed a relatively high level of intraspecific genetic diversity.
At the population level, the mean percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB) was 36.50%, while the average expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon diversity index (Ho) were 0.1327 and 0.1972, respectively. At the species level (across all populations), PPB was 95.10%, while He and Ho were 0.3520 and 0.5195, respectively. A high Gst value (0.6247) indicated that there is significant differentiation among populations, which was confirmed by AMOVA analysis
(Φst = 0.6420). Pairwise genetic identity (I) values among populations ranged from 0.6341 to 0.7675, with a mean of 0.7008. We propose that the high level of genetic
differentiation may be the result of habitat fragmentation and limited gene flow (Nm = 0.1502). For effective in situ conservation and population restoration of C. hongheensis it will be important to maintain historical processes, including high outbreeding rates, sufficient gene flow, and large
effective population sizes. 相似文献
19.
Zhi Gang Wu Xiao Xia Li Xin Chun Lin Wu Jiang Zheng Ming Tao Nitin Mantri Chuan Yin Fan Xiao Qing Bao 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(3):639-650
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is widely cultivated in China and many landraces are maintained by local farmers. However, there is little information available about their diversity and species identity. In this study, inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) techniques were used to assess genetic diversity within 21 yam landraces from seven cultivated populations. We observed high level of polymorphism among these landraces, specifically, 95.3 % for ISSR and 93.5 % for SRAP. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a significantly greater variation among the four yam species (40.39 %) and their populations (35.78 %) than within the populations (23.83 %). The unweighted pair group method arithmetic averages clusters and principal component analysis for 21 landraces formed four well-separated groups containing landraces of each of the four species, namely, Dioscorea opposita Thunb., Dioscorea alata L., Dioscorea persimilis Prain et Burkill, and Dioscorea fordii Prain et Burkill. The ISSR and SRAP primers were highly discriminatory among the 21 landraces; all 21 landraces could be easily differentiated using these primers. The average mean of gene flow (Nm = 0.1081) estimated from high genetic differentiation (Gst = 0.8222) suggested that gene flow among the populations was relatively restricted. The lack of genetic diversity within individual yam species suggests that it is critical to develop long-term strategies for enhancing genetic diversity within various yam species. 相似文献