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1.
为阐明小尺度范围内濒危物种孑遗植物中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性,保护和恢复种质资源,本文采用ISSR分子标记技术对云南屏边大围山的大围山红旗水库和大围山山谷2个中华桫椤种群的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明用从100个随机引物中筛选出的20个能高产稳定扩增的ISSR引物对2个群体共57个样品进行扩增,共获得132个可分析位点,其中大围山红旗水库的多态性位点83个,占62.87%,而大围山山谷的多态性位点97个,多态位点百分率（P）为73.48%,两者Nei＇s基因多样性分别为0.2614和0.2832,Shannon＇s信息指数分别为0.3762和0.4135,两个种群的遗传分化系数Gst为0.0701,分析结果表明中华桫椤种群内的遗传多样性较高,但两种群间的遗传分化不明显。本研究结果将对中华桫椤自然群体的保育和管理具有重要意义。 相似文献
2.
利用ISSR分析栗疫病菌群体遗传多样性 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术,对中国、日本、意大利及美国等四个栗疫病菌群体的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行了分析。自53个ISSR引物中筛选出11个引物,对以上四个群体的栗疫病菌11个子群体的220个菌株进行扩增,共检测到177个位点,其中多态位点为174个,多态位点百分率（P）为98.31%。11个栗疫病菌子群体的P平均值为20.43%;群体水平的Shannon信息指数（I）和Nei指数（h）分别为0.1769和0.7386;各个子群体I的平均值为0.0943,h的平均值为0.0614。比较表明,中、日、意、美栗疫病菌群体间具有较高的遗传多样性。栗疫病菌群体间的基因分化系数（Gst）为0.7386,其基因流（Nm）为0.1769,11个子群体间的遗传距离平均为0.2289。利用算术平均数的非加权成组配对法（UPGMA）对栗疫病菌11个子群体进行聚类,结果可分为3大类群。 相似文献
3.
为了利用分子标记方法评价青钱柳种质资源的遗传多样性,本文对青钱柳DNA的提取、SRAP扩增体系重要参数进行了优化,运用优化体系筛选多态性引物,并用1对引物对青钱柳9个种源进行了遗传多样性初步分析。研究结果建立了适于青钱柳SRAP的扩增体系;从110对SRAP引物中筛选出了13对多态性引物,运用1对引物组合Me7＋Em2扩增获得21个多态性位点,多态率达100%。遗传多样性分析表明有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.3429,平均Shannon＇s信息指数（I）为0.3687,Nei＇s基因多样性指数（H）为0.2267,种源的遗传分化指数Gst为0.1983;聚类分析结果表明9个种源在遗传距离0.100处聚为3类,聚类结果和地理距离之间呈现较高的相关性。本文的研究结果表明所建立的青钱柳种质资源库具有广泛的遗传多样性,为进一步的开发利用提供了条件。 相似文献
4.
为了解竹黄地理居群间的遗传分化,本研究采用随机引物扩增多态性DNA分子标记技术对江苏、安徽和浙江3省的8个居群共32个竹黄样本进行了遗传多样性分析。从50个RAPD引物中筛选得到了5个随机引物,对供试材料的DNA进行扩增,共检测出77个位点,其中多态性位点52个,多态性位点比率为67.53%。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,这8个居群分为三类：安吉居群、临安居群、宜兴居群、广德居群和泾县居群聚为一类;宁国居群和休宁居群聚为一类;淳安居群单独为一类。遗传多样性分析表明8个竹黄居群中,淳安居群的遗传多样性水平最高,安吉居群的遗传多样性水平最低。Nei＇s基因多样性指数和Shannon信息指数均表明竹黄物种水平的遗传多样性高于居群水平。 相似文献
5.
RAPD和ISSR标记对甜瓜种质遗传多样性的研究 总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54
利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术对37份甜瓜(CucumismeloL.)种质进行了遗传多样性研究.在供试材料中筛选到具有多态性的RAPD引物21个,ISSR引物10个(其中ISSR-2与ISSR-4等量混合组成ISSR-10引物对).RAPD引物共扩增出多态性带106条,多态性条带比率(PPB)为58.62%,平均多态信息量(PIC)为0.47;ISSR引物共扩增出多态性带73条,PPB值为65.51%,平均PIC值为0.53.根据两种标记的结果,采用UPGMA聚类分析,将供试材料分为两大类群野生甜瓜和栽培甜瓜;栽培甜瓜又分为厚皮甜瓜和薄皮甜瓜两大亚群,各野生甜瓜种质之间的遗传距离较大,这与其分类地位基本一致.两种分子标记的分析结果呈极显著正相关(r=0.62>r=0.01).研究表明,RAPD和ISSR标记可用于甜瓜种质遗传多样性的研究. 相似文献
6.
宁波地区野生换锦花遗传多样性的ISSR分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解宁波地区野生换锦花的生存状况及对目前环境的适应能力,本研究采用ISSR分子标记对6个野生居群的遗传多样性水平和遗传结构进行分析。结果表明,10条ISSR引物共扩增出74个条带,其中多态性条带67个,多态性位点百分比(PPL)为90.54%。宁波地区野生换锦花在物种水平上的遗传多样性较高,PPL为90.54%,Nei’s基因多样性(He)为0.2700,Shannon’s指数(Ho)为0.4144;但在居群水平上遗传多样性较低,PPL平均值为76.35%,He平均值为0.2517,Ho平均值为0.3800。基因分化系数(Gst)为0.0679,基因流(Nm)为6.8654。AMOVA分子变异分析结果表明,在总的遗传变异中,有95.85%的变异发生在居群内,仅有4.15%的变异发生在居群间。UPGMA聚类结果显示6个居群间的亲缘关系较近,其可分为两大类群,其中北仑、慈溪和象山3个居群组成一类;奉化、镇海和舟山3个居群组成一类。Mantel检验的结果表明,居群间的地理距离和遗传距离之间无显著相关性。本研究结果为宁波地区野生换锦花种质资源的保护及合理开发利用提供了理论依据。 相似文献
7.
利用微卫星分子标记技术对洞庭（DT）、黄河（HH）、黄沙（HS）、日本（RB）以及洞庭（DT）与黄河（HH）的杂交子代（DT♀×HH♂）绿卡（LK）5个中华鳖群体的150个个体进行遗传多样性分析。11对微卫星引物扩增出的等位基因数为3～6个,平均等位基因数为4.1818。5个种群相比,绿卡（LK）的平均有效等位基因数、平均期望杂合度、平均观测杂合度和平均多态信息含量最高,分别是2.3969、0.5274、0.5545和0.4660。对种群间的遗传分化分析表明,黄河（HH）和洞庭（DT）之间的遗传分化最小,为0.0233,而洞庭（DT）和日本（RB）之间的遗传分化最大,为0.0969。基于Nei＇s遗传距离构建的UPGMA系统进化树显示黄河（HH）和洞庭（DT）及其子代绿卡（LK）亲缘关系较近,而与黄沙（HS）和日本（RB）的亲缘关系较远,最远的为日本（RB）群体。 相似文献
8.
本文采用AFLP技术对黑龙江野鲤、黄河鲤、建鲤和荷包红鲤4个鲤鱼种群共96个个体进行了遗传多样性分析。结果显示,8对选择性扩增引物共扩增得到502个位点,其中多态性位点273个,多态性比率为54．38％。同时对4个种群的Shannon多样性指数,Nei’s基因多样性等参数进行了分析,结果表明,4个种群的Shannon多样性指数分别为0．2114±0．2705,0．1825±0．2694,0．1888±0．2587和0．1600±0．2426,Nei’s基因多样性指数分别为0．1398±0．1872,0．1225±0．1863,0．1235±0．1774和0．1036±0．1636;总基因多样性（H4）平均值为0．1721±0．0350;种群内基因多样性（Hs）平均值为0．1224±0．0190;基因分化系数（Gst）为0．2892,种群内的基因多样性占总群体的71．08％,种群间为28．92％,而基因流系数（Nm）为1．2291。另一方面,分子方差分析（AMOVA）结果表明,种群平均近交系数（Fst）为0-31191,变异31．19％来自种群间,68．81％来自种群内。4个种群中黑龙江野鲤的种内多态性比例最高,而荷包红鲤种群最低,并且4个鲤鱼种群当前的种质资源良好,具有一定的种群稳定性;建鲤已经开始分化,与亲本荷包红鲤亲缘关系逐渐分化,逐步形成自己稳定的遗传结构。本研究为探讨鲤鱼种群的遗传特性和遗传分化提供参考,也为其种质资源的保护及合理利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
9.
基于ISSR指纹的甘薯食用品种的遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用ISSR分子指纹技术检测甘薯基因组DNA的多态性,是鉴定甘薯遗传多样性和亲缘关系有效的方法之一。本研究选用6个ISSR标记对17份甘薯品种进行了DNA指纹扩增,共扩增出55条谱带,其中多态性谱带50条,多态性水平为90.91%;UBC825引物扩增出带型最多,有16种;根据Nei’s遗传距离计算获得的聚类树状图表明,在GS为0.625时,参试的17份甘薯品种分为4个组群;遗传相似性分析表明,顶芽菜用品种间遗传相似系数最高0.877,叶柄食用品种和烤薯型品种之内的遗传相似系数分别为0.778和0.740。结果表明甘薯主要食用间具有较好的遗传多样性,但同类型品种间却又有较高的遗传相似性,这类品种需要引进或创制新资源。 相似文献
10.
应用RAPD分析川西北高原老芒麦自然居群的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用RAPD标记对来自青藏高原东南部川西北高原的8个老芒麦自然居群的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了分析和评价。从150个RAPD引物中筛选出25个能扩增出高度重复性条带的引物。这25个引物共扩增出370条可分辨的条带,其中291条(占78.65%) 具有多态性,表明供试居群在物种水平上存在较高水平的变异。同时各居群的多态性位点比率(PP)在46.49%到53.78%之间变化,表明群体水平的变异较低。居群的平均基因多样性(HE)为0.176(变幅为0.159~0.190),而物种水平的平均基因多样性达0.264。基于Nei’s基因多样性、Shannon指数和贝叶斯方法的群体分化系数分别为32.0%、33.7%和33.5%。AMOVA 分析表明居群内遗传达到总变异的59.9%,而居群间变异仅有40.1%,但二者均达到极显著水平(P < 0.001)。居群间每世代迁入个体数(Nm)达到0.503个。各居群间存在较高的Nei’s遗传一致度。本研究获得的老芒麦的遗传结构不同于已报导的大多数披碱草属物种。另外,基于聚类分析及AMOVA的结果均表明各居群间存在较为明显的地理分化,8个居群分化为采集地的南部和北部2个分支。总之,研究结果表明来自青藏高原东南部的老芒麦居群具有较高水平的遗传变异。在该地区应尽量选择遗传多样性高的老芒麦居群实施就地保护。 相似文献
11.
本研究利用ISSR技术对37份龙眼种质资源进行遗传多样性检测。研究结果表明,从100条ISSR引物中筛选出7条重复性好,条带清晰的引物对37份龙眼品种基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出54条带,其中43条具有多态性,比率为79．6％。不同龙眼品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0．69～0．97,平均达0．83,说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性。UPGMA聚类结果表明,ISSR标记能将37份龙眼品种完全区分开,并能将来源于中国、越南和泰国的37份龙眼品种分别聚类到中国、越南和泰国三大品种群,说明龙眼品种资源的亲缘关系与地理因素有关,三个国家的龙眼品种之间存在较大的遗传差异。本研究结果将为为龙眼品种资源的研究利用提供参考。 相似文献
12.
L. S. Rao P. Usha Rani P. S. Deshmukh P. A. Kumar S. K. Panguluri 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1235-1244
Detection of genetic relationships between 19 chickpea cultivars and five accessions of its wild progenitor Cicer reticulatum Ladizinsky were investigated by using RAPD and ISSR markers. On an average, six bands per primer were observed in RAPD analysis
and 11 bands per primer in ISSR analysis. In RAPD, the wild accessions shared 77.8% polymorphic bands with chickpea cultivars,
whereas they shared 79.6% polymorphic bands in ISSR analysis. In RAPD analysis 51.7% and 50.5% polymorphic bands were observed
among wild accessions and chickpea cultivars, respectively. Similarly, 65.63% and 56.25% polymorphic bands were found in ISSR
analysis. The dendrogram developed by pooling the data of RAPD and ISSR analysis revealed that the wild accessions and the
ICCV lines showed similar pattern with the dendrogram of RAPD analysis. The ISSR analysis clearly indicated that even with
six polymorphic primers, reliable estimation of genetic diversity could be obtained, while nearly 30 primers are required
for RAPD. Moreover, RAPD can cause genotyping errors due to competition in the amplification of all RAPD fragments. The markers
generated by ISSR and RAPD assays can provide practical information for the management of genetic resources. For the selection
of good parental material in breeding programs the genetic data produced through ISSR can be used to correlate with the relationship
measures based on pedigree data and morphological traits to minimize the individual inaccuracies in chickpea. 相似文献
13.
运用ISSR标记对来自深圳、北海和防城港的三个细基江蓠繁枝变种群体进行遗传多样性检测,筛选出的16条ISSR引物共扩增出111条带,引物平均多态位点比例为54.95%。三个群体的多态位点比例深圳群体最高为23.42%,北海群体最低为4.50%;群体平均多态位点比例为11.12%,平均基因多样性（Hs）为0.051 3,表明细基江蓠繁枝变种群体遗传多样性较低。群体遗传分化指数为0.756 5,说明遗传变异主要存在于群体间且群体间的遗传分化水平较高。Mantel检验发现遗传距离与地理距离无关。适应生态环境选择无性繁殖模式可能是细基江蓠繁枝变种群体遗传多样性较低、群体间遗传分化大的重要因素。 相似文献
14.
Salhi-Hannachi Amel Trifi Mokhtar Zehdi Salwa Hedfi Jihène Mars Messaoud Rhouma Abdelmajid Marrakchi Mohamed 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2004,51(3):269-275
The genetic diversity of 18 Tunisian fig cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) associated with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Using a set of primers, the most informative ones were selected that were characterized by an important Resolving power value of 29.6. A total of 47 discernible fragments were scored from samples, with a mean of 11.7 fragments per primer. The 90.4% of sample that were polymorphic were scored as molecular markers to examine the Tunisian fig germplasm polymorphism at DNA level. A large genetic diversity as related to ISSR patterns was found within the local Tunisian fig germplasm. An UPGMA dendrogram exhibits the unstructured variability in this crop. Moreover, the principal component analysis shows that the observed diversity was typically continuous. Our data provide a large number of ISSR markers that are useful in the fingerprinting of Ficus
carica L. cultivars, and in the understanding of the genetic relationships among these accessions. 相似文献
15.
Yu-Xia Yang Wei Wu You-Liang Zheng Li Chen Ren-Jian Liu Chun-Yan Huang 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1043-1051
Genetic diversity and relationships among 48 safflower accessions were evaluated using 22 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR)
primers. A total of 429 bands were amplified, and 355 bands (about 82.7%) were polymorphic. Five to forty-one polymorphic
bands could be amplified by each primer, with an average of 16.1 polymorphic bands per primer. The results showed that the
polymorphism of the safflower germplasm was higher at the DNA level. All the 48 accessions could be distinguished by ISSR
markers and were divided into 9 groups based on ISSR GS by using UPGMA method. The genetic relationships among the accessions
from different continents were closer. Comparatively, the genetic diversity of the accessions originated from Asia was higher,
from Europe assembled. The results also showed that the genetic variation of accessions from Indian and Middle Eastern safflower
diversity centers were relatively higher. ISSR is an effective and promising marker system for detecting genetic diversity
among safflower and give some useful information on its phylogenic relationships. 相似文献
16.
S. K. Panguluri K. Janaiah J. N. Govil P. A. Kumar P. C. Sharma 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):523-531
Detection of DNA polymorphism in cultivated pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and two of its wild relatives Cajanus volubilis and Rhynchosia bracteata is reported here for the first time using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting. For this purpose,
two EcoRI (three selective nucleotides) and 14 MseI (three selective nucleotides) primers were used. The two wild species shared only 7.15% bands with the pigeonpea cultivars,
whereas 86.71% common bands were seen among cultivars. Similarly, 62.08% bands were polymorphic between C. volubilis and pigeonpea cultivars in comparison to 63.33% polymorphic bands between R. bracteata and pigeonpea cultivars, and 13.28% polymorphic bands among pigeonpea cultivars. The cluster analysis revealed low polymorphism
among pigeonpea cultivars and very high polymorphism between cultivated pigeonpea and its wild relatives. The AFLP analysis
also indicated that only one primer combination (EcoRI + ACT and MseI + CTG), at the most any four primer pair combinations, are sufficient for obtaining reliable estimation of genetic diversity
in closely related cultivars like pigeonpea material analyzed herein. AFLP analysis may prove to be a useful tool for molecular
characterization of pigeonpea cultivars and its wild relatives and for possible use in genome mapping. 相似文献
17.
This study characterized the genetic diversity of 18 Tunisian fig cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR). Both random and ISSR primers tested generated a total of 116 RAPD and 47 ISSR markers.
Considerable genetic variation was observed among fig cultivars sampled from two regional Tunisian collections with an average
diversity of 4.57. RAPD and ISSR banding patterns and genetic distances values reflected the high level of diversity among
the collections and lower variability between the two collections. The correlation between the RAPD and ISSR similarity matrices
computed for the 153 pairwise comparisons among the 18 varieties was lower and significant. An analysis of molecular variance
showed that 92% of the total genetic diversity resided within collections, whereas only 8% between collections. The results
indicated that in the local fig germ plasm the information provided by RAPD and ISSR is not analogous, most likely as a consequence
of the fact that the two classes of markers explore, at least in part, different portions of the genome. 相似文献
18.
A cucurbit species named Praecitrullus fistulosus (Stocks) Pangalo, which thrives in India, is considered to be a distant
relative of watermelon. Recent experiments indicated that it has mild resistance to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). However,
our attempts to cross various US plant introductions (PIs) of P. fistulosus with watermelon or other Citrullus PIs have not
been successful. Thus, to determine genetic relatedness among those species, phylogenetic analysis [based on simple sequence
repeat (SSR)–anchored (also termed ISSR), and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers] was conducted among PIs of
P. fistulosus, Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus (watermelon), C. lanatus var. citroides and the wild Citrullus colocynthis.
Phylogenetic relationships were also examined with Cucumis melo (melon), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), and wild Cucumis species
including C. africanus, C. metuliferus, C. anguria, C. meeusei, and C. zeyheri. Wide genetic distance exists between Citrullus
and Cucumis groups (8% genetic similarity). Phylogenetic relationships among Citrullus species and subspecies are closer (25–55%
genetic similarity) as compared with those among most Cucumis species (14–68% genetic similarity). P. fistulosus appeared
to be distant from both Cucumis and Citrullus species (genetic similarity between P. fistulosus and Cucumis or Citrullus groups
is less than 3%). Although wide genetic differences and reproductive barriers exist among cucurbit species examined in this
study, they are still considered as potential germplasm source for enhancing watermelon and melon crops using traditional
breeding and biotechnology procedures. 相似文献