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1.
朱明  吴玉波  任幸  黄迪  姜丹莉  王岩 《水产学报》2017,41(8):1298-1307
通过8周饲养实验检验了γ-射线辐照处理对利用玉米蛋白粉替代卵形鲳鲹饲料中鱼粉的影响。采用2×3实验设计。对照饲料(C)中鱼粉含量为250 g/kg。用玉米蛋白粉或γ-射线辐照玉米蛋白粉分别替代饲料C中鱼粉的20%、40%或60%,配成6种等氮等脂饲料(R20、R40和R60:以玉米蛋白粉为鱼粉替代物;IR20、IR40和IR60:以γ-射线辐照玉米蛋白粉为鱼粉替代物)。实验鱼初始体质量为(31.9±0.2)g。结果显示,饲料鱼粉替代水平显著影响鱼体增重(WG)、摄食率(FI)、饲料系数(FCR)、氮储积效率(NRE)、磷储积效率(PRE)和鱼体磷含量,而γ-射线辐照处理显著影响鱼体的磷含量。无论以何种玉米蛋白粉作为鱼粉替代物,FI和WG均随饲料鱼粉替代水平增加而下降。在相同替代水平下,使用玉米蛋白粉或γ-射线辐照玉米蛋白粉作鱼粉替代物对FI、WG、FCR、NRE、PRE和鱼体组成(水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分)无显著不同的影响。摄食饲料R20的鱼FI、WG、FCR和NRE与摄食饲料C的鱼相比无显著性差异,表明通过添加玉米蛋白粉可将卵形鲳鲹饲料中鱼粉含量降低至200 g/kg。研究表明,通过γ-射线辐照处理不能提高玉米蛋白粉替代饲料鱼粉的水平。  相似文献   

2.
晶体氨基酸提高混合动物蛋白替代花鲈饲料中鱼粉的潜力   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
胡亮  薛敏  王彬  吴秀峰  郑银桦  王嘉 《水产学报》2011,35(2):268-275
实验以鸡肉粉∶牛肉骨粉∶喷雾血球干燥粉∶水解羽毛粉=40∶35∶20∶5的比例组成的混合动物蛋白(animal protein blend,APB)分别直接替代或在补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸后替代花鲈饲料中50%、75%、100%的低温干燥鱼粉,研究其对花鲈生长及生理功能的影响。经过8周的饲养后发现,花鲈的生长性能随替代比例的提高而降低;摄食含APB饲料的花鲈,其成活率,摄食率和生长性能均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与APB直接替代鱼粉的处理组相比,添加3种必需晶体氨基酸极显著提高了花鲈的生长性能及全鱼蛋白、脂肪、能量含量(P<0.01),显著降低了花鲈的全鱼水分、灰分,肝指数及脏体比(P<0.05)。晶体氨基酸与APB的替代水平对花鲈的生长性能、形体指标及体组成成分存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05)。实验结果表明,(1)混合动物蛋白替代初始体重为13.2 g的花鲈饲料中白鱼粉的比例应小于50%;(2)添加必需晶体氨基酸能显著提高APB在花鲈饲料中的应用潜力;(3)花鲈具备一定的利用晶体氨基酸的能力。  相似文献   

3.
刘修英  王岩  王建华 《水产学报》2009,33(3):479-487
摘要：通过8周网箱实验评价了利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕作为苏氏圆腹鱼芒 （Pangasius sutchi）饲料中鱼粉替代蛋白源的潜力。配制了7种等氮、等能饲料,其中基础饲料含45%鱼粉,按等量蛋白替代的原则,在其余6种饲料中分别添加31%和46%豆粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的50%和75%,或添加20%和40%菜粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%和50%,或添加19%和39%棉粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%和50%。实验中所用的苏氏圆腹鱼芒初始体重为11.3 g。实验结果表明：添加豆粕将饲料中鱼粉含量从45%降低到23%,添加菜粕或棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到34%,对鱼成活率、摄食、鱼体增重、特定生长率（SGR）、饲料系数（FCR）、饲料蛋白储积率、脏体指数和红血细胞比积（Hct）未产生显著不良影响。添加豆粕将鱼粉含量降低到11%导致鱼摄食、鱼体增重和SGR下降,添加菜粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致FCR和鱼体能量储积率下降,添加棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致鱼体增重、SGR和Hct明显下降。上述结果显示,可通过添加豆粕（31%）将苏氏圆腹鱼芒 鱼种饲料中鱼粉含量降低到23%,或通过添加菜粕（20%）和棉粕（19%）将饲料中鱼粉含量降低到34%。  相似文献   

4.
以鱼粉10%的玉米大豆粕型幼鲤饲料为对照组(A),降低饲料鱼粉含量为5%后,分别添加不同水平的DL-蛋氨酸及其羟基类似物添加量分别为B:0.5%DL_蛋氨酸、C:0.514%蛋氨酸羟基类似物、D:0.564%蛋氨酸羟基类似物、E:0.614%蛋氮酸羟基类似物,比较研究用豆粕代替部分鱼粉,添加蛋氨酸及其羟基类似物对幼鲤的...  相似文献   

5.
通过8周网箱实验评价了利用豆粕、菜粕和棉粕替代苏氏圆腹鲑饲料中鱼粉的潜力.配制了7种等氮、等能饲料,其中对照饲料含45%鱼粉,在其余6种饲料中按等量蛋白替代原则分别添加31%或46%豆粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的50%或75%,添加20%或40%菜粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%,添加19%或39%棉粕替代基础饲料中鱼粉的25%或50%.实验中所用苏氏圆腹鲑初始体重为11.3 g.实验结果表明:添加豆粕将饲料鱼粉含量从45%降低到23%,添加菜粕或棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到34%,对鱼成活率、摄食、鱼体增重、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料系数(FCR)、饲料蛋白储积率、脏体指数和红血细胞比积(Hct)未产生显著不良影响.添加豆粕将鱼粉含量降低到11%导致鱼摄食、鱼体增重和SGR下降,添加菜粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致FCR升高和鱼体能量储积率下降,添加棉粕将鱼粉含量降低到23%导致鱼体增重、SGR和Hct下降.上述结果显示可通过添加豆粕将苏氏圆腹鲑鱼种饲料鱼粉含量降低到23%,或通过添加菜粕和棉粕将饲料鱼粉含量降低到34%.  相似文献   

6.
张树威  鲁康乐  宋凯  王玲  张春晓 《水产学报》2017,41(12):1908-1918
本实验研究了饲料羟基蛋氨酸钙(MHA)与DL-蛋氨酸(DLM)对花鲈生长、抗氧化能力及肠道蛋白酶活性的影响,旨在比较两种外源蛋氨酸的生物效价及在饲料中适宜的蛋氨酸添加水平。饲料中添加外源蛋氨酸有效含量为0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的MHA或DLM,配制9种实验饲料(对照组、MHA 0.2、MHA 0.4、MHA 0.6、MHA 0.8、DLM 0.2、DLM 0.4、DLM 0.6和DLM 0.8)。用该9种饲料分别投喂初始体质量为(5.67±0.05)g的花鲈8周后,采集样品进行分析。结果显示,蛋氨酸形式与水平均显著影响鱼体增重率、特定生长率,随饲料蛋氨酸水平的增加,鱼体增重率呈先升高后降低的趋势,并在蛋氨酸添加量为0.6%时达到最大值;此外,羟基蛋氨酸钙组鱼体增重率均高于同水平DL-蛋氨酸组。蛋氨酸水平显著影响饲料系数与鱼体组成,饲料系数与鱼体粗脂肪含量随蛋氨酸水平升高呈现先降低后升高的趋势,而粗蛋白与此相反,水分与灰分则差异不显著。随蛋氨酸水平的升高,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与对照组相比呈升高的趋势,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性呈先升高后降低的趋势,而还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)与之相反。随蛋氨酸水平的升高,血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的含量先降低后升高,胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、谷草转氨酶(AST)的活性与对照组相比呈降低的趋势。蛋氨酸添加组溶菌酶(LZM)的活性显著高于对照组。随饲料蛋氨酸水平的增加,肠道蛋白酶活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,并在0.6%添加量时达到最高。研究表明,饲料添加外源蛋氨酸会显著促进花鲈的生长,其中添加0.6%水平的蛋氨酸,花鲈的增重率和特定生长率最高;对特定生长率与饲料蛋氨酸水平进行回归分析,得出花鲈饲料适宜的蛋氨酸水平为1.57%;以特定生长率为评价指标,羟基蛋氨酸钙的生物学效价为DL-蛋氨酸的134.15%;添加外源蛋氨酸可以提高花鲈肝脏抗氧化能力,有利于鱼体的肝脏健康。  相似文献   

7.
本研究评价了利用羽毛粉作为大黄鱼(Larimichthyscrocea)饲料鱼粉替代蛋白源的潜力,并探讨了角蛋白酶(DP-100)和γ射线辐照对替代效果的影响。采用双因素实验设计,基础饲料BD鱼粉含量为35%,饲料I0E0利用水解羽毛粉替代BD中30%的鱼粉。在饲料I0E0中,添加1%DP-100 (饲料I0E1),或用γ射线辐照羽毛粉替代水解羽毛粉(饲料I1E0),或同时添加1%DP-100和用γ射线辐照羽毛粉替代水解羽毛粉(饲料I1E1)。在1 m×1 m×2 m的实验网箱中进行10周饲养实验。实验鱼初始体重为(19.7±0.2) g (x±SD, n=15),放养密度为每口网箱40尾鱼。实验结果表明,添加1%DP-100显著影响实验结束时鱼体重(FBW)、增重(WG)和摄食量(FI)(P<0.05),但γ射线辐照未对FBW、WG和FI产生显著影响(P>0.05)。添加DP-100、用辐照羽毛粉替代水解羽毛粉以及二者交互作用对饲料系数(FCR)、饲料贮积效率(氮:NRE;磷:PRE;能量:ERE)、肥满度、肝体比(HSI)、脏体比(VSI)、全鱼组成、单位鱼产量鱼粉消耗...  相似文献   

8.
进行了二个试验考察饲料中添加晶体或包膜氨基酸对异育银鲫生长和血清游离氨基酸水平的影响。试验Ⅰ设计了鱼粉含量为18%和9%的两种基础饲料(分别为高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组),在低鱼粉对照组中分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.23%、蛋氯酸0.09%,饲养平均体重2.48 g的异育银鲫鱼种6周。结果表明,高鱼粉对照组、低鱼粉对照组、晶体氨基酸组、环糊精包膜氨基酸组、淀粉包膜氨基酸组的鱼体增重率分别为214.3%、169.8%、173.3%、204.7%、203.2%,与低鱼粉对照组相比,添加晶体氨基酸对异育银鲫的生长无改善(P>0.10),但添加环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸提高了鱼体增重率20.5%、19.7%(P<0.05),饲料系数下降0.40、0.39(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ在鱼粉含量为6%的基础饲料分别添加晶体形式、环糊精包膜、淀粉包膜的赖氨酸0.20%、蛋氨酸0.08%,在异育银鲫成鱼(平均体重220 g)摄食上述4种饲料后1、3、5、12h,尾静脉采血测定血清游离氨基酸浓度,结果表明,添加晶体氨基酸使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值提前,相对于晶体氨基酸而言,环糊精包膜或淀粉包膜氨基酸则使血清游离氨基酸的吸收峰值出现不同程度的延迟。上述研究表明,晶体氨基酸经环糊精、淀粉包膜处理后,其在消化道的吸收速度减缓,可利用性显著提高。  相似文献   

9.
花鲈对常用饲料原料中氨基酸和磷的利用率研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
试验以Cr2 O3为指示物 ,以 70 %基础饲料和 30 %的待测饲料原料组成试验饲料 ,在室内流水养殖系统中 ,采用虹吸法收集粪便 ,测定了花鲈对红鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕、菜籽粕、肉骨粉和棉籽粕中蛋白质、氨基酸的表观消化率和磷的利用率。在水温 2 5± 1℃的试验条件下 ,花鲈对鱼粉、豆粕、花生粕和菜籽粕的蛋白质的表观消化率都在 80 %以上。花鲈对原料氨基酸表观消化率的变化与对蛋白质表观消化率的变化相一致 ,除了赖氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸之外 ,对肉骨粉中表观氨基酸的消化率最低。对饼粕类原料中的含硫氨基酸 (如蛋氨酸 )的表观消化率低于其他氨基酸 ,对鱼粉中的组氨酸、对肉骨粉中的苏氨酸利用率最低。花鲈对鱼粉中磷的利用率最高为 85 5 2 % ,而对菜籽粕、肉骨粉和棉籽粕中磷的利用率很低 ,仅为 8 6 9%～ 2 4 82 %。  相似文献   

10.
以鱼粉和豆粕分别为主要动物性和植物性蛋白源,研究饲料中不同豆粕替代鱼粉比例对牙鲆幼鱼生长性能和生化指标的影响。设计4∶1、3∶1、2∶1和1∶1四种不同动植物蛋白比的等氮等脂饲料配方,按配方制备试验饲料,分别表示为D1、D2、D3和D4。牙鲆幼鱼随机分配到12个设有循环水系统的玻璃钢桶内(900L),每3桶鱼饲喂一种饲料,每天投喂饲料2次,每次达到表观饱食,饲喂期为56d。以增重率(WGR)、饵料系数(FCR)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)、肝体指数(HSI)、肥满度(CF)、鱼体成分和饲料成本为依据,综合评价饲料中不同比例的豆粕替代鱼粉比例对牙鲆的饲养效果。通过测定尿素氮(BUN)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总蛋白(TP)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)等生化指标,研究饲料中不同豆粕替代鱼粉比例对牙鲆蛋白质代谢和脂肪代谢的影响。随豆粕比例的增加,WGR、PER和SGR逐渐降低,FCR逐渐增加,当饲料中豆粕比例在24%以上时差异显著(P<0.05);HSI逐渐增加,且D1组显著低于其他...  相似文献   

11.
Two 8‐wk feeding trials were conducted to examine the effect of replacing dietary fish meal with poultry by‐product meal (PBM) and soybean meal (SBM) on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and wastes output of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus (initial body weight 16.7 g), reared in net pens. A control diet (C) was formulated to contain 35% fish meal. In Trial I, dietary fish meal level was reduced to 21, 14, 7, and 0% by replacing 40, 60, 80, and 100% of the fish meal in diet C with PBM. The weight gain (WG), nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE), and energy retention efficiency (ERE) decreased, while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and total waste output of nitrogen (TNW) increased, with the fish meal level reducing from 35 to 21%. No significant differences were found in the hepatosomatic index, viscersomatic index, and body composition between fish fed diet C and test diets. In Trial II, a 2 × 2 layout was established, and 40 and 60% of the fish meal in diet C was replaced by either PBM or SBM. At the same fish meal replacement level, the WG and NRE were higher and the FCR and TNW were lower in fish fed the diets with fish meal replaced by PBM than in fish fed the diets with fish meal replaced by SBM. The results of this study indicate that more than 21% fish meal must be retained in diets for golden pompano when PBM or SBM is used alone as a fish meal substitute.  相似文献   

12.
The effects of poultry by‐product meal (PBM) and selenium yeast (Se‐yeast) supplementations on fish meal replacement by soybean meal (SBM) in the diet of golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) were examined. In trial I, a 2 × 3 layout including two PBM levels (100 and 170 g kg?1) and three levels of fish meal replacement (0, 40 or 60%) was used. At 100 g kg?1 PBM, fish fed the basal diet exhibited the highest weight gain (WG) and nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). At 170 g kg?1 PBM, no significant differences were found in WG and NRE between fish fed the basal diet and diet with 40% of fish meal replaced by SBM. In trial II, the basal diet containing 170 g kg?1 PBM (trial I) served as a reference. A 2 × 2 layout included two levels of fish meal replacement (40 or 60%) and two levels of Se‐yeast addition (0 and 1 g kg?1). No significant differences were found in WG, feed intake, FCR and NRE between fish fed the reference diet and diet with 40 or 60% fish meal replacement plus 1 g kg?1 Se‐yeast addition. This study indicates that supplementations of PBM and Se‐yeast can enhance the level of fish meal replacement by SBM in golden pompano diet. Dietary fish meal level can be reduced to 140 g kg?1 by optimizing inclusion of SBM, PBM and Se‐yeast.  相似文献   

13.
The potential of using rendered animal protein ingredients, poultry by‐products meal (PBM), meat and bone meal (MBM), and feather meal (FM), to replace fish meal in diets for malabar grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, was evaluated in a 10‐week net pen experiment. Triplicate groups of fish (initial body weight 50.2 g) were fed eight isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets formulated to contain 52% crude protein and 9% crude lipid. The control diet contained 50% herring meal, whereas in the remaining seven diets, PBM was incorporated at 11.9 (PM1), 23.8 (PM2), and 35.7% (PM3) to replace 25, 50, and 75% of the fish meal; MBM was incorporated at 14.5 (MM1) and 29.0% (MM2) to replace 25 and 50% of the fish meal; and FM was incorporated at 9.4 (FM1) and 18.8% (FM2) to replace 25 and 50% of the fish meal. A raw fish (RF) diet was used as comparison to assess growth performance of fish fed the formulated diets. Feed intake was lower in fish fed the diets PM3 and FM2 than fish fed the control diet. There were no significant differences in weight gain (WG), final body weight (FBW), nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE), energy retention efficiency (ERE), and total nitrogen waste output (TNW) between fish fed the control diet and the diets PM1, PM2, PM3, MM1, MM2, and FM1. Fish fed the diet FM2 had lower WG, FBW, NRE, and ERE but higher TNW than that of fish fed the control diet. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in fish fed the diets MM2, FM1, and FM2 than fish fed the control diet. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in whole‐body content of moisture, crude protein, and crude lipid among fish fed the formulated diets. WG, FBW, and TNW of fish fed the diet RF were higher, while FCR and NRE were lower than that of fish fed the control diet. No significant differences were found in feed intake, ERE, and whole‐body composition between fish fed the diet RF and the control diet. Results of the present study suggest that dietary fish meal level for malabar grouper can be lowered from 50 to 38% by incorporating PBM, MBM, or FM.  相似文献   

14.
Two 8‐week feeding trials were conducted to evaluate soybean meal (SBM) as a fish meal substitute in diets for Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicas. In trial I, a control diet (C) contained 400 g kg?1 fish meal, and 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the fish meal were replaced with SBM, supplied with 3 g kg?1 DL‐methionine and 2 g kg?1 L‐lysine (S20, S40, S60 and S80). In trial II, 60% and 80% of the fish meal in diet C were replaced with SBM, supplied with DL‐methionine at 3 g kg?1 (S60, S80) or 6 to 7 g kg?1 (RS60, RS80). The feed intake was lower in fish fed diet C than in fish fed diets S20, S40, S60 and S80 (trial I). No significant differences were found in the weight gain, nitrogen retention efficiency and body composition between fish fed diets C, S20, S40 and S60 (trial I), between fish fed diets S60 and RS60 or between fish fed diets S80 and RS80 (trial II). This study indicates that dietary fish meal level for Japanese seabass can be reduced to 160 g kg?1 by using SBM as a fish meal substitute.  相似文献   

15.
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with cottonseed meal (CSM) on growth and health of grass carp. Four isonitrogenous diets containing 0, 16.64, 32.73 and 48.94% of CSM, respectively, as replacements of 0, 35, 68 and 100% of SBM were fed to fish (initial body weight 7.14 ± 0.75 g/fish) in triplicate aquaria twice daily. The results indicated that fish fed diet containing 16.64% CSM as a replacement of 35% of SBM was not affected in weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P>0.05), while fish fed diets containing higher level of dietary CSM (32.73 and 48.94%) significantly decreased WGand PER and significantly increased FCR (P<0.05). Fish fed diets containing 16.64% of CSM had significantly increased hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values compared with fish fed with other diets (P<0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), gene expression levels of GSH-Px and CAT, and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly lower for fish fed diets containing 16.64% CSM compared with fish fed other diets (P<0.05). These results showed 16.64% CSM could be used to replace 35% SBM in the diets of juvenile grass carp and without health impact.  相似文献   

16.
This study evaluated the potential of using poultry by‐product meal (PBM) to replace fish meal in diets for Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Fish (initial body weight 8.5 g fish?1) were fed six isoproteic and isoenergetic diets in which fish meal level was reduced from 400 g kg?1 (diet C) to 320 (diet PM1), 240 (diet PM2), 160 (diet PM3), 80 (diet PM4) or 0 g kg?1 (diet PM5), using PBM as the fish meal substitute. The weight gain (WG), specific growth rate, nitrogen retention efficiency, energy retention efficiency and retention efficiency of indispensable amino acids were higher in fish fed PM1, PM2, PM3 and PM4 diets than in fish fed diets C or PM5. The phosphorus retention efficiency was lower in fish fed PM3, PM4 and PM5 diets than in fish fed C, PM1 or PM2 diets. Fish fed diet PM5 had the highest feed conversion ratio, total nitrogen waste output (TNW) and total phosphorus waste output (TPW) among the treatments. No significant differences were found in the hepatosomatic index or body contents of moisture, lipid and ash among the treatments. Fish fed diet C had lower condition factor and viscerosomatic index than those of fish fed PM1, PM3, PM4 and PM5 diets. The results of this study indicate that using fish meal and PBM in combination as the dietary protein source produced more benefits in the growth and feed utilization of Japanese sea bass than did using fish meal or PBM alone as the dietary protein source. The dietary fish meal level for Japanese sea bass can be reduced to 80 g kg?1 if PBM is used as a fish meal substitute.  相似文献   

17.
付闰吉  纪文秀  王岩  谢宁峡 《水产学报》2010,34(10):1525-1533
通过10周网箱养殖实验,评价了不同饲料蛋白水平下点带石斑鱼对1种鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物的利用能力。采用2×4实验设计,设2个饲料蛋白水平(490 g/kg和530 g/kg粗蛋白),每个饲料蛋白水平下设4个鱼粉水平,其中1组饲料中加入500 g/kg鱼粉(对照),另外3组饲料中分别加入139、278、416 g/kg的鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物(鸡肉粉∶羽毛粉∶血粉=65∶20∶15)替代对照饲料中30%、60%、90%的鱼粉。实验鱼初始体重为(33.4±0.1) g。实验期间,除恶劣天气外,每天分两次按饱食量投喂实验鱼。实验结果表明,饲料蛋白水平对摄食量、增重,饲料系数、氮储积效率、能量储积效率和鱼体组成无显著影响;饲料鱼粉含量显著影响增重,饲料系数、氮储积效率和能量储积效率,但对摄食量和鱼体组成无显著影响。在相同饲料蛋白水平下,特定生长率(SGR)随鱼粉含量降低而下降;当鱼粉含量相同时,摄食高蛋白饲料的鱼SGR略高于摄食低蛋白饲料的鱼。本实验结果显示,通过添加鸡肉粉、羽毛粉和血粉混合物可将点带石斑鱼饲料鱼粉含量降低到200 g/kg,在490~530 g/kg范围内提高饲料蛋白水平无助于降低点带石斑鱼饲料鱼粉含量。  相似文献   

18.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing methionine hydroxy analogue (MHA) on the performance, body composition, and nutrition retention of rainbow trout. In experiment 1, a 2×4 factorial arrangement with two MHA supplemental levels (with and without) and four fish meal replacement levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, replaced with soybean meal (SBM) and wheat gluten) was used. A fish meal diet was included as a control. Results showed that fish meal replacement levels had significant effects on fish weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), body moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash (P<0.05). In experiment 2, a fish meal reference diet and seven other diets were made using SBM and distiller's dried grain with solubles supplemented with 0, 0, 0.55, 1.1, 1.65, 2.2, and 2.75 g MHA kg?1 diet to replace 50% of fish meal. WG, FCR, and apparent retention of crude protein and phosphorus were significantly improved in rainbow trout fed the diet containing 1.65 g MHA kg?1 diet compared with fish fed an equivalent diet without MHA.  相似文献   

19.
A 5‐week feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of γ ‐ ray irradiation on the inclusion of soybean meal (SBM) and soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets of juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). One diet containing 320 g kg?1 fish meal served as a reference (C), and another four diets were formulated with 75% of the fish meal replaced by SBM (SM), SPC (SC), SBM irradiated with γ ‐ ray at 30 kGy (SM30) or SPC irradiated with γ ‐ ray at 30 kGy (SC30). The weight gain was higher in fish fed diets SM30 and SC30 than in fish fed diets SM and SC, respectively, whereas fish consumed more diet SM30 than diets SM, SC or SC30. No significant differences were found in feed conversion ratio, nitrogen retention efficiency (NRE), phosphorus retention efficiency (PRE), condition factor, hepatosomatic index (HSI), body composition, waste outputs of nitrogen (NWO) and phosphorus (PWO) either between fish fed diets SM and SM30 or between fish fed diets SC and SC30. The weight gain and PWO were higher, but the PRE and the body phosphorus content were lower in fish fed diet C than those in fish fed diets SM30 or SC30. No significant differences were found in the NRE, condition factor, HSI and body composition (i.e. moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash) between fish fed diets C and SM30 or between fish fed diets C and SC30. Macromolecular proteins in SBM and SPC were degraded, whereas the contents of peptides with molecular weight <6.5 kDa were increased by γ‐ray irradiation. This study reveals that γ ‐ ray irradiation can improve the performance of SBM and SPC as a fish meal substitute in the golden pompano diet.  相似文献   

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