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1.
为探讨DNA序列标记技术在坛紫菜种质鉴定中的应用,对10个野生坛紫菜种质材料的5.8S rDNA-ITS区进行PCR扩增和序列分析,结果发现扩增的片段长度在1 208~1 219 bp之间,可以分为ITS1区,5.8S区和ITS2区3个部分,其中5.8S区片段的长度完全一致,均为160 bp;ITS1区和ITS2区片段的长度也非常接近,只有几个碱基的差异。多重序列比对发现10个种质材料的ITS区（包括ITS1和ITS2）序列都存在一定差异,序列同源性在95.82％~99.73％之间,而5.8S区序列则完全一致,但与其它种紫菜的5.8S区序列有很大差异,序列同源性在79.7％~95.0％之间。由此认为5.8S rDNA-ITS区这种高度保守区和高变区交替排列的形式可以成为坛紫菜种质鉴定及系统进化分析的强有力工具。 相似文献
2.
Kyosuke Niwa Hirofumi Furuita Atsushi Kobiyama 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,274(1):126-131
We identified two green-colored conchocelis strains of cultivated Porphyra, ‘Oba-green’ and HGT-6 (F1 strain of ‘Oba-green’), based on PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses of the nuclear ITS region and the plastid RuBisCO spacer region. These molecular analyses confirmed that the two strains were green-type mutants of the endangered species Porphyra tenera, although their blade color was not green. Under the same culture conditions, blade length increase was significantly higher in HGT-6 than in a wild strain HGT-1 of P. tenera, and the blade shape of HGT-6 was extremely elongate compared with that of HGT-1. From the growth characteristics and ITS-1 sequence data, HGT-6 was confirmed to be a green-type mutant of P. tenera var. tamatsuensis, a vigorously growing cultivar. Although photosynthetic pigment contents were lower in HGT-6 than in HGT-1, total content of four major free amino acids was higher and the blade thickness was almost the same in HGT-6 and HGT-1. These results suggest that the green-type mutant HGT-6 has potential as breeding material for further development of Porphyra breeding. 相似文献
3.
Increasing transient expression of CAT gene in Porphyra haitanensis by Matrix attachment regions and 18S rDNA targeted homologous recombination 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhenghong Zuo Bowen Li Chonggang Wang Jiali Cai & Yixin Chen 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(7):681-688
To test whether matrix attachment regions (MARs) and 18S rDNA can influence CAT gene transient expression positively in the red algae Porphyra haitanensis, a targeting vector pHR‐CAT containing a portion of the 18S rDNA from P. haitanensis, pMAR1‐HR‐CAT containing one MAR from silkworm and a portion of the 18S rDNA from P. haitanensis and pMAR2‐HR‐CAT containing two MARs from silkworm and a portion of the 18S rDNA from P. haitanensis were constructed. With the electroporation method, the vectors were transferred into the protoplasts from the thalli of P. haitanensis. The results showed that the expression of chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) protein in transformed cells reached a maximum at 96 h after transformation. It was increased markedly with the pMAR2‐HR‐CAT compared with the pHR‐CAT or the pCAT@3‐control vector (P<0.01), and it was increased inconspicuously with pHR‐CAT compared with the pCAT@3‐control vector (P>0.05). It is suggested that MAR from silkworm could enhance the transient expression of foreign genes in P. haitanensis. 相似文献
4.
由于钵水母类生物地理学研究的缺乏以及不同时期形态变异较大等原因,对其分类鉴定比较混乱和困难。为弥补形态学分类的缺陷,采用通用引物PCR扩增法,测定了分布于黄海北部和辽东湾海域海蜇(Rhopilema esculentum)、沙蜇(Nemopilema nomurai)、海月水母(Aurelia sp.)、白色霞水母(Cyanea nozakii)4种大型水母的ITS-5.8S rDNA序列,同时利用Gen Bank数据库中已有的钵水母纲(Scyphomedusae)ITS1(the Ribosomal First Internal Transcribed Spacer)同源序列对其进行序列分析并构建系统树,分析ITS1序列片段在大型水母种类鉴定方面的可行性及其在钵水母类系统及演化中的应用。结果显示,4种水母的ITS-5.8S rDNA序列变异较大且具有明显的序列长度多态性,序列长度范围675~833 bp。钵水母纲很多种类的ITS1序列具有种内长度多态性现象,这种长度多态性主要是由于微卫星重复次数不同所造成的。钵水母纲科间遗传距离为0.295~0.491,种间遗传距离为0.024~0.812;除白色霞水母和海蜇外,种内个体间遗传距离为0.000~0.099。采用ML法(maximum likelihood)和贝叶斯法(Bayesian)构建的分子系统树拓扑结构不完全相同且与形态分类学的观点不太一致。研究表明,ITS基因序列在钵水母纲不同阶元间变异较大,适合于钵水母纲种类鉴定和属内种间水平的系统进化研究。 相似文献
5.
ABSTRACT: Four species of Chattonella , which are well known to form red tides that are lethal to fish, were subjected to phylogenetic analysis on the basis of the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), 5.8S rDNA, 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, and the flanking internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2). The 18S rDNA sequences of C. antiqua , C. marina , and C. ovata isolated from different regions in Japan were compared. They were found to be identical with each other in a sequence 1818 bp long. The sequences of the D1/D2 region in the 28S rDNA, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS region that are known to be more variable regions were also found to be identical. These homogeneities of the rRNA gene family revealed the extremely close relatedness of C. antiqua , C. marina , and C. ovata . The sequences of C. verruculosa were different from those of these three species , resulting in an 89.2% homology in the 18S rDNA sequences, 70.4% homology in the D1/D2 region in the 28S rDNA sequences, and an 81.5% homology in 5.8S rDNA sequences and the ITS regions. Chattonella verruculosa was grouped within a single cluster composed of Dictyochophyceae rather than the other species of Raphidophyceae. 相似文献
6.
以相应引物经PCR扩增了太平洋牡蛎 (Crassostreagigas)的核糖体转录间区域 (ITS 1和ITS 2 )及线粒体 16SrDNA和COI基因片段。PCR产物经T 载体连接后进行克隆和测序 ,分别得到长度为 5 4 3、791、5 30和 70 0bp的核苷酸序列。 4个DNA片段的A、T、G和C碱基含量分别为 2 3.5 7%、2 0 .0 7%、2 9.4 7%和 2 6 .89% (ITS 1) ,2 7.4 3%、19.2 2 %、2 7.0 5 %和2 6 .30 % (ITS 2 ) ,2 9.2 5 %、2 9.2 5 %、2 3.0 2 %和 18.4 9% (16SrDNA) ,2 2 .71%、39.4 3%、2 0 .4 3%和 17.4 3% (COI)。实验证明ITS 1和ITS 2引物在贝类中通用性良好。文中同时讨论了 4个序列在我国几种牡蛎的种类鉴别及相关研究的应用潜力 相似文献
7.
Aki Namba Yuya Shigenobu Masahiro Kobayashi Takanori Kobayashi Ichiro Oohara 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):873-878
To construct high-quality 16S rDNA clone libraries for microbial communities associated with Porphyra yezoensis and to minimize the detection of rDNA from leafy gametophytes of P. yezoensis, we designed a new 16S rDNA universal primer (75F). Of the clones prepared using 75F, which was designed to distinguish between
bacteria and P. yezoensis, 95% were classified into four groups, namely, β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Flavobacteria. PCR-based analysis of the 16S rDNA primer constructed in this study can be used to implement 16S rDNA-based methodologies
for the investigation of microbial community composition and diversity related to the Porphyra group. 相似文献
8.
核糖体基因为串联重复多拷贝的基因,包括3个编码基因(18S,5.8S,28S)和两个间隔区ITS1(internal transcribed spacer 1)和ITS2(internal transcribed spacer 2)。目前,对核糖体基因的相关报道主要集中在个体内不同拷贝间的多态特征,以及其作为分子标记在系统演化关系中的应用,GC含量作为一项非常重要的核苷酸序列指标,而鲜有报道。为了探讨鱼类的核糖体基因GC含量特征以及间隔区是否也存在GC平衡现象,本研究选择了鲈形目(Perciformes)5科11种鱼类5个片段的核糖体基因进行研究,包括尖吻鲈科(Latidae)、射水鱼科(Toxotidae)、军曹鱼科(Rachycentridae)、剑鱼科(Xiphiidae)、鲹科(Carangidae)。获得了1651个单克隆序列,通过分析并比较已有的其他硬骨鱼序列片段的GC含量变化特征,结果发现:本研究鱼类的18S的GC含量为52.6%~57.1%(平均54.6%),5.8S为55.6%~58.9%(平均57.4%),28S为64.2%~65.8%(平均64.6%),ITS1为56.5%~73.0%(平均65.0%),ITS2为62.3%~77.5%(平均69.1%)。编码区的GC含量相对较保守,变异范围较小,18S和5.8S变化范围明显小于间隔区,28S则位于间隔区的最低值和最高值之间。因此,我们发现硬骨鱼核糖体ITS高于60%的GC含量是该类群的一个特征,并且高GC含量的ITS1和ITS2序列中不存在明显的高GC富集区,其含量高低的变化与序列长度也没有相关性。本研究11种鱼类的ITS1和ITS2的GC含量在种内的相似性既有大于也有小于种间相同片段的相似性,因此GC平衡现象只存在部分种类中。本研究结果可为鱼类核糖体基因序列特征的进一步研究及利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
9.
ABSTRACT: Porphyra yezoensis and P. tenera are the representative species of the marine crop Porphyra (nori) in Japan. Since the two species are extremely similar to each other in morphology, nori breeders have tentatively classified many strains of cultivated Porphyra into the two species without strict species identification. In order to facilitate rapid and reliable identification of the many strains of Porphyra currently cultivated in various Japanese regions, 24 conchocelis strains were examined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis using the plastid RuBisCo spacer and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer regions. From the results, all the strains were identified as P. yezoensis f. narawaensis , and P. tenera was not detected. Hence, it was confirmed that most of the Porphyra strains currently cultivated in Japan are P. yezoensis f. narawaensis , and that intensive selective breeding has led to a reduced genetic diversity in the stock used for nori cultivation. 相似文献
10.
Ken Touhata Atsushi Namikoshi Tamami Suzuki Jun Iguchi Nanami Mizusawa Tatsuro Hara Shintaro Imamura Takeshi Yabu Yumiko Yamashita Michiaki Yamashita 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(5):865-875
Nucleotide sequences in internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 region derived from dried nori products produced in Japan, China, and the Republic of Korea were compared. Thalli contained in the Japanese products were genetically homogenous, and their nucleotide sequences in ITS-1 were identical to those of the reference strains of Pyropia yezoensis f. narawaensis. In Chinese products, the thalli were related to P. yezoensis strain Minomiasakusa. In contrast, the thalli in the Korean products were genetically heterogeneous, and several different P. yezoensis strains and other Pyropia spp. were used for dried nori products. In some thalli produced in both China and Korea, the DNA sequences of the ITS-1 region were identical with that of Japan, suggesting that the cultivar strains might have been transplanted from Japan to China in recent years. The 432-bp-long nucleotide sequences in the ITS-1 region of thalli derived from Japanese origin were cleaved to two restriction fragments at 154 and 278 bp by cleavage of PCR-amplified products using MspI. Conversely, almost all of the corresponding sequences derived from China and Korea were lacking MspI or other restriction patterns, except for nori products from some areas that cultivate a closely related strain to the Japanese cultivar. 相似文献
11.
Hirotoshi Endo Eun-Jeong Park Youichi Sato Hiroyuki Mizuta Naotsune Saga 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(2):393-400
As a trial to develop a method of authenticating the place of origin of circulated Undaria pinnatifida products, we investigated their intraspecific genetic diversity using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene
(cox1) and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence. Four dried U. pinnatifida products labeled with their origins (one from Japan, one from China and two from Korea), natural plants collected from three
locations (two from Japan and one from China), and cultivated plants collected from two locations (one from Japan and one
from China) were used in the present study. The amplified fragments of cox1 were 664 bp in length, and the aligned sequences were highly homologous. Among the nine sequences, no insertions or deletions
were found and six substitution positions were detected, and they were classified into five haplotypes. In contrast, multiple
highly variable regions were found in ITS2, and some of them carried a restriction site for Mbo II. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed different restricted profiles among
the tested samples. The availability of molecular markers for authenticating food products of U. pinnatifida is discussed. 相似文献
12.
福建缢蛏野生群体与养殖群体的ITS-1和ITS-2分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
采用PCR技术对福建缢蛏的霞浦野生群体(WP)和漳湾养殖群体(CZ)进行了ITS-1和ITS-2的多态性分析。利用贝类通用引物扩增了ITS-1和ITS-2序列,PCR产物经纯化、测序、同源序列比对,获得长度分别为495 bp的ITS-1和485 bp的ITS-2核苷酸序列,其中分别包括25 bp和22 bp的插入缺失。ITS-1和ITS-2片段的T、C、A、G四种碱基的平均含量分别为13.6%、30.2%、28.3%、29.7%(ITS-1),16.2%、33.7%、19.5%、30.6%(ITS-2),A+T含量显著低于G+C含量。序列分析显示,野生群体和养殖群体的单倍型多样性指数、多态位点数、平均核苷酸差异数分别为1.0、40、10.54(ITS-1),0.96、27、11.91(ITS-2)和1.0、28、8.23(ITS-1),0.96、28、10.16(ITS-2),揭示出福建两个缢蛏群体的遗传多样性均较为丰富,其变异主要源于碱基的插入和缺失,野生群体的多样性较高于养殖群体,但是遗传组成存在着较高的一致性,群体间没有遗传分化。 相似文献
13.
To identify the pathogens causing saprolegniosis among farmed fish in Nova Scotia, 172 infected tissues and 23 water samples were collected from six species of teleosts: Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), brown trout (Salmo trutta), Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at nine facilities over a 600 km range. Following laboratory culture, 132 isolates were recovered. Six species of oomycetes were identified from analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of the nrDNA: Saprolegnia parasitica, Saprolegnia ferax, Saprolegnia diclina, Saprolegnia aenigmatica, Saprolegnia torulosa, Saprolegnia sp. and Pythiopsis cymosa. Further phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (Cox1) regions revealed four strains of Saprolegnia parasitica (named here as S1, S2, S3 and S4), of which S1 and S2 were common (37% and 42% of the isolates), and two strains of S. ferax. Among S. parasitica, S2 and S3 are more closely related to each other than to S1 based on the phylogenetic analyses and predicted RNA secondary structure of the ITS region. Sexual structures with a similar morphology were formed by S1 and S3 in vitro, but were not formed by S2. 相似文献
14.
15.
珠母贝属6个种的ITS 2分子标记研究 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
对珠母贝属的大珠母贝、珠母贝、白珠母贝、黑珠母贝、长耳珠母贝、黑珠母贝和合浦珠母贝6个种的内部转录间隔区2(ITS2)序列及其两侧的5.8S和28S的部分序列进行了比较分析。其中黑珠母贝的序列来自GenBank。PCR扩增片段大小为600bp左右,测序结果表明,ITS2长211～254bp,两端的5.8S和28S分别长84bp和272bp(均含引物)。序列比对分析结果表明,5.8S和28S序列高度保守,不适合于种类鉴定,而ITS2序列高度变异,270个比对位点中有146个位点发生突变,其中72个位点发生插入/缺失突变。除白珠母贝和黑珠母贝之间的遗传距离较小外,其余种类之间的遗传距离远远大于种内遗传距离。基因型分析表明,每个种具有各自特有的基因型。基因型和序列变异分析表明ITS2序列可作为珍珠贝种类鉴定的分子标记。可用于种间、杂交育种、幼体和珍珠贝肉等材料的种类鉴定与遗传分析。 相似文献
16.
以相应引物PCR扩增栉孔扇贝(Chlamys
farreri)核基因组的核糖体DNA两个转录间隔子(ITS-1和ITS-2)，PCR产物经T载体连接后进行克隆、测序，分别得到了340bp和510bp的碱基序列，序列大小非常适合遗传变异及分子系统学研究。其A、T、G、C含量在ITS-1分别为32.06％，20.59％，22.35％和25.00％，在ITS-2分别为30.00％，21.37％24.12％和24.51％。这两个变异性较大的序列在扇贝种群中应用潜力很大，可广泛用于种内群体间遗传变异研究、种质鉴别及系统学研究。 相似文献
17.
Shaheed Reza Satoshi Furukawa Toshitaka Mochizuki Hisashi Matsumura Shugo Watabe 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):743-754
Abstract: Sequence analyses of mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear genes were performed for genetic comparison between two Takifugu pufferfish species: torafugu T. rubripes and karasu T. chinensis . With a sequence coverage of 20% in mtDNA, 640, 308, 344, 522 and 697 bp encoding mt 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), adenosine triphosphatase 6 ( ATPase 6 ), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 4 ( ND4 ), ND5 and cytochrome b (cyt b ), respectively, among 24 wild torafugu, 24 wild karasu and six hybrid-like samples, 15% of the torafugu identified by external color patterns showed nucleotide sequences consistent with karasu. Meanwhile, sequences of 60% karasu were consistent with those registered for torafugu (AJ421455). As for the hybrid-like samples, two possessed karasu-specific sequences in some base positions while torafugu-specific sequences in others. The remaining hybrid-like samples possessed torafugu-specific sequences. On the other hand, the mt control region did not show such type of consistency. Analysis of nuclear melanocortin receptor genes ( MC1R , MC4R ) among 54 samples showed 99–100% inter- and intraspecific sequence identity. Partial nuclear 18S rRNA, complete internal transcribed spacer 1 ( ITS1 ), partial 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 genes showed similar levels of identity, indicating a very low level of variation in their respective gene fragments between the two Takifugu species. 相似文献
18.
Saengchan Senapin Kornsunee Phiwsaiya Pauline Kiatmetha Boonsirm Withyachumnarnkul 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(4):693-704
A recent study showed Thalassiosira weissflogii to be a diatom containing suitable nutrition for larviculture of the black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Accurate and practical identification of this diatom species is therefore important for commercial hatcheries. The purpose
of this study was to establish a DNA-based method of identification to supplement morphological examination, avoiding confusion
with other Thalassiosira sp. Primers, 18SF/28SR1, specific for ribosomal DNA genes (3′-end of 18S rDNA through 5′-end of 28S rDNA, covering two internal
transcribed spacers), were employed as a first-step polymerase chain reaction, followed by a second nested amplification using
specifically designed primers, ITS1-F-D/ITS1-R-D. The nested-PCR result revealed specificity in the detection, distinguishing
T. weissflogii from T. pseudonana, Cyclotella meneghiniana, and Chaetoceros sp., and the PCR fragment of the amplified region had a sequence that was 99% identical to the T. weissflogii sequence held by GenBank. 相似文献
19.
Lactococcus garvieae is recognized as an emerging pathogen in fish. Several PCR‐based methods have been developed for the detection and identification of L. garvieae; however, the sensitivity of these methods is still in question regarding the discrimination of this organism from other closely related species. Two primers, ITSLg30F and ITSLg319R, were designed from the sequence in the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and used for the specific detection of L. garvieae. L. garvieae strains including fish isolates were positive by this method. In contrast, previously developed PCR methods showed false‐positive results with non‐L. garvieae species. Our results indicate that a PCR method using the newly designed ITS primer set provides a sensitive and efficient tool for the detection of L. garvieae in fish and aquaculture environments. 相似文献
20.
对金鱼(Carassius auratus)核糖体转录间隔区(ITS-1)进行了克隆测序,并对ITS-1序列进行了分析。结果显示,克隆的金鱼ITS-1区序列长度为294bp,其中A、T、G、C 4种碱基的含量分别为17.0%、14.6%、33.0%、35.4%;与从GenBank中检索到的12种鱼的核糖体DNA序列比较显示,其与12种鱼的ITS-1序列同源性较低,在26.0%~61.6%之间;根据金鱼与其他12种鱼的ITS-1序列的同源性构建进化树,所得的分类结果与传统的分类结果基本一致。 相似文献