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1.
内参基因在实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)中具有校准的作用,然而鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染异育银鲫内参基因目前仍未见研究报道。采用qRT-PCR技术检测不同处理条件下异育银鲫组织和尾鳍细胞GAPDH、EF-1α、18S rRNA和β-actin 4个候选内参基因在组织和尾鳍细胞的转录水平,利用软件geNorm、Norm Finder、Best Keeper和Delta Ct分析了其表达量的稳定性,以筛选出健康异育银鲫不同组织以及鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染的肾脏、脾脏和异育银鲫尾鳍细胞在不同时间均较稳定的内参基因。geNorm稳定值以及4个内参的表达量Ct值分析显示,健康异育银鲫脑、脾脏、肾脏、肌肉、鳃、肠、肝脏和心脏组织中β-actin和EF-1α都是比较稳定的内参基因;鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染肾脏和尾鳍细胞不同时间点,内参基因β-actin稳定性最佳;鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染脾脏不同时间点时,EF-1α稳定性最佳。分别以4个候选内参基因为内参分析PIN1基因在肾脏组织不同感染时间的相对表达量,结果进一步证实,PIN1基因在肾脏组织感染不同时间点以β-actin为内参时,其表达量呈下降趋势,与cDNA文库测序中的表达量分析结果一致,各时间点的表达量差异极显著(P<0.01)。本试验结果有利于研究异育银鲫在不同处理条件下基因的表达分析,可为获得精准的结果奠定理论基础。 相似文献
2.
本研究检测了18S rRNA(18S)、28S rRNA(28S)、组织蛋白酶Z(cathepsin Z,CTSZ)、延伸因子1-α(elongationfactor 1-α,EF-1α)、3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,gapdh)、β肌动蛋白(β-actin)6个候选内参基因在17α,2β双羟孕酮(DHP)诱导鲤(Cyprinus carpio)卵母细胞最终成熟过程的表达情况,并应用不同的内参分析软件对数据进行了分析.Bestkeeper软件分析表明EF-1α的变异系数和标准差是6个候选内参基因中最低的,且Bestkeeper指数在6个候选内参基因中最高,说明其表达稳定性最高,适合做为内参基因;geNorm软件分析认为需要同时使用EF-1α和CTSZ两个内参基因来校正目标基因的表达;NormFinder软件分析同样表明EF-1α是6个候选内参基因中表达最稳定的;最后通过RefFinder软件综合比较分析,确定EF-1α相对于其他5个候选内参基因,在17α,20β双羟孕酮诱导卵母细胞最终成熟阶段表达最为稳定,可作为内参校正17α,20β双羟孕酮诱导鲤卵母细胞最终成熟阶段各基因的表达情况. 相似文献
3.
《福建水产》2020,(2)
定量PCR技术已经成为基因表达水平测定最常用的方法,选择合适的内参基因对基因表达水平的准确定量至关重要。本文检测了菊黄东方鲀β-actin、GAPDH、EF1-α和18S rRNA等4种内参基因在不同组织、生长环境和发育阶段中的表达,应用3种内参基因筛选软件(geNorm、NormFinder和Bestkeeper)综合分析了这4种内参基因表达的稳定性。结果表明内参基因在成鱼养殖和野生菊黄东方鲀内的稳定性排名均为:EF1-αβ-actin18S rRNAGAPDH;在养殖菊黄东方鲀3月龄、6月龄和12月龄三个发育阶段中内参基因EF1-α最稳定,其他各组织在不同发育阶段内参基因的选择有所差异。研究结果为不同条件下菊黄东方鲀功能基因表达的定量分析提供重要参考。 相似文献
4.
拟穴青蟹不同发育时期胚胎基因表达的内参基因的筛选 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为获得适用于研究拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)不同发育时期胚胎基因表达的内参基因,本研究采用3个内参基因筛选软件geNorm、NormFinder及BestKeeper对微管蛋白α1A(Tuba1a)、核糖体蛋白L13(Rpl13)、泛素(UBQ)、核糖体蛋白S6激酶(Rps6)、精氨酸激酶(Ak)、3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(gapdh)、28S核糖体RNA(28S)、18S核糖体RNA(18S)和延伸因子1A基因(EF-1α)等9个常用候选内参基因在拟穴青蟹不同发育时期胚胎的表达稳定性进行分析。geNorm分析表明, EF-1α和Rpl13的表达稳定性最高,并且采用2个内参基因同时校正目标基因的定量结果可以达到最优效果; NormFinder分析表明, gapdh和EF-1α是9个候选内参基因中表达最稳定的; BestKeeper分析表明,gapdh的标准偏差和变异系数是9个候选基因中最低的。综合3个内参基因筛选软件,可以选用EF-1α,或选用EF-1α和gapdh双内参同时校正拟穴青蟹不同胚胎发育时期各基因的表达情况。 相似文献
5.
为比较甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)、18S rRNA和β-actin基因在脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)作内参基因的优劣,本研究采用同源克隆和RACE技术,克隆了脊尾白虾GAPDH基因全长cDNA序列(GenBank登录号:KX893516),通过实时荧光定量PCR(quantative real-time PCR,qPT-PCR)技术,检测3种基因在脊尾白虾不同组织及不同蜕壳后时间点的表达量变化,在此基础上进行内参稳定性分析。结果显示,脊尾白虾GAPDH基因全长1514 bp,开放读码框1002 bp,编码333个氨基酸,二级结构预测显示GAPDH蛋白具有一个高度保守的NAD~+结合功能域(NAD binding domain)和行使糖运输和代谢的催化功能域。分析qRT-PCR结果并结合ge Norm、Norm Finder和Best Keeper 3种软件的分析发现,在不同组织和不同蜕壳后时间点,3种内参基因的稳定性由高到低依次为18S r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin。因此,在脊尾白虾不同组织和不同蜕壳后时间点的定量分析中,选取单内参基因时,推荐使用18S rRNA为内参基因,双内参时推荐18S rRNA和GAPDH,而18S rRNA、β-actin和GAPDH在其他生理条件下作内参基因的稳定性还有待进一步研究。 相似文献
6.
7.
高光胁迫下坛紫菜定量PCR内参基因的筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了筛选不同高光光强胁迫下坛紫菜中表达水平最为稳定的内参基因,本研究采用qRT-PCR技术测定了植物中常用的6种内参基因UBC、TUB、18S、EF2、ACT和GAPDH在不同光照强度下培养的坛紫菜藻体中的绝对表达水平,并采用比较Ct值法、Ge Norm、Bestkeeper和NormFinder软件分析4种方法对6种候选内参基因的表达稳定性进行评估。结果显示,UBC的Ct值变化范围最小,18S的Ct值变化范围最大;ge Norm软件分析结果显示最稳定的内参基因为UBC和EF2;Bestkeeper和NormFinder软件分析结果类似,UBC基因的稳定值M均为最低值(分别为0.044和0.80),说明其表达水平最稳定。研究表明,UBC基因可以作为不同光照条件下坛紫菜基因表达qRT-PCR分析的最适内参基因。 相似文献
8.
实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）是基因表达研究的常用方法,筛选达氏鲟（肌动蛋白（）、18S核糖体RNA（）共7个常用内参基因作为候选基因,利用geNorm、NormFinder、BestKeeper和RefFinder 4个软件分析这7个候选基因在达氏鲟成鱼不同组织和不同发育时期胚胎及性腺的表达稳定性。结果表明,7个候选内参基因的定量PCR引物均可获得特异性扩增产物和理想的扩增效率。在成鱼不同组织中,候选内参基因稳定性由高到低的顺序为18S rRNA > > GAPDH > -actin > ;在不同发育时期卵巢中,候选内参基因稳定性由高到低的顺序为 > ,而不同发育卵巢最稳定表达的内参基因是。本研究旨在为今后达氏鲟不同组织、不同发育时期胚胎及性腺的基因表达差异研究提供理论基础。 相似文献
9.
内参基因在虾夷扇贝定量PCR中表达稳定性的比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用实时荧光定量技术,检测虾夷扇贝的β-actin、Glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogen-ase、α-tubulin、Cytochrome b5、TATA box binding protein-associated factor、Elongation factor 1α共6个内参基因在饥饿胁迫下各组织、致病菌感染前后和水环境升温前后不同时间段血样中的mRNA表达情况。经geNorm程序统计分析,6个内参基因在上述处理中的表达稳定性存在差异,导致不同处理中适用的内参基因有所不同。为进一步开展虾夷扇贝基因表达的定量研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
10.
实时荧光定量 PCR 已广泛用于基因表达的分析,合适的内参基因选择是获得准确分析结果的关键。本研究选用正常生理状态下岩牡蛎(Crassostrea nippona)的鳃、外套膜、闭壳肌和内脏团 4 种组织以及盐度 10、20 和 30暂养 1 周后的鳃组织为材料,对已报道的常见内参基因(EF1A、GAPDH、RO21、TUB 和 TUA)的稳定性通过 3 种方法(geNorm、NormFinder 和 BestKeeper)进行分析和筛选,发现针对鳃单一组织在不同盐度胁迫下, GAPDH 和RO21 可以作为合适内参基因,而在不同组织中,需要更多的内参基因联合分析才能获得准确的定量表达结果。本研究是首次利用 q-PCR 对岩牡蛎进行内参基因的筛选和验证,为今后该物种低盐胁迫相关的基因表达和功能基因的研究提供重要依据。 相似文献
11.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
12.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
13.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
14.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
15.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
16.
Sandra García‐Garrido Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado Carlos Rosas Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting. 相似文献
17.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future. 相似文献
18.
Effect of iodophor disinfection of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs on their bacterial and fungus load 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Franz Lahnsteiner 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3901-3909
This study investigated the efficiency of iodophor disinfection (135 ppm active iodine for 15–30 min) of non‐hardened Salmo trutta eggs against different groups of bacteria and against fungus. Egg samples were taken from non‐disinfected and from disinfected eggs, microorganisms were cultured on specific nutrient media and their mass was measured by turbidimetric methods. Bacteria and fungus mass of non‐hardened eggs could be reduced but not eliminated by iodophor disinfection with 135 ppm active iodine for 15 min. The extent of reduction was 47–65% (Experiment 1). The efficiency of disinfection increased with disinfection time as the reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was 40–55% after 15 min and 58–74% after 30 min (Experiment 2). Disinfection efficiency of iodophor solution diluted in water (reduction 49–57%) and of iodophor solution diluted in sodium chloride solution iso‐osmolar to the oocytes (reduction 52–61%) was similar (Experiment 3). The reduction in bacteria and fungus mass was persistent as it was 39–72% lower in embryos deriving from disinfected eggs than in embryos deriving from non‐disinfected ones (Experiment 4). In conclusion, the tested disinfection method is inadequate to eliminate pathogens completely but it could positively influence immune defence of eggs and embryos. 相似文献
19.
T. Citarasu K. Venkatramalingam M. Micheal Babu R. Raja Jeya Sekar M. Petermarian 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(6):581-595
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics and chemicals in shrimp hatcheries has led to biomagnification and that in turn could
lead to rejection of a whole consignment. The application of the bioencapsulation technique as a tool for curative treatment
in shrimp larvae was investigated. Herbs having antibacterial properties such as Solanum trilobatum, Andrographis paniculata and Psoralea corylifolia (methanolic extracts) were bioencapsulated in Artemia and fed to Penaeus monodon post larvae PL 1–25. The post larvae were reared in a medium inoculated with pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Vibrio sp. Post larvae reared in the non-inoculated water and fed with non-enriched Artemia exhibited 90% survival, highest specific growth rate (12.43%) and reduced bacterial load. P. monodon reared in the bacterial inoculated water and fed with the non-enriched Artemia exhibited the lowest survival (10–30%), specific growth rate (8.42–9.1%) and increased bacterial load (2.86 × 103 to 3.76 × 105 cfu/g). The methanolic extracts of the herbs helped to increase survival and specific growth rate and reduced bacterial load
in the P. monodon culture system. Among the three herbal extracts, P. corylifolia enriched Artemia fed post larvae showed the tendency to higher survival (>50%), growth rate (11.5 averaged) and low bacterial load (1.12 × 105 cfu/g).
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
William King V David L. Berlinsky Craig V. Sullivan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(6):489-500
Plasma estradiol-17 (E2), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E2 and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E2 and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass. 相似文献