共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 114 毫秒
1.
On the basis of purifying effect of single strain probiotic bacteria on water of intensive turbot breeding, the purifying effect of multistrain bacteria product was studied. The results of experiments showed that the free multistrain mixed bacteria had better purifying effect on turbot breeding water than that of any singlestrain bacteria. this phenomenon can be explained with the principle of “ biopump”. The immobilized multistrain probiotics product, biofilm, also showed excellent purifying effect on wate
r of turbot breeding. The removal rates of COD and ammonia in 5 days were up to 73.1% and 80.0%, respectively. The concentration of nitrite kept low, which indicated most ammonia had been transformed into nitrate and accumulation of harmful intermediate productnitrite was decreased. This paper supplied theoretical and technical foundation for saving sea water through biopurification of wastewater from marine fish culture. 相似文献
2.
3种沉水植物对水华藻类生长的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Effects of three submerged macrophytes, Potamogeton crispus, Myriophyllum sp. and Ceratophyllum demersum on the growth of bloom algae were investigated. The results of the coexistence assay indicated that, Potamogeton crispus, Myriophyllum sp. and Ceratophyllum demersum inhibited significantly excessive growth of bloom algae. Of the three submerged macrophytes, Potamogeton crispus and Myriophyllum sp. have the stronger inhibition on bloom algae; at the relatively higher concentrations （Potamogeton crispus, Myriophyllum sp. and Ceratophyllum demersum fresh weight 80,80 and 160 g/L）, the aqueous extracts of fresh tissue of three submerged macrophytes can inhibit growth of bloom algae ; the growth of bloom algae was strongly inhibited by using dry powder; at the concentration of dry weight 20 g/L, the inhibitory effect by aqueous extracts of the dry powder of the three submerged macrophytes was beyond 50% ; the methanol extracts of the dry powder of three submerged macrophytes can inhibit growth of bloom algae at the relatively higher concentration. 相似文献
3.
草鱼加热过程中肌肉蛋白质的热变性 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The variations of muscle tissus, peroxidase and Ca2^2 -ATPase activities and Vp (pasteurization value) were investigated with the fresh samples of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) heated at different temperatures, thus revealing the mechanism of denaturation of muscle protein by heating. The experimental results showed the great difference in muscle tissue structure before and after the samples heated. In the initial stage of heating the water loss accounted for 50% of the total. When the samples were separately heated at 75, 85, and 95℃, fk values (dehydration curve slope) were 5, 4.1 and 1.7, respectively, while Vp reaching 40 minutes were 22, 8 and 5 min, respectively. As to the time for deactivation of peroxidase in the heated samples at the various temperatures, it varied from 38, 10 and to less than 6 min, respectively and the deactivation rates of Ca^2 -ATPase in 1 min were 50%, 88% and 100%, respectively. Consequently, the higher temperature the sample was heated, the faster rate of thermocon ductivity, the lower rate of water loss, and the faster rate of peroxidase deactivation it was. Also, the Vp for the least requirement of pasteurization ( Vp≥40min) was obtained. 相似文献
4.
中华鲟眼球的早期发育 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Histological studies on eyeball of the Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis showed that crystalline lens was laminated and musculi ciliaris was developed to crystalline lens. Iris was developed and optic nerve happened at 3 dph （days-post-hatch）. At 25 dph, visual cells of retina were developed. While eyeball tissues were developed at 60 dph and optic tract was thickened. The eye is small and accommodation of the Dens is weak. Therefore, it is may conclude that sense organ of vision of young Chinese sturgeon played an unimportant role in feeding behavior. 相似文献
5.
鱼类血液基因组DNA提取方法优化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The genomic DNA extracted from frozen whole blood of rainbow trout with methods of chloroform-potassium acetate, rapid genomic DNA extraction （RGDE） , improved RGDE, traditional phenol-chloroform and DNA reagent kit respectively, and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that mothode of improved RGDE can obtain better genomie DNA of fish. Then, the effect of extracting with improved RGDE methods were compared by ultraviolet spectrophotometric method with other mothods such as traditional phenol-chloroform from blood or muscle and DNA reagent kit from blood. The results showed that the average concentration of DNA extracted with method improved RGDE was 1 050 ng/μL, and was very significant higher than that by DNA kit or by phenol- chloroform, and the average output of DNA was 1 575μg/mL, and the rate of A260/A280 was between 1.65 - 1.97. It only spent 2 hours to extract DNA with the method of improved RGDE, and there were many obvious merits such as quick speed, low cost, no pollution and no using specific installations and so on, and to amplify by random primers, the rusuhs was stable,and the electrophoresis banding was clear. 相似文献
6.
盐度对黄鲷胚胎发育及早期仔鱼生长的影响 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
The effect of salinity on embryo and early larva development of Dentex tumiforns was discussed. Floating forms of egg in different salinities, optimal salinity for embryonic development and early larva growth was studied. The results showed: 1. In immobile condition, all eggs sank at salinity of 32.0, most of egg ssuspended in the middle of water at 34.0, and all eggs floated on the surface when salinity above 36.0. 2. Eggs did not hatch out at salinity of below 10.0 or above 60.0 and the death time of egg gradually moved up with increase or decline of salinity. Eggs hatched out at salinity range of 15.0 and 50.0, including abnormal larva. There was indistinct difference in speed of embryonic development (about 36-40h) within the salinity of 15.0 and 50.0. However the salinity had a great effect on larval survival after hatching and abnormal rate. The relation between hatching rate and salinity variation showed parabola but abnormal rate showed inverted parabola. The hatching rate was 81%-86% and abnormal rate of yolk sac larva was 27%-30% in suitable salinities of 27.0-39.0. The hatching rate was 89%-91% and abnormal rate was 13%-16% in optimal salinities of 33.0-36.0. The oil ball of abnormal larva was located in the central or front position. With increased extent of salinity, spondyle of larva bended and number of larva with arrhythmia increased. 3. The optimal salinities were 30.0-35.0 based on SAI. The test with SAI showed that SAI of early larvae was 41.25-47.53 at salinities of 30.0-35.0, the yolk and oil ball of 7-8 days larva was completely absorbed with a survival rate of 88%. 相似文献
7.
《齐鲁渔业》2014,(3):I0001-I0001
Influence of Sudden Changes of Temperature and Salinity on the Survival Rate of Larval Prawns Released into the Sea
Wang Yun-zhong et al. （1）
Abstract The experiments on the influence of sudden changes of temperature and salinity on the survival rate of larval Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus japonicus were carried out. The results indicated that the survival rate during 48 hours of P. chinensis was 100% when the salinity suddenly decreased 4 or increased 2 and the temperature decreased 6~C or increased 3 ~C, respectively; the 48 hours survival rate of P.japonicus was 100% when the salinity decreased 2 or increased 2and the temperature decreased 3 ~C or increased 6~C, respectively. The tolerance on the sudden change of salinity of P. chinensis was better than that ofP. japonicus; when the temperature decreased suddenly, the tolerance of P. chinensis was better than P. japonicus; it was just the reverse when the temperature increased suddenly. 相似文献
Wang Yun-zhong et al. （1）
Abstract The experiments on the influence of sudden changes of temperature and salinity on the survival rate of larval Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus japonicus were carried out. The results indicated that the survival rate during 48 hours of P. chinensis was 100% when the salinity suddenly decreased 4 or increased 2 and the temperature decreased 6~C or increased 3 ~C, respectively; the 48 hours survival rate of P.japonicus was 100% when the salinity decreased 2 or increased 2and the temperature decreased 3 ~C or increased 6~C, respectively. The tolerance on the sudden change of salinity of P. chinensis was better than that ofP. japonicus; when the temperature decreased suddenly, the tolerance of P. chinensis was better than P. japonicus; it was just the reverse when the temperature increased suddenly. 相似文献
8.
细角螺的繁殖生态条件及繁殖习性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hemifusus ternatanus(Gmelin), a gastropoda living in the deep water areas of undertide,as well as a delicious seafood, was distributed mainly in Chinese southeast seas and Japanese seas near the coast. In this experiment Hemifusus ternatanus' breeding ecological conditions and its propagation habit were studied in order to provide an experimental foundation for the artificial breeding. The brood stocks of test animals collected from the waters in Taiwan Strait, and then were examinated their growing temperature， salinity, feeding and propagation habit in the laboratory. The re
sults showed that the growing temperature for Hemifusus ternatanus ranges from 16 ℃ to 32 ℃, with an optimum temperature between 20 ℃ to 28 ℃ and between 23 ℃ and 28 ℃ for breeding. The optimum growth salinity was 18.3-32.3 though it much adapts to salinity from 13 to 35. They prefer to feed on bivalves particularly those with thin shells and byssusless. Hemifusus ternatanus is dioecious and fertilization finishes inside the body. It was called as egg vesicle procreation that the whole stages of embryo growth were developed within egg vesicle. Larva forms as soon as it leaves egg vesicle, which is called direct occurrence type. The larva became the juvenile after metamorphosis during 20-25 days development. It was first to obtained 233 juveniles with shell height 32-45 mm by an artificial breeding method. 相似文献
9.
美洲黑石斑鱼营养成分分析与营养价值评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In this experiment, the contents of the main nutrients such as protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium and phosphorus were analysed, and the contents of the trace elements, amino acids and fatty acids in its muscle were determined for Centropristis striata. Moreover, its nutritional value was evaluated and compared with other fishes,livestocks and poultries. The results showed that the content of dry matter and protein are higher in its muscle. Then, all of 17 common amino acids（AA） contents in muscle was 17.51% in the fresh sample, and 7 of them are human essential amino acids（EAA）41.58% in the total amino acids（TAA）. The ratio of essential amino acids to nonessential amino acids（EAA/NEAA） was 84.46% ,and the essential amino acids index（EAAI） was 57.71. According to AAS and CS,which basically accorded with the issued standard value by FAO and WHO. The content of 5 delicious amino acids was 44.37% in the TAA, and the ratio of branched chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids was 2.83. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was 22.3% rich in its muscle also, in particular EPA and DHA. In conclusion, Centropristis striata is a species of delicious and high nutritional value,which well deserves exploitation and utilization. At the same time, this experiment was preparing for the next study to provide reference data for artificial feed and the expansion of aquaculture. 相似文献
10.
Waste water treatment on freshwater fish farms is problematic as waste material and water flows can vary greatly on a daily
basis, and, in terms of effluent standards, fish farm effluent represents a dilute waste water output. A study was undertaken
to investigate in detail the nature of the waste outputs under field conditions. Waste water samples were split by meshes
into the following size ranges: >200μm, 200-100μm, 100-60μm, 60-30μm and <30μm. Waste water quality parameters, suspended
solids (SS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total phosphorus (TP) were examined for each size range at two freshwater fish farm sites in Scotland, as part of a
wider investigation into waste water quality of aquaculture operations. Results indicated that during periods of peak waste
output i.e. tank cleaning, approximately 80% of BOD5 and SS was present in a particle size range of 100-60μm, but only 66% of TP transport occurred in this size range. At other
times, low levels (≤40%) of entrapment of wastes by the chosen meshes was observed, suggesting a reversion to predominantly
dissolved material transport. Compared against a larger data set of outflow concentrations obtained from another section of
the study, maximum removal rates of 46%, 48% and 30% for BOD5, SS and TP respectively were determined. The implications for waste water treatment at fish farms are discussed. 相似文献
11.
水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
12.
该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100～200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100％;在盐度20～30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
13.
该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
14.
头足类耳石微化学研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
耳石是位于平衡囊内起平衡作用的一对钙化组织,它是头足类的加速度感应器,记录其生命周期内的生物和生态信息。随着鱼类耳石微化学研究及应用的日趋成熟与完善,头足类耳石的相应研究也逐渐兴起。目前头足类耳石微化学的研究内容主要包括无机和有机大分子、微量元素、同位素、微化学标记等方面,其中微量元素是应用研究的重点,在头足类种群识别、生活史分析及栖息环境重建等方面发挥了重要作用。分析认为,头足类微量元素在与栖息环境尤其水温关系的研究中取得了很好的结果,被认为是测定头足类生活水温的温度计。然而,涉及种群识别、生活史分析以及与盐度和食物关系的研究还不够充分,且多集中于Sr/Ca的研究。因此,建议在今后的研究中要综合多种研究方法按时间和空间序列从日轮水平分析多种微量元素的含量与变化。 相似文献
15.
虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄营养成分分析 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
本实验对虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄的营养成分进行分析,旨在探讨其幼体的营养需求量,为其幼体配合饲料研制提供参考数据。随机选取大约800个虎斑乌贼受精卵的卵黄,采用国家标准方法测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸和矿物元素含量。结果表明:1)虎斑乌贼受精卵卵黄中粗蛋白质含量为76.33%(干重基础);总氨基酸(TAA)和必需氨基酸(EAA)含量分别为71.22%和32.38%(干重基础),EAA/TAA为45.46%,氨基酸中以谷氨酸(Glu)含量最高(9.97%),必需氨基酸中亮氨酸(Leu)含量最高(7.58%)。2)其粗脂肪含量12.71%(干重基础);共检出17种脂肪酸,包括8种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和4种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),SFA、MUFA和PUFA分别占脂肪酸总量的43.47%、7.54%和49.25%,其中以DHA含量最高,达32.80%,EPA含量为7.70%,DHA/EPA为4.26。3)检测出Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、Al和As 矿物元素,微量元素中富含Zn、Al和Fe,含量分别为 0.77、0.71和0.43 mg/kg(鲜重基础)。由此可见,卵黄具有高蛋白、低脂肪,富含n-3PUFA的特点;虎斑乌贼幼体饲料中蛋白质需求量参考值为76.33%;氨基酸需求量参考值,如赖氨酸(Lys)为5.49%,蛋氨酸(Met)为2.63%;脂肪的需求量参考值为12.71%,DHA为4.17%,EPA为0.98%;微量元素需求量参考值,如Zn为2.77 mg/kg,Cu为0.19 mg/kg(干重基础)。 相似文献
16.
猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
17.
在扇贝育苗场的工程设计中，通过增国加热池的泡沫分离装置、充气的泡沫净化装置、生物效应灯用二级沙滤池，提高水质标准，除去水中部分细菌，提高了单位水体出苗率和效益。 相似文献
18.
T. K. Banerjee 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(4):441-454
Air-breathing fishes have evolved bimodal respiratory mechanisms for exploitation of water (through gills and highly vascularized
skin) as well as atmospheric air (through aerial respiratory organs, ABO). Mucous cells in these respiratory organs of variously
stressed fishes exhibit periodic fluctuations in their density and staining properties. The main types of damage in the gills
include congestion of blood capillaries (BLCs), periodic lifting and sloughing of respiratory epithelia of the secondary lamellae
causing haemorrhage, extensive fusion of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia due to uncontrolled
regeneration leading to asphyxiation, altered excretion, and death of the fish. Haemolysis has also been observed following
lead exposure. The damage in the ABO of Heteropneustes fossilis includes sloughing of the epithelial cells, leading to haemorrhage causing decreased red blood corpuscles density and degeneration
of the secondary gill lamellae with reduced respiratory area. Subsequent hyperplasia of the respiratory epithelia and fusion
of gill lamellae increase the respiratory barrier distance. The BLCs often bulge out and protrude into the lumen, bringing
blood nearer to air. The ladder-like pillar cell (PLC)-BLC components of the gill lamellae frequently collapse. Damage to
the ABO of Channa striata is less severe. Often haemorrhaging due to bursting of extensively stretched BLCs causes aerial respiratory failure. Chloride
cells of the ABOs also show hyperplasia. While the highly mucogenic epidermis of C. striata shows less damage, the epidermis of Clarias batrachus and H. fossilis shows severe wear and tear, sloughing, and haemorrhage. Side-by-side regeneration continues, causing altered histomorphology
of the epidermis. The different gland cells also show periodic fluctuations in their density and staining. The dermis also
shows severe damage with loosening of their connective tissue fibres. These fibres give stronger reactions for sulfated mucin
that not only retain additional water molecules for continuance of skin breathing, but also bind the toxic ambient pollutants. 相似文献
19.
Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):516-532
It is well-established in fish technology that freshness should be measured primarily by sensory procedures, though considerable effort has been expended in looking for nonsensory alternatives. A variety of methods for sensory evaluation of freshness has been described and this historical review traces developments of these methods. Much of the source material derives from the research literature such as research journals and reports of research, and the use of sensory methods in commercial quality control has scarcely been documented. There is a brief discussion of possible future developments in sensory evaluation of freshness. 相似文献
20.
不同品系盐生杜氏藻培养技术的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
4种不同品系盐生杜氏藻培养结果表明：常温下,A33是最适宜培养的藻种,经4天培养,藻细胞密度可达到114×104cell／ml,细胞生长率达到0．369;其次是A23、A140、A5藻种,细胞生长率分别为0．317、0．314、0．234。控温条件下,4种品系杜氏藻细胞生长速度明显增高,是常温条件下的1．2倍。 相似文献