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1.
氯羟吡啶在鸡组织中的残留研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
本文报道用高效液相色谱法检测肉鸡肌肉和肝脏组织中氯羟吡啶的残留。肉鸡肌肉和肝脏组织经乙腈提取，用氧化铝柱和葡聚糖凝胶阴离子交换柱净化分离，洗脱液浓缩后用含内标物的甲醇溶解。以磷酸盐缓冲液／乙腈（８５／１５，ｖ／ｖ）作为流动相，苯甲酰胺作为内标物，用ＲＰ－１８柱（２２０×４．６ｍｍ）在紫外波长２７０ｎｍ处检测。将氯羟吡啶以０．０５、０．１０和０．５０μｇ／ｇ分别添加到空白肌肉组织中，测得肌肉组织回收率为８８．０％、９０．４％和９１．６％；以０．１０和０．５０μｇ／ｇ水平添加到肝脏组织中，肝脏组织回收率为８５．４％和９０．２％，变异系数均低于１０％。用该方法测定肌肉和肝脏组织中氯羟吡啶残留的最低检测限分别为０．０２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。经１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ氯羟吡啶混料饲喂ＡＡ肉鸡，停药当天（０ｄ）测得肉鸡肌肉和肝脏组织残留量为２．８５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和７．０６ｍｇ／ｋｇ。停药７ｄ时测得肌肉和停药１０ｄ时测得肝脏组织残留量分别低于０．０２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ。  相似文献   

2.
对引入青海高原的２７只北极狐作２０项生理生化参数测定。测定结果：ＲＢＣ，ＷＢＣ，Ｈｂ，嗜中性白细胞，淋巴细胞，单核细胞，嗜酸性、嗜碱性白细胞分别为９．４０±１．８６（１０￣（１２）／Ｌ），７．４０±１．２８（１０￣９／Ｌ），１４．２０±１．８（ｇ／ｄｌ），４０．５８±１．５５（％），５６．５０±１．９３（％）．２．４０±０．７５（％），０．８１±０．０８（％），０．２９±０．０６（％）；血清总蛋白，Ａ／Ｇ，尿素氮，血清总脂，淀粉酶，血糖，Ｋ￣＋，Ｎａ￣＋，Ｃｌ￣－，Ｃａ￣（２＋），Ｍｇ￣（２＋），Ｐ分别为５８．４１±５．３０（ｇ／Ｌ），１．８０±０．１８，６．６９±１．５５（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），７．８８±０．６６（ｇ／Ｌ），６２１±８７．０７（Ｕ／ｄｌ），５．２２±０．６３（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），２．２４±０．５３（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），１７７．０８±１３．４２（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），１０５．５０±１１．６０（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），２．４８±０．４５（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），１．１７±０．２３（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），２．４１±１．０６（ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）；同时测得Ｔ，Ｐ，Ｒ分别为３９．２±０．３９（℃），１２７±１０．３（次／ｍｉｎ），２９．２±５．２  相似文献   

3.
以１７β－雌二醇－６－人血清白蛋白对新西兰公兔进行主动免疫，用ＲＩＡ检测抗体滴度和１７β－雌二醇及睾酮浓度，并检测睾丸重量和间质细胞面积。结果，试验组各兔均不同程度地产生了１７β－雌二醇抗体，其血浆１７β－雌二醇浓度极显著地低于对照组〔（２０．３±２１．６）ｎｇ／Ｌ，（１６７．７±４９．６）ｎｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．００１〕，睾酮浓度极显著地高于对照组〔（７．３±７．１）μｇ／Ｌ，（０．５２±０．２９）μｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０１〕。每侧睾丸重量和间质细胞面积均极显著地大于对照组〔（３．９４±０．９３）ｇ和（２５２．２５±８５．７８）μｍ２，（２．９８±０．７２）ｇ和（１６１．７９±３６．４５）μｍ２，Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．００１〕。提示１７β－雌二醇主动免疫可望成为提高雄性动物生育力的有效途径之一  相似文献   

4.
以试管两倍稀释法测得二氟沙星对猪肺炎支原体（ Ｆ１６ 株）和兰氏 Ｃ 群类马链球菌（ Ｃ５５ １ ２０ ）的最小抑菌浓度分别是０１６ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ及 １６ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ。肌注给药对猪支原体性肺炎及链球菌病的实验性治疗结果表明,低、中、高剂量二氟沙星组（２５、５、１０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）及蒽诺沙星组（２５ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）用药 ５ 天（每隔 １２ 小时给药一次）对猪支原体性肺炎的治愈率分别是 ８０％ 、９０％ 、１００％ 及９０％ ;而支原体感染对照组的自愈率为１０％ 。低、中、高剂量二氟沙星组及蒽诺沙星组（２５ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）用药 ４ 天（每隔 １２ 小时给药一次）对猪链球菌病的治愈率分别是 ５０％ 、８０％ 、８０％ 及 ８０％ ,而链球菌感染对照组的死亡率为 ５０％ 。  相似文献   

5.
β-激动剂克伦特罗在猪肝脏和肌肉组织中的残留   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
本文报道用高效液相色谱法检测β 肾上腺素能激动剂（克伦特罗Ｃｌｅｎｂｕｔｅｒｏｌ）在猪肝脏和背最长肌中的残留量。在肥育猪日粮中添加３ｍｇ／ｋｇ克伦特罗,试验期３０天,停药０、１、２、３、４天屠宰取肝脏和肌肉样。组织经匀浆浓缩提取,色谱条件为：ＣＬＣ ＯＤＳ色谱柱;以２０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＨ２ＰＯ４＋３０μｍｏｌ／ＬＥＤＴＡ（ｐＨ３．９）乙腈＝８２１８（Ｖ／Ｖ）为流动相;紫外检测波长为２４３ｎｍ。结果表明,克伦特罗最低检测限为２ｎｇ／ｇ。停药当天（０天）肝脏和肌肉组织残留量分别为２０８．５ｎｇ／ｇ和１０．０ｎｇ／ｇ。停药后残留量迅速下降,肌肉在停药后第２天即检测不出,而肝脏要到第４天才检测不出。  相似文献   

6.
表２试验结果kg项目泰农组泰乐菌素Ⅰ组泰乐菌素Ⅱ组试验开始重６．５６．６６．４试验结束重２２．７２１．９２１．６总摄食量１４４０１６２９１４７８头日均采食量０．７０２０．７１８０．７４６日均增重０．４５００．４２５０．４２２料肉比１．５６１．６９１．７７注：以上数据已充分考虑试验中因病淘汰猪只的增重及耗料。表１３组饲料中药物添加情况组别泰农组泰乐菌素Ⅰ组泰乐菌素Ⅱ组猪只头数５７６３５５药物添加剂量１１０×１０－６泰农１１０×１０－６泰乐菌素２２０×１０－６泰乐菌素＋１１０×１０－６SM２＋１１０×…  相似文献   

7.
对青海省乐都县５１头驴的１３项血清（浆）生化参数进行测定，结果：总蛋白为７４．４±９．７ｇ／Ｌ，Ａ／Ｇ为Ｏ．９±０．２，总脂为２．５±０．６ｇ／Ｌ，胆固醇为２．５±０．９ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｋ￣＋为４．５±０．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｎａ￣＋为１３７±３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃａ￣（２＋）为２．３±０．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｍｇ￣（２＋）为１．６±０．４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，无机磷为２．０±０．６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＧＰＴ为８．４±６．４ＩＵ／Ｌ，ＧＯＴ为１１．６±９．７ＩＵ／Ｌ，血浆葡萄糖为５．６±０．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；上述参数在骟、母驴间无显著差异。  相似文献   

8.
高效液相法测定盐酸沙拉沙星制剂的含量   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
采用高效液相色法测定盐酸沙拉沙星制剂的含量,用Ｎａｖａ－ＰａｋＣ１８１５０＊３．９ｍｍ色谱柱,以０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ柠檬酸－０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸铵－乙腈（８０：１０：１８）为流动相,用高氯酸调ＰＨ至２．４;流速１．２ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检波波长２７４ｎｍ;线性范围０．２－１．２μｇ（ｒ＝０．９９９９）,平均回收率９９．７％,ＲＳＤ＝０．３％（ｎ＝７）。本方法简便,准确,适用该产品质量控制。  相似文献   

9.
用电感耦合等离子发射光谱分析（ＩＣＰ一ＡＥＳ）法对８只东北虎血清中１１种金属宏量和微量元素的含量进行了测定，８只东北虎各种元素平均含量的置信区间（μ）钠为２４２±８３（ｍｇ／ｄ１）、钾为１２８土４２（ｍｇ／Ｌ）、钙为４２上１７（ｍｇ／Ｌ）、铜为Ｏ．２６±Ｏ．Ｏ９（ｍｓ／Ｌ）、镁为１１．１土４．２（ｍｇ／Ｌ）、锌为１．７５±１．３１（ｍｇ／Ｌ）、铁为１．６±Ｏ．５（ｍｇ／Ｌ）、钴为１．５±０．２５μｇ／Ｌ）、锰为１３．２土３．８μｇ／Ｌ）、钼为１Ｏ．４士Ｏ．６７（μｇ／Ｌ）和铝为３９．１±３．３（μｇ／Ｌ）。本文首次报道了多只东北虎血清多种元素的生理参考值，为东北虎多方面的研究和应用提供了科学依据。  相似文献   

10.
泰乐菌素在肉仔鸡日粮中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
选用ＡＡ公雏４８０只，随机分为５个处理（２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ酒石酸泰乐菌素；１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ酒石酸泰乐菌素；８．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ磷酸泰乐菌素；４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ金霉素；５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ洛克沙生），每个处理８个重复，每个重复１２只鸡，三阶梯笼养。试验表明：在用药期（１～６周）及整个试验期（１～７周）内，三个泰乐菌素处理组的增重高于金霉素和洛克沙生组，料肉比低于金霉素和洛克沙生组，但尚未达到统计学显著水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）；在肉仔鸡日粮中，添加１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的酒石酸泰乐菌素即可发挥作用，将其添加量提高至２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ水平，并未进一步提高鸡的生产性能。从经济效益及环保和卫生角度考虑，肉仔鸡日粮中酒石酸泰乐菌素的添加水平以１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ为宜。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

19.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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20.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

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