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一、运输技术１．运输车辆一般为市场上经常使用的活鱼运输车，即在经过改装的货车上放上一只只容积为０．３米３左右的圆塑料桶，并在桶内放上１～２只充气头或者一只成十字型的充气管，气源由车上装载的３马力或５马力柴油机带动气泵来提供。２．运输用水运输途中的海水通常为大黄鱼养殖地的海水。如有特殊情况，无法使用养殖地的海水，可用海水晶来调制运输用水，水体比重一般在１．０１５～１．０２４之间。３．温度运输途中的海水温度一般跟养殖地海水的温度相近，在１０～２５℃之间。如在盛夏季节运输，为防止水温过高，在运输途中可… 相似文献
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如何提高鱼苗运输中的成活率，一直是鱼苗生产经营者孜孜以求的经营法宝。现结合实际谈一谈鱼苗运输的技术，以供参考。
一、认真做好运输准备 1．制定运鱼计划在鱼苗运输前，尤其是长距离运输，事先要制定详尽的运输计划，包括运输容器、交通工具、人员组织以及中途换水等事项，若是托运，还需算好运抵时间，以便通知接货人准时接货。 相似文献
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在生产实践中 ,运输鱼苗鱼种是一个十分重要的环节 ,要把好这一环节 ,必须注意以下１０个问题。１注意选用适合的容器运输鱼苗鱼种常用的容器有氧气袋、帆布桶、木（铁）桶、塑料桶、鱼篓等。氧气袋、帆布桶适宜于长距离、长时间、大批量运输 ,而木（铁）桶、塑料桶、鱼篓只适用于短距离、小量运输。用氧气袋运输时必须注意氧气袋质量 ,现在很多厂家生产了双层氧气袋 ,比较保险 ,还要注意用鱼苗箱（或其它容积相符的纸箱）盛装 ,也可用编织袋盛装 ,以免在运输途中被硬物刺破氧气袋。用帆布桶运输时注意在运鱼前２～３ｄ把帆布桶浸泡到水中 ,… 相似文献
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一、运输前准备做好运输前的准备工作是获得运输成功的基本环节。活鱼运输是一项技术要求高、责任性强的工作,要选派责任心强、能吃苦耐劳、有经验又懂技术的人承担。运输前必须制定周密的计划和做好相应的准备。 相似文献
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鱼类保活运输技术研究现状及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
安全高效的保活运输是保持鱼类鲜度的有效方式,既能满足消费者的需求,又可以提高企业的经济效益。介绍了有水运输和无水运输两种鱼类保活运输的技术方法,并对两种方法的优劣点进行了比较;阐述了鱼体体质、温度、水质(pH、溶氧、氨氮和代谢废物浓度)以及其他因素对鱼类运输存活率的影响;最后提出了现阶段鱼类保活运输存在的一些问题和应对措施,并对其发展前景进行了展望。根据对现有文献资料进行的分析,认为利用生态冰温法辅以二氧化碳作为麻醉剂进行无水运输将是今后鱼类保活运输研究和应用的重点。此外,开发无氧保活运输方法及相应的高效运输装备也应重点关注。这些都将有助于实现我国渔业现代化的更快发展。 相似文献
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运输对养殖黄颡鱼血液生化和肌肉物性分析指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定了在10.4~11.2℃下运输4 h后不同时间(0 h、1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、1 d、3 d、7 d和20 d)养殖黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)血液生理生化指标和肌肉物性分析指标的变化。结果显示,运输引起了黄颡鱼血清皮质醇和血糖浓度的显著升高(P0.05),在运输结束12 h后恢复到正常水平。运输后鱼体血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均有显著性升高,随着恢复时间的推移逐渐回降到正常水平;但过氧化物酶(POD)活性并未出现显著性差异,维持稳定的水平。运输后肌肉硬度、弹性、胶黏性、凝聚性、咀嚼性、回复性等物性分析指标均显著性降低。除了凝聚性和咀嚼性之外,其他肌肉物性分析指标在运输结束72 h后恢复到正常水平。研究表明,长途运输造成了养殖黄颡鱼的应激反应,对肌肉物性特征产生了显著的影响,但运输后的恢复可使鱼体抗氧化能力和肌肉物性分析指标回复到正常水平。 相似文献
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Kris P Chandroo Steven J Cooke R Scott McKinley & Richard D Moccia 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(12):1226-1238
Behavioural and energetic responses of domesticated rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (mean fork length=440±45 mm) to a brief transportation episode were investigated. Fish implanted with radio transmitters measuring muscle activity (electromyogram; EMGi) were transported in a standard commercial shipping tank for 50 min by truck, and then allowed to recuperate for 48 h in stationary culture tanks. The EMGi telemetry data indicated that vigorous swimming activity occurred during transportation. Telemetry recordings also indicated that the fish's swimming activity returned to baseline levels within the 48 h period after transport. However, even beyond the 48 h resting period, the swimming performance (measured as critical speed and endurance) of transported fish was still impaired relative to non‐transported controls (P<0.05). Respirometry measurements of fish taken after transportation indicated that oxygen consumption (Vo2) was significantly elevated. The rise in Vo2 of post‐transport fish could be attributed to handling procedures, as well as the intense swimming behaviour observed during transportation. Therefore, the behavioural responses of fish during transportation produced physiological consequences that persisted long after the transportation event. This study demonstrates the potential for utilizing behavioural measures, in concert with biotelemetry technologies, as tools to assess the impacts of routine aquacultural procedures on the health and welfare of captive fish. 相似文献
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Effects of linalool on physiological responses of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) and water physico‐chemical parameters during transportation 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mohammad Mazandarani Seyyed Morteza Hoseini Meisam Dehghani Ghomshani 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(12):5775-5781
This study investigated the potential of linalool as an anaesthetic during transportation of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The fish were transported at a loading density of ~103 g/L for 3 hr in 12 plastic bags (3 L water and 6 L pure oxygen) divided into four triplicated treatments: control (without linalool), L50 (50 mg linalool/L), L100 (100 mg linalool/L) and L200 (200 mg linalool/L). After 3‐hr transportation, serum physiological responses and water physico‐chemical parameters were compared among the treatments. Results showed that water total and un‐ionized ammonia increased and dissolved oxygen decreased in all treatments after transportation. Water total ammonia and dissolved oxygen levels in the linalool‐treated bags were significantly lower than the control. After transportation, the control fish showed significant elevation in serum cortisol and glucose levels; however, the levels were significantly lower than the linalool‐treated fish. All fish showed similar serum lactate levels, significantly lower than the value obtained before transportation. The control fish showed serum urea levels similar to the level obtained before transportation; however, the linalool‐treated fish had significantly higher serum urea levels compared to the control and before transportation levels. After transportation, all fish had decreased serum chloride and sodium levels compared to the before transport level. Overall, the present results showed that linalool is not beneficial for carp transportation in plastic bags, because it reacts with water oxygen, increases stress in fish, interferes with ammonia excretion and has no benefits in preventing ion loss. 相似文献
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Seyed Saeed Mirzargar Ali Taheri Mirghaed Seyyed Morteza Hoseini Melika Ghelichpour Mahsa shahbazi Morteza Yousefi 《Aquaculture Research》2022,53(1):191-198
The present study aimed at assessing the effects of addition of thymol [0 (T0), 2.5 mg/L (T2.5), 5 mg/L (T5) and 10 mg/L (T10)] to water on biochemical and antioxidant responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, during 3-h transportation. The lowest dissolved oxygen and ammonia levels after transportation were related to T2.5 and T5 treatments respectively. T5 treatment exhibited lower cortisol/glucose responses after transportation and 24 h after that, whereas T2.5 and T10 exhibited elevations in these parameters at the same times. Hyperammonaemia and hyperchloraemia were observed in T2.5 treatment immediately after transportation, but such changes were observed in all treatments, 24 h after transportation. Addition of 10 mg/L thymol to water prevented uraemia after transportation, but all thymol-treated fish exhibited uraemia, 24 h after transportation. Thymol treatment failed to mitigate lactate elevation immediately after transportation; nevertheless, T2.5 and T10 had, respectively, the lowest and highest lactate levels, 24 h after transportation. T5 treatment inhibited alteration in superoxide dismutase activity, immediately after transportation, and T10 exhibited a similar effect, 24 h after transportation. Addition of 2.5 mg/L thymol to water significantly increased catalase activity immediately after transportation, but such a response was observed in all treatments, 24 h after transportation. T2.5 and T10 exhibited higher malondialdehyde levels than T0 immediately after transportation, but such a response was observed in all thymol-treated fish, 24 h after transportation. In conclusion, addition of 5 mg/L thymol is beneficial in reducing water ammonia concentration and stress in carp during transportation. 相似文献
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Peng Li Brian Ray Delbert M. Gatlin III Todd Sink Ruguang Chen Rebecca Lochmann 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(6):803-809
As the most popular baitfish in the USA, the golden shiner is subjected to frequent handling and transportation episodes prior to retail marketing and recreational use. Considerable mortality and economic loss can occur during handling and transportation. Limited information is available concerning stress responses, such as cortisol secretion, and mobilization of nutrients, such as zinc and ascorbic acid, during handling and transportation of this fish species. Therefore, two concurrent experiments were performed to characterize cortisol responses, as well as changes in whole‐body zinc and visceral ascorbic acid concentrations, after harvesting, grading, and transporting by ground or air. During ground transportation, fish were sampled immediately after being subjected to the following conditions: seined from a commercial pond in Lonoke, Arkansas (I), released into vats from the loading truck (II), graded by bar grader (III), loaded onto a hauling truck (IV) and after transport for 10 h to Brenham, Texas (V). Fish were also sampled before and after air freight shipment. Whole‐body cortisol appeared to be a reliable endocrine marker for stress response of golden shiner subjected to handling and transportation. Grading by bar grader was the most stressful event in the process of handling and transporting golden shiners, resulting in a significantly elevated whole‐body cortisol concentration of 107 ng/g tissue, compared to concentrations of 6.3, 32.3, 15.7, and 30.4 ng/g tissue, for stages I, II, IV, and V, respectively. A significant increase in whole‐body cortisol concentration was also observed after air transportation of 22 h duration. No significant reductions in whole‐body zinc or visceral ascorbic acid concentrations were observed. 相似文献
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为探究大菱鲆分别在有水及无水条件下运输过程中生理生化指标及肌肉品质的变化,为大菱鲆的保活运输提供参考。将大菱鲆进行暂养、降温、充氧包装后进行模拟运输,并在运输不同时间段取样,检测大菱鲆生理生化指标及肌肉指标。结果显示,模拟运输18 h后,有水运输组和无水运输组中的大菱鲆存活率仍为100%。大菱鲆肌肉中水分含量、粗脂肪、pH、糖原、三磷酸腺苷(ATP)和腺苷酸(AMP)含量显著降低,乳酸和肌苷酸(IMP)含量升高。其中,有水运输组中的大菱鲆AMP含量降低了38.65%,IMP含量增加了29.1%,无水运输组中的大菱鲆AMP含量降低了12.83%,IMP含量增加了28.47%。大菱鲆血液生化指标中,葡萄糖、尿素氮和皮质醇含量显著升高。运输过程后,无水运输组中大菱鲆生理应激及能量代谢指标的变化幅度均小于有水运输处理组中的大菱鲆。此外,低温无水运输组大菱鲆肌肉中呈味核苷酸IMP和AMP含量显著高于有水运输组,表明低温无水运输增加了大菱鲆呈鲜味物质的含量,提高了鱼肉风味。研究表明,低温无水保活技术在活鱼运输中具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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对日本对虾亲虾运输，消毒暂养，催熟，幼体培育，养成，捕捞和活虾运输等全程技术进行了开发。１９９６年５００ｍ＾３育苗水体育出对虾苗４５００万尾，获得利８０余万元；８００亩精养池产虾１万ｋｇ，获利５０余万元，经济效益可观。 相似文献
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随着市场对鲜活鱼贝类需求的加剧,保活运输技术的研究成为热点。低温可使鱼贝类呼吸减弱、新陈代谢降低,进入"冬眠"状态,便于无水保活运输。鱼贝类生态冰温无水活运的关键工艺包括生态冰温的确定、梯度降温、贮运环境、唤醒。本文主要介绍了生态冰温原理、技术特点以及一些关键工艺方法,分析了鱼贝类生态冰温无水活运过程中需要注意的技术点,如鱼贝类品类、运输装备及运输途中各环节的有机衔接等,并对已有生态冰温无水活运技术进行了总结,指出该技术未来研究趋势及方向,为优化、完善鱼贝类生态冰温无水活运体系研究提供参考。 相似文献