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搞好对虾亲虾的人工越冬，既有利于培育对虾早苗，增加养殖对虾的生长时间，达到提高养殖对虾的产量、规格和产值。又能减少海亲虾的用量，有利于保护和增殖对虾资源。 相似文献
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长毛对虾俗称红虾，是我省重要的经济虾类之一。厦门海区的长毛对虾亲虾，是我省唯一的浅海亲虾，也是我市一大特产。随着对外政策的开放，市场的繁荣，人民生活的提高，对红虾的需求量越来越大。因此，广大经营单位和养殖专业户、联合体，从经济效益出发，都在大力发展长毛对虾养殖， 相似文献
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目前，我国养殖的对虾有10多种：凡纳滨对虾^*Litopenaeus vannamei(凡纳对虾、南美白对虾、万氏对虾)，中国明对虾^*Fenneropenaeus chinensis(中国对虾)。斑节对虾^*Penaeus monodon(草虾、虎虾)，日本囊对虾^*Marsupenaeus japonicus(日本对虾、竹节虾、车虾)。墨吉明对虾^*F．merguiensis(墨吉对虾)，长毛明对虾^*F．penicillatus(长毛对虾)，细角滨对虾^*L．stylirostris(蓝对虾)， 相似文献
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以强壮藻钩虾(以下简称钩虾)作为中国明对虾和日本囊对虾的天然饵料,以对虾人工配合饲料为对照研究钩虾对中国明对虾和日本囊对虾生长和抗病力的影响。对两种规格的中国明对虾[体质量分别为(0.33±0.0204)g和(2.07±0.184)g,分别记为SF组和MF组]和日本囊对虾[体质量为(0.25±0.018 1)g,记为SM组]分别投喂人工配合饲料和钩虾,养殖35 d。结果显示:(1)与人工配合饲料相比钩虾可以提高MF组和SM组对虾的特定生长率和SM组对虾的成活率;(2)钩虾可以显著提高SF组和SM组对虾血细胞总数(P<0.05);(3)钩虾可以显著提高3组对虾血清总蛋白含量(P<0.05)及SF组和SM组血蓝蛋白含量(P<0.05);(4)钩虾可以显著提高日本囊对虾溶菌酶活力(P<0.05);(5)钩虾可以显著提高FM组和SM组对虾酚氧化酶活力和超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.05);(6)钩虾可以显著性提高SF组和SM组对虾血清过氧化物酶相对活力(P<0.05);(7)对虾健康指标总得分与其感染WSSV后的100%致死时间关系密切,两者之间呈现一定的线性关系(R2=0.948 9)。研究结果表明,钩虾与对虾人工配合饲料相比可以促进中国明对虾和日本囊对虾的生长及提高对虾抗病力。 相似文献
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斑节对虾由于其个体大、生长快和杂食性等优点，近几年已成为对虾养殖中的主要品种。但由于亲虾来源全靠进口，不仅来源不易、价格昂贵，且因一些亲虾带病毒等原因而使养虾成本升高、虾病流行，导致养虾业蒙受损失。为降低养虾费用，减少亲虾进口，本站自1991年9月——1992年3月就以本地较易得到的亲虾资源——鱼塭斑节对虾，进行越冬促熟试验．以期探讨利用本地亲虾作斑节对虾苗种生产的可能性。 相似文献
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提高对虾配合饲料的质量，对于提高对虾养殖产量和规格及提高养虾经济效益，关系十分密切。现就对虾配合饲料生产上的几个问题谈一些看法。 相似文献
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对虾养殖是烟台渔业的重要支柱之一，但由于1993年全国暴发流行性对虾病害，对虾养殖陷入了困境，几年来，在各级党委政府、科技人员及广大虾农的共同努力下，1997年烟台市对虾养殖面积达到12万亩，恢复到历史最高水平，对虾养殖重新焕发了生机。二茬对虾养殖取得较大进展。全市对虾养殖以中国对虾和日本对虾为主，同时大力发展抗病能力强的南美白对虾，其中第一茬日本对虾养殖面积达到6．5万亩，超过了中国对虾养殖面积，而且大部分提前收获一茬虾的都进行了二茬虾养殖，出现了多年少有的养虾热。为了打破单一中国对虾养殖的被动局面，全市… 相似文献
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Lorenzo Díaz‐Jimnez Martha Patricia Hernndez‐Vergara Carlos Ivn Prez‐Rostro 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(8):2281-2288
The effect of dietary protein and lipid level on growth and reproductive efficiency of the pepermint shrimp Lysmata wurdemanni was evaluated over a 90‐day period. The percentage of protein and lipid (%P/L) in the experimental diets varied as follows: 34/7, 34/8, 34/9, 37/7, 37/8, 37/9, 40/7, 40/8 and 40/9, and a commercial diet was used as control (35/7‐Silver Cup®). Fifteen shrimps per treatment and three replicates were used. The number of moults, survival, and growth, number of ovigerous females as well as protein and carbon content of fertilized eggs were evaluated. The shrimps fed experimental diets 37/7 and 40/9 exhibited a survival of 100%, whilst the survival of shrimp fed diet 40/7 was 73%, without significant differences being observed among the treatment groups. The weight gained (g) by shrimps fed diets 37/9 and 40/8 was significantly greater than the control group. The greatest percentage of ovigerous females was observed in those fed 34/7 and 37/9 diets, and the lowest in the control group. The greatest content of protein/carbon in the eggs was found in females fed the 40/8 diet. The results indicated that a P/L relationship of 34/7% promote efficient growth; however, during the reproductive phase it is necessary to increase the P/L to 40/8% to improve the quality and viability of the eggs. 相似文献
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Penaeus semisulcatus (bear shrimp) was used for biological and culture studies. A peak of reproductive periodicity was shown in the months of May, June and July. Increase in body weight and in gonad weight coincided with the increase in sea water temperature. This suggested that sexual maturation might be a direct response to increased sea water temperature. Fecundity of mature female shrimp was estimated as 415,000 to 479,000 ova. In most cases, half-spent spawnings led to the production of poor eggs, characterized by irregular cytoplasmic formation and final autolysis. The embryonic and larval development of P. semisulcatus proceeded satisfactorily in a slightly alkaline medium (pH range from 7.5–8.5), and in water of salinity ranging from 28 to 35 ppt for egg and nauplius stages, and thereafter 25–35 ppt for zoea and mysis stages. The shrimps exhibited faster increase in body length than body weight in early growth. Later, after the shrimps had reached a body length of about 7.0 cm, the growth rate of body weight increased more markedly than body length. The rate of daily increase in weight was 1.01% in 7.0 cm shrimp. The feed efficiency of the formulated shrimp pellets was found to be 31.4%. During the nutritional study of P. semisulcatus, it was found that the combination of high dietary protein (about 40%) and low dietary lipid produced best growth and survival of bear shrimp. High increase of biomass of the shrimp fed with clam meat and high quality fish meal demonstrated the favorable response of shrimp to these diets. The use of cages for culturing bear shrimp was found to be practicable, but not efficient. 相似文献
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中国对虾雄性生殖系统感染WSSV在其垂直传播中的作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过人工感染实验,对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)雄性亲虾进行投喂感染。在确定其携带WSSV粒子后,将被WSSV感染的精荚人工移植到健康的雌虾纳精囊内。在无其他病源的情况下,促其产卵繁殖,统计各组子代的受精率、孵化率及无节幼体至溞状幼体的变态率贸?式PCR技术对亲虾及子代进行WSSV检测。结果表明,受WSSV感染的精荚能够把病毒传播给健康雌虾,雌虾能产出携带WSSV的卵子,培育出带毒幼体。各组子代的受精率、孵化率及变态率的统计结果表明,感染组和对照组在受精率上没有明显区别,受WSSV感染的精卵细胞可以正常结合。对照组受精卵的孵化率明显高于感染组,差异显著(P=0.045<0.05)。对照组无节幼体的变态率也高于感染组。说明WSSV的入侵对受精卵及幼体的发育有影响,WSSV感染导致部分受精卵及幼体不能正常发育或死亡。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: The reproductive traits and the monthly larval abundance of the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria were investigated in Tokyo Bay, Japan, in 2002. The goal of the study was to elucidate the cause of changes in the monthly pattern of larval abundance from the 1980s to the 1990s as these changes relate to variation in the stock size of the adult shrimp. Oogenesis was divided into 10 stages by histological observation. The developmental stage of oocytes in an individual's ovary was synchronous, suggesting that almost all the oocytes in an ovary are spawned at the same time. The size at first maturity was estimated to be 7 ≤ body length ( BL ) < 8 cm. Fecundity was expressed as a function of BL , ranging from 19 300 eggs for 8 cm BL to 92 100 eggs for 14 cm BL . Small female shrimps (<10 cm BL ) spawned around August. Most large female shrimps (≥10 cm BL ) spawned around May, and some large female shrimps also spawned until September. Although most large female shrimps spawned in spring, the larval abundance was low before July and high from August onwards. The results suggest that a substantial decrease in the stock size of large individuals causes the low larval abundance before July. 相似文献
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不同大豆产品替代鱼粉饲养南美白对虾的试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
分别采用脱皮豆粕、大豆蛋白、发酵豆粕等大豆产品,等氮替代饲料中10%的鱼粉(对照组鱼粉35%,替代组鱼粉25%),饲养体重为0.06 g南美白对虾(Penaeus vannam eiBoone)一个月,结果表明,对照组(35%鱼粉)幼虾的增重率、成活率均最大,为1316%、97.5%;脱皮豆粕组幼虾的增重率为最低,仅783%;哈姆雷特大豆蛋白、比多福大豆蛋白、富肽蛋白(发酵豆粕)组幼虾增重率为1033%、983%、1050%,均显著高于脱皮豆粕组(P<0.05),但低于对照组(P<0.05);对虾体肌肉成分的分析显示,各组幼虾肌肉在水分、蛋白质含量方面没有显著差异。上述结果表明,大豆蛋白和发酵豆粕均为优于脱皮豆粕的鱼粉替代品。 相似文献
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选取6种不同品牌斑节对虾商品饲料（D1、D2、D3、D4、D5和D6）进行60 d养殖试验,评价其对斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）生长及水质的影响。D1、D5和D6的对虾增重率和特定生长率显著高于D2和D4（P〈0.05）;D5和D6的饲料系数显著低于D2和D4（P〈0.05）。D4和D5的蛋白质消化率显著高于D1~D3各饲料（P〈0.05）。第20天水体化学需氧量（COD）D1最低,显著低于D5和D6（P〈0.05）。第40天时D5和D6的COD显著低于D1~D4各饲料（P〈0.05）,D2的氨氮（NH＋4-N）最低,显著低于D4~D6各饲料,总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）分别在D4、D6最低。第60天时D1和D2的NH＋4-N显著低于其他各饲料（P〈0.05）,D5和D6的TN显著低于D1~D4各饲料（P〈0.05）,而TP在D2最低,显著低于D1和D4（P〈0.05）。氮（N）排放率在D1和D6显著低于其余4种饲料（P〈0.05）,磷（P）排放率则D1最低。投喂D1、D5和D6能够使对虾获得较优生长性能,且对水体污染最小。 相似文献
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塑料薄膜大棚培育青虾苗的试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验用塑料大棚培育青虾苗，经１个多月培育，不仅亲虾产卵率比对照池高，６月２５日出苗时，试验池１．２１厘米以上的虾苗占７１．４％，而对照池只占４．２％，１１月２５日起捕测量，试验池４．５厘米以上的虾苗占７９．４％，而对照池３０．６５，塑料薄膜大棚培育青虾苗对提高青虾当年上市规格有很大作用。 相似文献
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Jian Tan Sheng Luan Baoxiang Cao Kun Luo Xianhong Meng Jie Kong 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(7):1893-1902
This study provides a preliminary evaluation of feasibility of brackish water breeding. Shrimps were initially cultured at brackish water. Shrimps were reared at different stages (5, 6, 7 and 8 months, respectively), and 300 female shrimps were selected from each stage for growth at an enhanced salinity of 30 ppt. When the shrimps were sexually mature, the reproductive characteristics (mating rate, egg number and nauplii number) of the broodstock shrimps, quality of nauplii (malformation rate of nauplii) and quality of postlarvae (survival rate and desalination stress) were tested to evaluate of the effects of brackish water (10 ppt) on these shrimps. Oceanic water (30 ppt) for rearing shrimps was used as control group. Histopathological analysis of gonads and hepatopancreases from oceanic and brackish water shrimp was performed. The results showed that shrimps cultured for a maximum of 8 months in brackish water remained sexually mature. There were no significant differences regarding the quality of shrimps in the oceanic water and brackish water. However, the brackish water cultured shrimps were easily adapted to salinity changes. Our results demonstrate the good feasibility of the present scheme, in which the broodstock shrimps were cultured at a salinity of 10 ppt. 相似文献
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几种养成虾的病毒携带状况检测 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用组织病理学方法检测了深圳市及其临近地区养殖对虾携带病毒的情况。检查１１８尾外观正常的养殖对虾，包括斑节对虾，长毛对虾，近缘新对虾和刀额新对虾。检出带有斑节对虾杆状病毒包涵体的个体２０尾，约占１７％；带有对虾肝胰腺类细小病毒包涵体的个体４尾，约占３．３％。 相似文献