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1.
LAN Wei-zhen HE Guang-cun WANG Chen-yi WU Shi-jun QIN Rui 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2007,6(9):1027-1034
Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） and comparative genomic hybridization （CGH） were applied to somatic chromosomes preparations of Oryza sativa, O. officinalis, and O. meyeriana with labeled probes of Cot-1 DNA and genomic DNA＇from the cultivated rice. The coverage percentage （%） and size （Mb） of Cot-1 DNA in O. sativa, O. officinalis, and O. meyeriana were 47.1 ±0.16, 38.61 ±0.13, 44.38＋_0.13, and 212.33 ± 1.21,269.42 ± 0.89, 532.56± 1.68 Mb, respectively. The coverage percentage and size of genomic DNA from O. sativa in O. officinalis and O. meyeriana were 91.0, 93.6% and 634, 1 123 Mb, respectively, in which 365 and 591 Mb in O. officinalis and O. meyeriana were from O. sativa genomic DNA, but not from repetitive sequences of O. sativa, and the uncoverage genome size in O. officinalis and O. meyeriana were 64 and 78 Mb, respectively. In addition, karyotype analysis was conducted based on the signal bands of Cot-1 DNA in O. sativa, O. officinalis, and O. meyeriana. The results showed that highly and moderately repetitive sequences in Oryza genus were conserved as the functional genes during evolution. The repetitive sequences reduplication may be one of the important causes of the genome enlargement of O. officinalis and O. meyeriana, and O. officinalis genome enlarged more slowly when compared with O. meyeriana. Based on the above results, it is concluded that O. officinalis and O. meyeriana were formed by reduplication, rearrangement, and gene selective loss during the evolution process. 相似文献
2.
The economically valuable oil crop Brassica napus(AACC, 2 n=38), which arose from interspecific hybridization between the diploid ancestors Brassica rapa(AA, 2 n=20) and Brassica oleracea(CC, 2 n=18), has a complex genome. More than 10% of the assembled sequences, most of which belong to the C subgenome, have not been anchored to the corresponding chromosome. Previously, a complete set of monosomic alien addition lines(MAALs, C1–C9) with each of the nine C-subgenome chromosomes added to the extracted A subgenome was obtained from the allotetraploid B. napus donor Oro, after the ancestral B. rapa(RBR Oro) genome was restored. These MAALs effectively reduced the complexity of the B. napus genome. Here, we determined the expression values of genes on unanchored scaffolds in the MAALs and RBR Oro. Then, multiple comparisons of these gene expression values were used to determine the affiliations of the nonanchored scaffolds on which the genes were located. In total, 54.68%(44.11 Mb) of the 80.67 Mb of non-anchored scaffolds belonging to the C subgenome were assigned to corresponding C chromosomes. This work highlights the potential value of these MAALs in improving the genome quality of B. napus. 相似文献
3.
[Objective] This study was to clone Lfcin gene from Datong yak, so as to provide reference for applying this gene in feed industry and breeding industry. [Method] Using PCR technology, the lactoferricin(Lfcin)-encoding gene was obtained from genome of Datong yak; then it was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector, and then sequenced; the sequencing results were subsequently aligned with the sequences of dairy cow accessed in GenBank. Moreover, amino acid sequences of Lfcin gene from various species including yak, dairy cow, human and mouse were used for sequence alignment and phylogenesis analysis. [Result] The second exon of lactoferrin(LF) from Datong yak, which is 778 bp in length, was obtained, within which the coding region of Lfcin gene is 75 bp (25 amino acid residues); sequence analysis showed that there is discrepancy of eleven bases between Datong yak and dairy cow; Lfcin proteins from various species shared high homeology, of which that from Datong yak and dairy cow were completely identical; phylogenesis analysis showed that cladogram based on Lfcin was consistent with species evolutionary law. [Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression of Lfcin gene and further understanding the activity of Lfcin protein. 相似文献
4.
橡胶延长因子基因的原核表达及其多克隆抗体的制备(英文) 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
[Objective] The aim of this study was to prepare the recombination protein of rubber elongation factor and its polyclonal antibodies.[Method] The encoding gene of rubber elongation factor(REF)was amplified by RT-PCR,and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pDEST17 to transform into Escherichia coil BI2I-AI.The recombinant protein induced by L-Arabinose was purified by the affinity chromatography.As the immunogen,the recombination protein was used to immunize mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies,while ELISA and Western blot hybridization were used to detect the titers and specificity.[Result] The purified recombination protein of REF with high expression was used to immunize house mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies with high titer and specificity.The western blot hybridization showed that the antibody could recognize the natural REF from latex.[Conclusion] The recombination protein of REF was successfully obtained and the mouse anti REF antibody with high titer and specificity was prepared,which lays a basis for further studies on biological functions of rubber elongation factor and other membrane proteins in rubber particles. 相似文献
5.
基于体细胞组织培养的甘蓝型油菜核三系保持系绵7MB-1亲本繁殖与F_1制种(英文) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[Objective] The aim was to study the reproduction of the three-line genic male sterile (GMS) line parent Mian 7MB-1 (B.Napus L.) and the seed production of F1 through somatic tissue culture. [Method] Through hybridization, a new breeding material Mian 7MB-1 in three-line genic temporary maintainer line propagated by tissue culture was used to improve the sterile plant rate of rapeseed in dual-purpose recessive GMS line, such as Mian 7AB type, S45AB type, and etc. And then the variety comparative test was performed. [Result] In order to avoid some fertility restoration phenomena occurring during the process of self-reproduction, Mian 7AB was propagated in bulk with somatic tissue culture of temporary maintainer line plant stem. The propagated temporary maintainer line seedlings were applied to the breeding and seed production of net room male sterile line parent, promoting the sterile plant rate of the male sterile line parent to 91.7%-93.5%. The male sterile line parents per hectare were enough for the seed production of hybrid F1 in 7 500-15 000 hm2. [Conclusion] Compared with the original dual-purpose GMS line, the seed production ultilizing male sterile line with high sterile plant rate greatly reduced the labor, significantly improved the seed yield, ensuring the seed quality and forming a perfect breeding and seed production system. 相似文献
6.
《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)
[Objective] The aim of this study was to prepare the recombination protein of rubber elongation factor and its polyclonal antibodies.[Method] The encoding gene of rubber elongation factor(REF)was amplified by RT-PCR,and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pDEST17 to transform into Escherichia coil BI2I-AI.The recombinant protein induced by L-Arabinose was purified by the affinity chromatography.As the immunogen,the recombination protein was used to immunize mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies,while ELISA and Western blot hybridization were used to detect the titers and specificity.[Result] The purified recombination protein of REF with high expression was used to immunize house mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies with high titer and specificity.The western blot hybridization showed that the antibody could recognize the natural REF from latex.[Conclusion] The recombination protein of REF was successfully obtained and the mouse anti REF antibody with high titer and specificity was prepared,which lays a basis for further studies on biological functions of rubber elongation factor and other membrane proteins in rubber particles. 相似文献
7.
[Objective] The aim of this study was to prepare the recombination protein of rubber elongation factor and its polyclonal antibodies.[Method] The encoding gene of rubber elongation factor(REF)was amplified by RT-PCR,and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pDEST17 to transform into Escherichia coil BI2I-AI.The recombinant protein induced by L-Arabinose was purified by the affinity chromatography.As the immunogen,the recombination protein was used to immunize mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies,while ELISA and Western blot hybridization were used to detect the titers and specificity.[Result] The purified recombination protein of REF with high expression was used to immunize house mice for preparing polyclonal antibodies with high titer and specificity.The western blot hybridization showed that the antibody could recognize the natural REF from latex.[Conclusion] The recombination protein of REF was successfully obtained and the mouse anti REF antibody with high titer and specificity was prepared,which lays a basis for further studies on biological functions of rubber elongation factor and other membrane proteins in rubber particles. 相似文献
8.
[Objective] This study was to investigate the difference in microscopic features of pollen grain and stoma of four triticeae species, as well as the relationship between the sizes of pollen grain and stoma, and the chromosome ploidy. [Method] Comparison of the micro-morphological characteristics of pollen grain and leaf epiderm among diaploid Thinopyrum elongatum, Elytrigia intermedia, hexaploid Triticum aestivum and octoploid Tritielytrigia types were carried out by observation under scanning electronic microscope(SEM). [Result] There were some differences among the four species in the micro-morphology, the size, the surface protuberance, the germ pore of pollen grain and the leaf epidermal stoma, in which diploid Thinopyrum elongatum was obviously different from the other three. Diploid, hexaploid and octoploid species of triticeae had remarkable differences in micro-morphological characteristics of pollen grain and stoma. However, some differences between hexaploid species and octoploid species were not significant. [Conclusion] Some microscopic characteristics of pollen grain and stoma could be used as the evidence to identify diaploid, hexaploid and octoploid spieces whose chromosome ploidy are hugely different. 相似文献
9.
《农业科学与技术》2016,(5):1048-1054
The fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2) gene was proven to be a major locus for high oleic acid (C18:1). Brassica napus is an amphidiploid species originating from a spontaneous hybridization of Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. B. napus contains multiple copies in genome for most of the genes, including fad2 genes. The research cloned nine fad2 genes from 3 varieties of B. rapa and 3 varieties of B. oleracea, respectively. Alignment of the nine fad2 sequences from B. rapa and B. oleracea detect-ed 6 single nucleotide polymorphic sites, which resulted in 6 amino-acid substitutions. The nucleotide substitutions at position 743 bp in the fad2-A gene and position 947 bp in the fad2-C gene were used as 3’ end of al ele-specific primers. In use of the al-lele-specific primers to amplify fad2 gene, we could identify if the fad2 gene originated from A genome or C genome. Besides, the research found that fad2 genes in C genome are more conserved in evolutionary process than those in A genome. The fad2 expression data reported in this study revealed that fad2-A from B. rapa was not only expressed in siliques same as fad2-C from B. oleracea, but also expressed in a high level in stems. Not even the less, fad2 gene from B. napus was expressed higher in roots and flowers. Al these results provided evidences that fad2, though it was expressed differently in B. rapa and B. oleracea, but it was regulated by the same approach in B. napus. 相似文献
10.
许泳峰 《沈阳农业大学学报》1985,(2)
一般的栽培稻 Oryza sativa 是属于 AA 基因组,并且有敌稗分解酶(酰胺水解酶),因此能解毒敌稗,显示出很强的抗性。另外在西非州部分地区栽培的 Oryzaglaberrima(A~gA~g)或属于野生稻的 O.sativaf spontanea(AA)、O.breviligulata(A~gA~g)、O.punctata(BB、BBCC)、O.minuta(BBCC)、O.officinalis(CC)、O.eichingeri(CC)、O.latifolia(CCDD)、O.alta(CCDD)、O.grandiglumis(CCDD)等也具有敌稗分解酶,对敌稗具有抗性。但是具有 EE 基因组的 O.austraiensis 相似文献
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12.
利用C基因组对高杆野生稻和宽叶野生稻基因组的比较分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]采用基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术研究稻属2种CCDD基因组型的野生稻宽叶野生稻和高杆野生稻基因组之间的关系。[方法]利用药用野生稻C基因组总DNA为探针,分别对高杆野生稻和宽叶野生稻中期染色体进行基因组原住杂交。[结果]杂交结果显示,在一定的洗脱严谨度下,可以把CCDD染色体组中的C、D基因组染色体分开,并且发现高杆野生稻的CCDD基因组中的某些属于CC基因组的染色体与宽叶野生稻和药用野生稻中的CC基因组染色体存在较大差异,宽叶野生稻的基因组更加原始。[结论]对稻属中有相同基因组型的种进行比较分析,将有助于深入阐明植物基因组进化和物种进化及可能的途径。 相似文献
13.
[目的]发掘米草耐盐、甜高粱甜秆、水稻高产种质资源,创制海涂粮饲兼用耐盐甜秆水稻新种质。[方法]于2009～2012年开展了海涂米草、甜高粱、水稻的远缘杂交研究,并对得到的远缘杂交材料进行RAPD分子鉴定。[结果]试验得到了远缘杂交结实、移栽、杂交材料经济性状的试验证据;在经RAPD分析的14份杂交材料中,有5份具有与甜高粱、米草亲本共同条带,而同时在水稻亲本中缺失的情形,表明5份远缘杂交种具有甜高粱、米草亲本的遗传成分。[结论]该研究对于我国资源利用、农业增效、粮食安全、耕地战略等方面有着重要的科学意义,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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[目的]研究广西邕宁普通野生稻种群的遗传多样性和核心种质构建,为普通野生稻种群保护提供依据。[方法]从水稻12条染色体上均匀选取24对SSR标记对243份样本进行遗传多样性分析。[结果]结果表明,24对引物均表现出多态性,多态位点比率为100%;24个多态位点共检测出103个等位变异,平均等位基因数A为4.291 7,平均有效等位基因数E是2.511 2,平均期望杂合度He为0.573 2,平均多态信息含量PIC为0.572 0。根据聚类结果分析,从243份材料中筛选出31份核心种质,包含了24个SSR位点检测到的所有的遗传变异,其平均期望杂合度He是0.595 8,平均多态信息含量PIC是0.586 3,基本上可以代表广西邕宁普通野生稻种群的遗传多样性。[结论]广西邕宁普通野生稻资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,建议对该地区普通野生稻种群的遗传多样性进行重点保护和利用 相似文献
16.
[目的]提高水稻中直链淀粉的含量,扩大稻米的利用范围。[方法]以水稻中花11品种为材料,通过农杆菌介导法,侵染水稻幼胚诱导出的愈伤组织,将淀粉分支酶基因SBE1和SBE3同时导入受体愈伤组织,经过一系列的共培养、预分化、分化、生根壮苗后,获得含有转基因的转化植株,并对转化植株进行PCR鉴定。[结果]通过用根癌农杆菌介导法,侵染由水稻幼胚诱导的274粒愈伤组织,经过共培养、筛选,得到177粒抗性愈伤,然后将抗性愈伤预分化、分化得到103株分化苗,生根壮苗后获得49株转基因植株;从49株转基因植株中随机提取34株的基因组DNA,利用PCR技术从基因组DNA中扩增得到了片段大小约为500 bp的潮霉素基因序列。[结论]初步证实转基因植株的真实性,淀粉分支酶基因SBE1+SBE3成功整合进入水稻基因组中。 相似文献
17.
栽培稻、斑点野生稻、药用野生稻基因组比较分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以栽培稻总DNA为探针,对栽培稻(AA)自身、斑点野生稻(BB)以及药用野生稻(CC)体细胞染色体进行基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH),并以斑点野生稻总DNA为探针,对自身和药用野生稻体细胞染色体进行基因组荧光原位杂交,以此研究A、B、C 3个基因组型之间的关系.结果显示,A、B、C基因组之间都存在较高的同源性,其中AA与CC之间的信号最强,BB基因组与AA基因组次之,BB基因组与CC基因组的信号最弱.说明A、B、C 3个基因组之间的亲缘关系,A与C最近,B与C最远. 相似文献
18.
利用长药野生稻导入系T821B和籼稻保持系G46B构建的F2群体,对一次技梗数(PBN)、二次枝梗数(SBN),二次技梗数与一次技梗数之比(二、一次技梗数比,RSP)进行QTL分析.结果表明:在第3和6染色体上检测到2个控制一次枝梗数的QTL,在第4、6和7染色体上定位到3个与二次枝梗数相关的QTL,在第1、4、6、8、9和11染色体上发现7个影响制二、一次技梗数比的QTL;第6染色体在水稻枝梗数的遗传控制上具重要作用. 相似文献
19.
海涂互花米草与水稻远缘杂交种质资源发掘与创新(Ⅳ)(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[目的]发掘互花米草耐盐、水稻高产种质资源,创制海涂粮饲兼用耐盐水稻新种质。[方法]于2009-2011年开展海涂互花米草与水稻远缘杂交研究,采用海涂互花米草与水稻属间远缘杂交育种方法,同时采用四选一突破结合技术--海涂种植筛选、细胞学检测筛选、回交表型筛选、分子标记辅助筛选结合技术,寻找海涂粮饲兼用耐盐水稻新种质。[结果]2009~2010年实际远缘杂交成功率为1.39%。7C14、中香1号2种水稻母本与互花米草(H)父本远缘杂交材料进行RAPD分子鉴定,发现RH-1-10K205-7C14×H、RH-2-8K157-7C14×H、RH-13-9H5-中香1号×H具有与互花米草亲本相同的条带,而同时在水稻亲本中缺失的情形,表明以上远缘杂交种具有互花米草亲本遗传成分;水稻7K339母本与互花米草父本远缘杂交材料经RAPD分子鉴定,杂交种RH-5-10K215、RH-6-8K48、RH-12-9H9、RH-14-9H8、RH-16-9H28具有与互花米草亲本相同的条带,而同时在水稻亲本中缺失的情形,表明以上远缘杂交种具有互花米草亲本遗传成分。其余杂交种与互花米草亲本和水稻亲本也存在不同程度的变异。[结论]育出耐盐优质饲料稻新品种,不但解决了沿海开发、盐碱地治理中急需解决的耐盐作物品种问题,而且解决了草食动物精粗饲料问题,同时对于资源利用、农业增效、粮食安全、耕地战略等方面有着重要的科学意义,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
20.
肿柄菊对绿豆和水稻种子的化感作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究不同浓度的肿柄菊叶、茎和花序水浸提液对绿豆和水稻种子萌发的化感作用。[方法]分别用蒸馏水对肿柄菊叶、茎和花序进行活性物质浸提,并稀释为3.0%、1.0%和0.5%3个浓度,采用培养皿滤纸法进行种子萌发和幼苗生长试验,研究不同浓度不同部位肿柄菊对绿豆和水稻种子萌发的化感作用。[结果]肿柄菊叶、茎、花序水浸提液均对绿豆和水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长产生一定的抑制作用,并且随着肿柄菊不同部位的水浸提液浓度的增加,其化感效应不断增强;肿柄菊不同部位水浸提液在相同浓度下对绿豆和水稻种子的化感效应强度顺序大体呈现为：叶〉花序〉茎。[结论]肿柄菊植株不同部位及浓度的水浸提液均对绿豆和水稻种子产生化感效应,这也可能是肿柄菊入侵的重要机制。 相似文献