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1.
对海南海区采得的51尾丝蝴蝶鱼(Chaetodon auriga Forstal)年龄与生长的研究表明,其年轮特征主要为切割型,体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈直线相关:L=-3.5730+6.8387R;体长(L)与体重(W)呈幂函数的关系:W=5.9540×10-2L2.8126.应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合该鱼的一般生长规律,其生长参数为:L∞=23.25cm,W∞=420.77g,K=0.2777,t0=-0.1579,拐点年龄ti=4龄,拐点体长Li=15.92cm,拐点体重Wi=135.14g.海南海区丝蝴蝶鱼应以2龄、体长10.26cm、体重46.23g为最适合可捕标准. 相似文献
2.
海南海区丝蝴蝶鱼年龄与生长的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对海南海区采得的51尾丝蝴蝶鱼（Chaetodon auriga Forstal）年龄与生长的研究表明,其年轮特征主要为切割型。其体长与鳞径呈直线相关L=-3.5730+6.8387R;体长与体重呈幂函数的增长关系：W=5.940×10-2L2.8176。应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合该鱼的一般生长规律,其生长参数这：L∞=23.25cm,W∞=420.77g,K=0.2777,to=-0.1579,拐点年龄ti=4龄,拐点体长Li=15.92cm,拐点体重Wi=135.14g。 相似文献
3.
南湾水库翘嘴红鲌的生长及种群控制的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
南湾水库的翘嘴红鱼白体长与体重实测值的关系呈幂指数关系,关系式为:W=0.0489L2.7274(r2=0.9739)。应用VonBertalanffy生长方程拟合其生长规律,体长与体重的生长不等速,其主要生物学参数为:L∞=98.8cm,W∞=7140.9g,体长的k=0.1662、t0=0.2638;体重的k=0.1038、t0=-0.1076,拐点年龄ti=5.3龄,拐点体长为57cm,体重为2049g。建议翘嘴红鱼白的捕捞年龄为2+,即体长为28cm、体重为500g以上,其适用网具的网目为90mm。 相似文献
4.
5.
南湾水库鳙鱼的生长及其资源评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
南湾水库的鳙鱼的平均年龄为3龄,南湾水库鳙鱼体长与体重的关系呈幂指数关系,关系式为W=0.0413L2.8472(R2=0.9422)。应用VonBertalanffy生长方程拟合其生长规律,体长与体重的生长不等速,其主要生物学参数为:L∞=87.6cm,W∞=28.5kg,体长的k=0.2443、t0=0.26778;体重的k=0.141、t0=-0.137,拐点年龄ti=7.5龄,拐点体重为8.05kg。回捕率37.5%,自然死亡率27.0%,其它死亡率33.3%。南湾水库鳙鱼的适宜开捕年龄为3 龄,平均体重约3947g。适当减小起捕规格,提高捕捞强度,可增加鲢鳙鱼的产量和效益。 相似文献
6.
2011-2012年在乌江思南江段采集454尾(雌性298尾,雄性109尾,性别不辨47尾)泉水鱼(Pseudogyrincheilus procheilus),以鳞片作为材料对年龄进行鉴定,利用软件FISAT-II处理体长与年龄数据,对其生长方程、生长拐点等生物学特征进行了研究。结果表明,泉水鱼鳞片为圆鳞,年轮主要表现为普通切割型与普通疏密型;年龄组成为1~4龄,其中以2~3龄为主;1~4龄,体长增长率为47.4%,雌性体长增长率达50.4%,雄性体长增长率为35.0%,体重增长率为438.5%,雌性体重增长率为485.1%,雄性体重增长率为275.9%;体重(W)与体长(L)呈幂指数关系:W=2×10-6L3.4784(R2=0.8824),雌鱼为:W=3×10-6L3.4002(R2=0.8505),雄鱼为:W=2×10-5L3.019(R2=0.8112);体长(L)和鳞径(S)呈幂函数相关:L=92.597S0.5458;Von Bertalanfy生长方程的各参数为:渐进体长L∞=278.10 mm,生长系数k=0.22,t0=-1.80;雌鱼各参数为:L∞=355.01 mm,k=0.14,t0=-2.38;雄鱼各参数为:L∞=224.04 mm,k=0.32,t0=-1.72,雄鱼达到渐进体长的速度比雌鱼要快得多;体长生长速度和加速度不具拐点,生长速度随年龄增加而递减,生长加速度始终为负值,随年龄增加而增大;体重生长速度和加速度都具有拐点,拐点年龄ti=3.87,拐点体长Li=198.22 mm,拐点体重Wi=195.59 g。结合泉水鱼生长拐点年龄和性成熟年龄,为保护乌江思南泉水鱼资源,建议以180 mm为最小捕捞个体的体长。 相似文献
7.
南湾水库翘嘴红鱼白的生长及种群控制的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
南湾水库的翘嘴红舶体长与体重实测值的关系呈幂指数关系，关系式为：W=0．0489L^2.7274(r^2=0.9739)。应用Von Bertalanffy生长方程拟合其生长规律，体长与体重的生长不等速，其主要生物学参数为：L∞=98．8cm，W∞=7140．9g。体长的k=0．1662、t0=0．2638；体重的k=0．1038、t0=-0．1076，拐点年龄t1=5．3龄，拐点体长为57cm，体重为2049g。建议翘嘴红舶的捕捞年龄为2^ ，即体长为28cm、体重为500g以上，其适用网具的网目为90mm。 相似文献
8.
对铜钱山水库121尾黄尾鲴作常规生物学测定,经统计分析后得出结论:其体长与鳞长呈直线相关,体长与体重呈幂函数相关,其生长规律符合 von Bertalanffy 生长方程。生长参数为:L∞=450.2411mm,W∞=1135.1402g,R=0.4593,t_0=0.0781,生长拐点年龄为2.47龄,体长为300.00mm,体重为395.62g。根据黄尾鲴生长规律,建议限制捕捞体长30cm、体重0.39kg 以下的个体。 相似文献
9.
黑尾近红鲌在人工养殖条件下的生长 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了养殖条件下黑尾近红鲌的生长规律,结果表明:体长(L)与鳞径(R)呈直线相关L=6.4355R+3.4337(r=0.9983);体重(W)与体长(L)呈指数函数关系 W=0.0093L3.2546(r=0.9921).应用各龄逆算体长、体重均值,求得生长方程Lt=45.9643[1-e-0.3238(1+1.2687)],Wt=2393.2495[1-e-0.3238(1+1.2687)]3.2546.体重生长曲线的拐点tt=2.38龄,拐点处的体长为Lt=31.86锄,体重为Wt=726.18g.根据生长指数分析得出1～2龄的黑尾近红鲌体长、体重生长最快. 相似文献
10.
鄱阳湖鲤的年龄与生长特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解大型通江湖泊鄱阳湖中鲤(Cyprinus carpio Limaeus)的种群状况,根据2001年采集的448尾标本,对鲤的年龄和生长特征进行了研究.鄱阳湖鲤鳞片上的年轮表现为切割与疏密特征,尤以切割为主.渔获物群体平均体长为32.6 cm,平均体重为941.7 g,年龄结构为0+～4+龄,其中3+龄以下个体约占94.0%.鳞径(R)与体长(L)的关系为L=6.7963+29.421R(r=0.9128),体重(W)与体长(L)的关系为形=0.0219L3.0018(r=0.9979),拟合的Von Bertalanffy生长方程参数为L∞=97.26 cm,W=20315.39 g,k=0.2073,t0=-0.7841.与其它水域相比,鄱阳湖鲤生长较快,其生长拐点年龄为4.52龄,建议将其捕捞年龄确定在4.5龄左右.与20世纪70年代相比,鄱阳湖鲤表现出小型化趋势,应采取实施春季禁渔制度、控制捕捞强度、提高捕捞年龄、保护湖滩草洲生态环境等措施,实现渔业资源增殖. 相似文献
11.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
12.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
13.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
14.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
15.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
16.
Sandra García‐Garrido Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado Carlos Rosas Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting. 相似文献
17.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future. 相似文献
18.
Effect of iodophor disinfection of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs on their bacterial and fungus load 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3901-3909
This study investigated the efficiency of iodophor disinfection (135 ppm active iodine for 15–30 min) of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs against different groups of bacteria and against fungus. Egg samples were taken from non‐disinfected and from disinfected eggs, microorganisms were cultured on specific nutrient media and their mass was measured by turbidimetric methods. Bacteria and fungus mass of non‐hardened eggs could be reduced but not eliminated by iodophor disinfection with 135 ppm active iodine for 15 min. The extent of reduction was 47–65% (Experiment 1). The efficiency of disinfection increased with disinfection time as the reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was 40–55% after 15 min and 58–74% after 30 min (Experiment 2). Disinfection efficiency of iodophor solution diluted in water (reduction 49–57%) and of iodophor solution diluted in sodium chloride solution iso‐osmolar to the oocytes (reduction 52–61%) was similar (Experiment 3). The reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was persistent as it was 39–72% lower in embryos deriving from disinfected eggs than in embryos deriving from non‐disinfected ones (Experiment 4). In conclusion, the tested disinfection method is inadequate to eliminate pathogens completely but it could positively influence immune defence of eggs and embryos. 相似文献
19.
T. Citarasu K. Venkatramalingam M. Micheal Babu R. Raja Jeya Sekar M. Petermarian 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(6):581-595
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics and chemicals in shrimp hatcheries has led to biomagnification and that in turn could
lead to rejection of a whole consignment. The application of the bioencapsulation technique as a tool for curative treatment
in shrimp larvae was investigated. Herbs having antibacterial properties such as Solanum trilobatum, Andrographis paniculata and Psoralea corylifolia (methanolic extracts) were bioencapsulated in Artemia and fed to Penaeus monodon post larvae PL 1–25. The post larvae were reared in a medium inoculated with pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio sp. Post larvae reared in the non-inoculated water and fed with non-enriched Artemia exhibited 90% survival, highest specific growth rate (12.43%) and reduced bacterial load. P. monodon reared in the bacterial inoculated water and fed with the non-enriched Artemia exhibited the lowest survival (10–30%), specific growth rate (8.42–9.1%) and increased bacterial load (2.86 × 103 to 3.76 × 105 cfu/g). The methanolic extracts of the herbs helped to increase survival and specific growth rate and reduced bacterial load
in the P. monodon culture system. Among the three herbal extracts, P. corylifolia enriched Artemia fed post larvae showed the tendency to higher survival (>50%), growth rate (11.5 averaged) and low bacterial load (1.12 × 105 cfu/g).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
William King V David L. Berlinsky Craig V. Sullivan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(6):489-500
Plasma estradiol-17 (E2), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E2 and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E2 and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass. 相似文献