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1.
利用拖拉机排气余热能够有效降低燃油消耗,其中基于有机朗肯循环(Organic Rankine Cycle, ORC)的余热能量转换效率最高。该研究根据拖拉机实际空间尺寸,试制了一种板翅式蒸发器用以回收柴油机排气余热。基于移动边界法建立排气与工质对流传热数值模型,结合台架试验数据验证模型有效性,并定量分析了柴油机全工况下蒸发器热力性能。为提高蒸发器传热量和适用范围,采用CFD仿真和BP神经网络进一步分析非设计工况时蒸发器传热特性,并对结构与工质参数进行优化。结果表明:1)蒸发器热力性能随转速和负载增大而提高,最大传热量为69.89 kW,在中低转速负载工况下,蒸发器出现传热不稳定现象;2)增加接管倒角和改变翅片形状,在蒸发器尺寸不变条件下传热量可提高5.2%,传热面积增大0.19m~2;3)通过优化流道、工质流量和进口温度,能够改善中低负载工况热力性能,如柴油机1 500 r/min时,工质流量可在0.03～0.08 kg/s范围变化,最大传热量可达19.46 kW。研究结果可为蒸发器实际应用于拖拉机及与柴油机工况匹配提供参考。 相似文献
2.
生物质热解固体热载体高温烟气加热装置设计与试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
固体热载体加热生物质是生物质热解制取生物油的工艺手段之一。为解决固体热载体间接加热方式升温慢、效率低问题,设计了一种流化床生物质燃烧的热烟气直接加热固体热载体装置,分析了其结构与原理,开展了固体热载体升温性能和流化床燃烧器的燃烧特性试验研究,并对试验结果进行了热平衡分析。结果表明:流化床高温烟气加热陶瓷球热载体的平均热能利用率为66.3%,流化床燃烧生物质粉产生的高温烟气能够满足热载体加热装置对热源的需求,热载体加热器内的热量传递方式主要是对流换热。陶瓷球热载体与加热器内高温烟气的对流传热系数为475 W/(m~2·℃)。研究对结果对解决生物质热解液化技术中的固体热载体加热升温关键问题具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
3.
换热器微细通道纳米流体沸腾混沌特征与强化传热的关系 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
为探究微细通道内纳米流体流动沸腾系统的传热性能、非线性特性及其相互关系,分别以质量分数为0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%和0.30%的Al2O3/R141b纳米流体和R141b纯制冷剂为试验工质,在2 mm×2 mm的矩形微细通道内进行流动沸腾试验,计算得到了不同浓度纳米流体的沸腾传热系数,建立了试验段进出口压差时间序列,运用Hurst指数分析、关联维数、最大Lyapunov数和Kolmogorov熵研究了该时间序列的非线性特征,并比较其与传热系数之间的关系,结果表明:相比纯制冷剂,纳米流体流动沸腾系统的混沌程度更强,传热性能也更好;纳米流体的混沌程度随着浓度的升高先增强后减弱,其沸腾传热系数也随着浓度的升高先增加后减小,试验工况下质量分数为0.1%的纳米流体的各项非线性特征量均达到最大值,混沌程度最强,相应的沸腾传热系数也为最大,其平均沸腾传热系数可达4.25 k W/(m~2·K),而纯制冷剂仅为2.42 k W/(m~2·K)。该文采用非线性分析与试验相结合的方法,更能准确描述微细通道沸腾系统的动力学特征,可为进一步研究微细通道纳米流体相变强化传热机理提供参考。 相似文献
4.
为了研究实际工况下全玻璃真空管太阳能集热器系统的动态供暖性能,通过试验研究和理论分析得出了储热水箱总热损系数、太阳能集热器阵列集热效率的回归方程以及系统太阳能利用率的计算公式,结果表明:2015年11月24日至2015年12月5日,储热水箱总热损系数为25.82~31.53 W/℃,全玻璃真空管太阳能集热器阵列的集热效率为38%~72%。以2015年11月30日为例,系统的太阳能利用率为37.1%,太阳能集热器所收集的热量仅有54.6%被利用,系统热损过大。通过对比系统供热量和建筑逐时耗热量发现:在供暖期间,系统所提供的热量远大于该段时间的建筑耗热量,特别是在供暖初期,供热量达到了该时段建筑耗热量的10倍以上,供热量和供暖时间过于集中;针对此问题提出了单户太阳能供暖系统运行策略的改进建议。 相似文献
5.
在实验室对径流、泥沙输移过程的研究均是在标准条件下进行的 ,但将其推广到田间或流域中情况通常比较复杂。美国农业部农业学家Truman等人为了比较实验室和田间的差异 ,利用模拟降雨 ,选择 3种不同坡长 (L)对不同时段径流量 (R)和泥沙流失量 (W)进行了研究。方法Ⅰ :L =0 6m ,面积为 0 32m2 的实验室侵蚀槽 ;方法Ⅱ :L =3m ,面积为 5 5m2 的田间微型小区 ;方法Ⅲ :L =4 3m ,面积为 6 0 0m2 的田间中型小区。并分别采用不同的模拟降雨方法 ,对各小区的R、W进行测试。经分析表明 :所有方法中R、W均随时间呈上升趋势 ,从R、W的总量来说 ,方法Ⅱ比方法Ⅰ大 1个数量级 ,方法Ⅲ比方法Ⅱ大 1个数量级。由于泥沙输移在空间上的变化 ,一旦坡长超过临界坡长 ,将产生细沟侵蚀。方法Ⅲ中明显产生细沟侵蚀 ,因此泥沙流失量W相对于方法Ⅰ、Ⅱ大得多 相似文献
6.
在农业工程领域,微细通道散热技术在农产品培育系统、农业机械、农产品干燥系统中有着广泛的应用。通过施加电场可强化微细通道换热系统的传热效率,为探究电场对微细通道内制冷剂流动沸腾阻力的影响,该文采用了2种电极布置方式(针状和线状),以制冷剂R141b为试验工质,在系统压力为140k Pa,工质入口温度32.5℃、质量流率277.35~531.75 kg/(m^2·s)、热流密度7.50~21.49 kW/m^2、电压0~850 V工况下,在截面尺寸为2 mm×2 mm的矩形微细通道内进行流动沸腾试验,探究直流电场对微细通道内R141b流动沸腾压降特性影响。研究结果表明:在本文试验工况下,电场会增大微细通道内的摩擦压降,针状与线状电极电场作用下的微细通道内摩擦压降分量在总压降中所占比例均比无电极作用下的更大;电场作用下单位长度两相摩擦压降随电压、热流密度的增大而增大,针状电极与线状电极电场作用下平均单位长度两相摩擦压降分别比无电极作用下增加0.7%~15.4%和1.3%~18.7%;电压为0~250 V时,针状电极对压降的影响效果大于线状电极,电压大于400 V后,线状电极对压降的影响效果更为显著。通过COMSOL软件对6 mm长微细通道内2种电场的分布进行了模拟,模拟结果表明相同电压作用下,针状电极产生的电场强度最大值超过线性电极,但线状电极的电场有效作用范围超过针状电极。该文研究结果可为通过施加电场提高微细通道换热器的性能实现微细通道高效节能提供新思路。 相似文献
7.
滴灌施肥蔗田土壤氧化亚氮排放与反硝化酶活性的关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
《土壤通报》2020,(1):122-129
对不同滴灌施肥处理下甘蔗不同生育期蔗田土壤氧化亚氮(N2O)排放通量和反硝化酶活性间关系进行了探讨。田间试验设2种滴灌灌水量水平和4种施肥量水平。2种灌水量水平分别为W0.6:180 m3hm-2和W1.0:300 m3hm-2。4种施肥量水平F1.0:N 250 kg hm-2,P2O5150 kg hm-2,K2O 200 kg hm-2;F0.9:施肥量是F1.0的90%;F1.1:施肥量是F1.0的110%;F1.2:施肥量是F1.0的120%。测定不同处理甘蔗4个生育期蔗田土壤N2O排放通量以及土壤硝酸还原酶(NR)、亚硝酸还原酶(Ni R)和羟胺还原酶(Hy R)活性。结果表明:W0.6F1.2和W1.0F1.2处理甘蔗产量较高,分别为117.7 t hm-2和124.0 t hm-2。在分蘖期,所有处理土壤NR、Ni R和Hy R活性均达到最大值,其中W0.6F1.2和W1.0F1.2处理反硝化酶活性较高。采集土样当天蔗田土壤N2O排放通量与土壤Ni R活性之间呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.472(r0.01=0.449,n=32),说明蔗田土壤Ni R活性显著影响N2O的排放通量。因此,W0.6F1.2处理,即滴灌灌水量为180 m3hm-2及施肥量为N 300 kg hm-2、P2O5180 kg hm-2和K2O 240 kg hm-2,在提高产量的同时对蔗田N2O的减排也有积极意义。 相似文献
8.
冬季日光温室北墙内表面热流分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了摸清日光温室墙体内表面上辐射、对流传热分量和向墙体内部的传导热分量的日变化情况,以及墙体内部传导传热热流状况,以指导温室生产有针对性的采取保温措施,采用墙体内及表面空气多点多日连续温度监测,用传热学中平板表面对流换热和物体内部热传导传热计算方法进行分析,研究日光温室北墙表面热量收支和墙体热量流动状况。结果表明,墙体内40-50cm深度存在日温不变层;40cm热流仅4W.m-2左右。传热学计算表明北墙内表面自然对流为湍流状态,对流传热系数在1.69～4.43W.m-2.K-1。墙体内表面晴天白天最大对流换热量为26.5W.m-2,而墙面接受最大辐射热交换69.8W.m-2;墙内表面向墙内传导传热量最高达83.6W.m-2;随深度增加,热流降低,位相滞后。阴天时热流量迅速减小。结论:在郑州冬季天气条件下,60cm厚墙体已接近合理水平,再增加厚度增强保温效果的潜力不大;北墙表面空气与墙体间传热为湍流状态,而非平流状态;白天北墙表面以辐射换热量为主,是对流换热量的2.6倍。 相似文献
9.
联合收割机喂入量与收获过程损失模型 总被引：10，自引：9，他引：1
为了研究联合收割机喂入量与收获过程损失率之间的关系,该文对联合收割机喂入量和收获损失的影响因素进行了详细分析,采用3种模型试验研究了喂入量与收获过程损失的关系,基于新疆-2A型联合收割机的试验样本建立了基于幂函数、指数函数和二次函数的关系模型,其中二次函数模型具有较高准确性,其决定系数R2=0.826,并利用喂入量控制试验装置进行验证。试验表明,当喂入量在0.3～4.1?kg/s的范围内时,收获过程损失率实测值与二次函数模型计算值的绝对偏差范围为0.04%～0.91%,吻合较好,说明所建立的二次函数模型具有良好的准确性。该模型可作为预测试验用样机收获过程损失的有效工具。 相似文献
10.
菲涅尔高倍聚光PV/T系统热电输出性能模拟与试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
该文基于直通式微通道冷却的菲涅尔高倍聚光PV/T系统热电输出性能的仿真和试验进行研究,结果表明,太阳辐照度、聚光元件间的装配距离、入射角及热对流等对系统热电性能的影响较大;太阳直接辐照度为226 W/m2时,菲涅尔透镜与聚光元件间距离增大2 mm后,功率和电效率分别下降0.98 W和7.4%,对于确定的菲涅尔高倍聚光PV/T系统,存在最佳聚光元件装配参数范围;当太阳直接辐照度一定时,冷却工质流量越大,电池表面温度下降越快,但在较高流量时,随着流量持续增大,电池表面温度下降趋势减小;当入射角由0°增大至1°后,系统得热量下降0.25 MJ,在太阳辐照度达到500 W/m2时,输出功率下降6.35 W;试验系统输出性能稳定,且适用于大型系统,该文研究为系统实际运行参数调控提供理论和试验依据。 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
19.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献
20.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献