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1.
采用平板计数法研究不同外源寡糖对崂山奶山羊粪便双歧杆菌数量的影响。试验选用安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康崂山奶山羊6只,采用分期分组试验设计,在不同时期分别饲喂添加1%(有效含量计)甘露寡糖、半乳甘露寡糖、寡木糖、低聚异麦芽寡糖、果寡糖的日粮,并设立空白对照组,每期35 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验组粪便双歧杆菌数量有所增加,其中试验第1、7、14 d果寡糖组,第21 d半乳甘露寡糖组、寡木糖组、果寡糖组均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。本试验条件下,果寡糖对提高奶山羊粪便中双歧杆菌数量效果较明显。 相似文献
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本试验研究了4种寡糖对健康艾维茵肉仔鸡肠道微生态的影响.选用健康艾维茵肉仔鸡20只,随机分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复1只鸡,进行为期40 d的饲养试验.试验第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,第2、3、4、5组为基础日粮中分别添加同一水平糖量(0.015％)的低聚异麦芽糖组(GOS)、低聚木糖组(XOs)、果寡糖组(FOS)、甘露寡糖组(MOS).饲喂40 d后,研究寡糖对内仔鸡盲肠微生物(乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、大肠杆菌)数量的影响.结果表明,各种低聚糖能显著降低肉仔鸡盲肠微生物中大肠杆菌的数量(P＜0.05),其中XOS能显著提高盲肠微生物中双歧杆菌与大肠杆菌的比值,显示出良好的促进双歧杆菌增值的作用;MOS能显著提高盲肠微生物中乳酸杆菌与大肠杆菌的比值,显示出良好的促进乳酸杆菌增值的作用. 相似文献
3.
外源寡糖对山羊瘤胃液酶活及粗饲料瘤胃降解率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为比较不同外源寡糖对山羊瘤胃液主要酶活及常用粗饲料瘤胃降解率的影响,选用体况良好、体重(62.80±2.45)kg、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年崂山奶山羊去势公羊6只。采用6×4不完全拉丁方试验设计。羊只分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照)及添加1%外源寡糖[甘露寡糖(MOS)、半乳甘露寡糖(GMOS)、寡木糖(XOS)、低聚异麦芽寡糖(IMO)、果寡糖(FOS)]的试验饲粮;试验进行4期,每期35 d,其中预试期25 d,正试期10 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加MOS可显著提高羧甲基纤维素酶活性(P<0.05);GMOS、IMO和FOS可显著提高滤纸纤维素酶活性(P<0.05);添加IMO、XOS、GMOS和FOS可显著或极显著提高β-葡萄糖苷酶活性(P<0.05或P<0.01);添加MOS、GMOS、XOS、FOS和IMO可显著或极显著提高木聚糖酶活性(P<0.05或P<0.01);添加IMO、GMOS和FOS可显著提高中性蛋白酶活性(P<0.05);添加FOS可显著提高α-淀粉酶活性(P<0.05)。2)饲粮添加MOS、GMOS、IMO、XOS、FOS可提高玉米全株青贮、花生蔓、羊草、苜蓿中干物质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率。综合各项指标,在1%添加水平下,GMOS和FOS在山羊饲粮中添加效果较好。 相似文献
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毕小艳 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2012,32(12):63-64
甘露寡糖(Mannose-OigoSaccharides,MOS)又称甘露低聚糖或葡甘露聚糖,是寡糖的一种。MOS是从富含MOS的酵母细胞壁中通过酶解法提取出来的磷酸化的葡甘露聚糖蛋白复合体,是甘露低聚糖的俗称。甘露寡糖应用到畜牧生产中具有减少大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌等致病菌数量,增加乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量,有效改善肠道内微生物环境,从而提高动物日增重和饲料 相似文献
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6.
甘露寡糖对肉鸡肠道微生物的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
选取11日龄肉鸡1200只，随机分为6组，每组4个重复，每个重复50只鸡。在肉鸡饲粮中不添加抗生素的情况下，添加适量的甘露寡糖，试验表明甘露寡糖能部分或完全取代抗生素在肉鸡饲粮中应用，其中甘露寡糖添加量以0.5-1.0g，kg效果较好。适量的甘露寡糖能促进盲肠和回肠中双歧杆菌增殖；也能促进回、盲肠中乳酸杆菌增殖；同时抑制大肠杆菌的生长。 相似文献
7.
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加果寡糖(FOS)、甘露寡糖(MOS)以及两者复合物(复合寡糖,FOS+MOS)对广西黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能、血清生化指标和饲粮养分代谢率的影响。开产种鸡(24周龄)432羽,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,每组3个重复,每个重复36羽鸡。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.4%FOS、0.02%MOS和0.4%FOS+0.02%MOS的试验饲粮。结果表明,添加FOS、MOS及复合寡糖均可不同程度提高种鸡的产蛋率、种蛋合格率、受精率,降低料蛋比,其中添加FOS可显著提高孵化率;Ⅱ组血清总蛋白、球蛋白均显著高于其他组;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清总胆固醇,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组;各组间丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性差异不显著。与对照组相比,添加FOS和复合寡糖显著提高种鸡饲粮粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维含量和磷的消化代谢率。可见,在黄羽肉鸡种鸡饲粮中添加FOS、MOS及其复合物均可不同程度提高黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能,改善血清生化指标和饲粮养分代谢率,且以单独添加FOS效果为优;FOS、MOS两者复合使用没有明显的协同效应。 相似文献
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选用体况良好、年龄相近、体质量（32.80±2.45）kg、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的崂山奶山羊6只,采用分期分组试验设计,分别饲喂添加1%（以有效含量计）甘露寡糖（MOS）、半乳甘露寡糖（GMOS）、果寡糖（FOS）、寡木糖（XOS）和异麦芽寡糖（IMO）的试验日粮,另设不添加寡糖的对照组。试验共分为4期,每期35d,其中预试期14d,正试期21d。结果表明：1）21d时,FOS组的血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）含量显著升高（P〈0.05）,GMOS组的血清AKP、溶菌酶含量显著升高（P〈0.05）。2）21d时,FOS组、MOS组和GMOS组的血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著或极显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;7、21d时,FOS组的血清免疫球蛋白G、M含量显著或极显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;14、21d时,GMOS组的血清免疫球蛋白G、M含量显著或极显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;7、14d时,MOS组的血清免疫球蛋白M含量极显著升高（P〈0.01）。3）7d时,FOS组血清白细胞介素-2、4、6含量显著或极显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;7、21d时,GMOS组血清白细胞介素-2、6含量显著升高（P〈0.05）;14d时,FOS组和GMOS组血清白细胞介素-4含量显著升高（P〈0.05）。试验结果表明,不同外源寡糖对奶山羊有较好的免疫调节作用,其中,添加FOS和GMOS效果最好。 相似文献
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不同外源寡糖对崂山奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究不同外源寡糖对奶山羊瘤胃微生物区系的影响。试验选用 ６只平均体重为（３２．８０±２．４５）ｋｇ、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的崂山奶山羊,采用分期分组试验设计。各组羊饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）以及分别在基础饲粮中添加 １％甘露寡糖（ＭＯＳ组）、半乳甘露寡糖（ＧＭＯＳ组）、寡木糖（ＸＯＳ组）、低聚异麦芽糖（ＩＭＯ组）、果寡糖（ＦＯＳ组）的试验饲粮。共进行４期试验,每期 ２３ｄ,其中预试期 １４ｄ,正试期 ９ｄ。于晨饲前（０ｈ）,晨饲后 ２、４、６、８ｈ以及晚饲前（晨饲后 １０ｈ）采集瘤胃液,测定瘤胃液中细菌总数以及纤维素分解菌、原虫和真菌数量。结果表明：与对照组相比,试验组瘤胃液细菌总数趋于增加,仅晨饲前 ＭＯＳ组显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）;试验组瘤胃液纤维素分解菌数量有所提高,其中 ＭＯＳ组（０ｈ）、ＧＭＯＳ组（０、２、４ｈ）、ＦＯＳ组（０、２、４ｈ）显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;试验组瘤胃液原虫数量有所提高,其中 ＭＯＳ组（２和 ４ｈ）、ＸＯＳ组（４ｈ）显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）;试验组瘤胃液真菌数量有所提高,其中ＧＭＯＳ组和 ＦＯＳ组（０ｈ）极显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＭＯＳ组（２ｈ）、ＩＭＯ组（２ｈ）、ＦＯＳ组（２ｈ）、ＭＯＳ组（４ｈ）、ＦＯＳ组（６ｈ）显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。细菌总数、纤维素分解菌和原虫数量呈先下降后上升趋势,真菌数量呈先上升后下降趋势。本试验条件下,添加不同外源寡糖对瘤胃微生物影响有所差异,其中甘露寡糖、半乳甘露寡糖和果寡糖对瘤胃液纤维素分解菌、原虫和真菌的增殖作用较明显。 相似文献
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《中国养兔杂志》2020,(3)
试验旨在研究日粮中添加单宁酸对家兔盲肠微生物菌群的影响。选择50日龄左右体重相近的健康獭兔150只,随机分为5组,按照单因素设计进行饲养试验。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组为试验组,在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%和0.20%的单宁酸,预饲期5 d,正饲期60 d。研究发现:与对照组相比,饲喂添加单宁酸的日粮组家兔盲肠双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的数量均呈上升的趋势,试验组盲肠大肠杆菌的数量呈下降的趋势,结果表明,在家兔日粮中添加单宁酸能增加盲肠有益菌(双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌)的数量,减少盲肠有害菌(大肠杆菌)的数量,改善盲肠微生物环境。 相似文献
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外源寡糖对奶山羊血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究外源寡糖对奶山羊血清生化指标和抗氧化指标的影响,试验选用体况良好、年龄相近、体重（３２．８０±２．４５）ｋｇ的崂山奶山羊 ６只,采用分期分组试验设计,分别饲喂添加 １％（以有效含量计）甘露寡糖、半乳甘露寡糖、果寡糖、寡木糖和异麦芽寡糖的试验饲粮,另设不添加寡糖的对照组。试验共分为 ４期,每期 ３５ｄ,其中预试期 ７ｄ,正试期 ２８ｄ。结果表明：与对照组相比,果寡糖可显著降低血清丙二醛和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）,显著提高血清中总蛋白和球蛋白含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）;甘露寡糖可显著降低血清丙二醛含量和谷丙转氨酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）,提高血清中球蛋白和血清磷含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）;半乳甘露寡糖可显著提高血清中总蛋白（Ｐ＜０．０５）、球蛋白（Ｐ＜０．０１）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＜０．０５）和血清磷含量（Ｐ＜０．０５）,增强血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）,降低血清丙二醛（Ｐ＜０．０１）、尿素氮（Ｐ＜０．０５）、甘油三酯（Ｐ＜０．０５）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＜０．０５）含量,降低血清谷丙转氨酶活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。各种寡糖对奶山羊血清谷草转氨酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和白蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、血清钙含量无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。综上所述,饲粮中添加不同寡糖能够在一定水平上提高奶山羊的抗氧化能力,改善机体脂质代谢、蛋白质合成以及钙、磷的吸收,且对肝脏和心脏无损害,建议在奶山羊饲粮中添加的寡糖种类有果寡糖、甘露寡糖和半乳甘露寡糖,其中半乳甘露寡糖为首选。 相似文献
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为探究饲料中嗜酸乳杆菌对肉鸡生产的效果,试验选取11日龄健康的黄羽肉鸡200羽,随机分为5组。分别为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),试验1、2、3、4组在基础日粮中分别添加5、10、15g/kg的嗜酸乳杆菌和150mg/kg的抗菌肽。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,嗜酸乳杆菌组显著提高了肉鸡的日增重与采食量(P<0.05);但与抗菌肽组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)添加嗜酸乳杆菌15g/kg时,试验组中盲肠段内的双歧杆菌数量显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,4个试验组中的盲肠、回肠乳酸杆菌与双歧杆菌均有所提高,但只有试验3、4组呈现显著性差异(P<0.05),除此之外,各分组中回肠大肠杆菌数量无明显差异(P>0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,饲料中添加不同嗜酸乳杆菌能明显提高肉鸡生长性能和饲料利用率,增加经济效益。 相似文献
13.
1. The effects of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS, Bio-Mos, Alltech Inc.) on the growth performance and digestive system, particularly gut microflora, were tested and compared with fructooligosaccharide (FOS, Raftilose P95, Orafti) using 1-d-old birds in an Escherichia coli challenge model. The experiment lasted for 3 weeks and zinc bacitracin (ZnB) was used as a positive control. 2. Dietary MOS had positive effects on body weight gain (BWG) or/and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) of the challenged birds compared to the negative control at the end of weeks 1 and 3. Similar results were obtained for ZnB treatment. In contrast, FOS supplementation improved only the BWG of the challenged birds at 21 d of age. Within the unchallenged birds, a large improvement in BWG was noticed for FOS treatment at the end of the experiment, with the BWG of birds on ZnB and MOS treatments being intermediate. The FCE of the unchallenged birds was not affected by the dietary additives. 3. The addition of MOS reduced the number of mucosa-associated coliforms in the jejunum of the challenged birds on d 7. On d 21, FOS tended to increase the number of jejunal mucosa-associated lactobacilli in both the challenged and unchallenged birds. The number of Clostridium perfringens in the gut lumen was reduced by only ZnB. 4. Dietary MOS reduced the jejunal crypt depth of birds on d 7, regardless of the challenge. The FOS supplement did not affect the gut morphology, however, the concentration of lactic acid in the ileum was increased and, depending on the challenge, the intestinal pH was decreased by FOS at different ages. 5. In conclusion, the effects of MOS or FOS on the composition and activities of gut microflora and mucosal morphology of birds were related to E. coli challenge as well as the age of birds, which may be involved in the observed different growth-improving effects of the tested dietary additives. 相似文献
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This experiment was conducted to research the growth promoting effects of fermented corn stalks with compound bacteria on otter rabbit. The daily feed of otter rabbit was based on fermented corn stalks (roughage ration composed mostly of fermented corn stalks). The growth performance, intestinal tract bacteria and the digestive enzyme activities of otter rabbit were studied. A total of 150 health otter rabbits, 9 weeks old, weighted about (1.90±0.14) kg, were allotted to 2 groups (control group and experimental group) for 10 days preliminary trial period and 30 days trial period. The results were as follows:Compared with control group, the average daily gain (ADG) increased by 14.60% (P<0.05) and F/G decreased by 10.50% (P<0.05) of the experimental group; In intestinal tract of otter rabbit, the number of E.coli were reduced by 46.13% (P<0.01), the number of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria and Bacillus increased by 30.64% (P<0.05), 29.27% (P>0.05) and 39.23% (P<0.01),respectively; The activities of protease, amylase, cellulose enzyme and glucanase were increased by 23.20%(P<0.05), 32.96% (P<0.05), 12.63% (P<0.01) and 21.09% (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the fermented corn stalks could promote the growth and improve the intestinal tract ecological environment of the otter rabbit. The results established the theoretical foundation for fermented corn stalks feeding on otter rabbit. 相似文献
15.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of mannan oligosaccharides with different adding schemes on growth performance, fecal microorganism and serum immune indexes of calves.Twenty newborn Holstein calves were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group.The claves in group Ⅰ（control group）were not fed the mannan oligosaccharide.The calves in group Ⅱ were fed 5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the milk,and that of group Ⅲ were fed 5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the starter diet while calves of group Ⅳ were fed 2.5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the milk and the starter diet,respectively.The feeding trial lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:①During the whole experiment period,body length an body structure of calves had no significant difference between the groups（P>0.05).②During the whole experiment period,the average daily dry matter intake（ADMI）and average daily gain（ADG）in the experiment groups was higher than the control group,the F/G was lower than the control group,and group Ⅱ was the best of the three experiment groups.③On 21th day,the number of Bifidobacterium in feces of the calves in the group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in other groups（P<0.05),and that of group Ⅱ was the highest;The number of E.coli in feces of the calves in the group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in other groups（P<0.05),and the group Ⅱ was the lowest.On 56th day,the number of Bifidobacterium of experimental groups were higher than that of control group.The change of E.coli number of four groups were as the same as 21th day.④On 21th day,the serum IgA content of experimental groups were higher than group Ⅰ,and that of group Ⅱ were significantly increased（P<0.05);IgG had a similar change with the IgA;The serum IgM content of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than group Ⅰ（P<0.05), while that of group Ⅲ was lower than control group;On 56th day,the serum immune indexes of experimental groups were all higher than control group（P>0.05).In conclusion,adding mannan oligosaccharides could promote calf growth performance,gut health and immunity,while adding mannan oligosaccharide to milk had better effects. 相似文献
16.
Short-chain fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were supplemented to the diets of nine quarter horses ranging in age from 489 to 539 d with initial BW averaging 400.6 +/- 21.2 kg. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of dietary FOS on the fecal responses in terms of pH, the microbial population, and VFA concentrations. The horses were used in a 3 x 3 replicated Latin square design, fed according to NRC requirements, and their individual diets were supplemented with no FOS (CON), 8 g of FOS/d (LOW), or 24 g of FOS/d (HIGH) over three 10-d feeding periods. On the last 3 d of each 10-d feeding period, a single fecal sample was collected between 0730 and 0930. Fecal pH decreased linearly (P = 0.01) from 6.48 with the CON diet to 6.38 with the HIGH diet, but there was no change (P = 0.19 for linear effect) in fecal consistency among treatments. A quadratic effect (P < 0.01) was observed for fecal Escherichia coli population, but no difference (P = 0.88 for linear effect) was found in fecal Lactobacilli enumeration among treatments. The presence of fecal Bifidobacteria was unable to be confirmed and was therefore not reported. Fecal acetate concentrations increased linearly (P = 0.03), with means of 2.13, 2.18, and 2.52 mg/g of wet feces for CON, LOW, and HIGH treatments, respectively. Similarly, fecal propionate concentrations increased linearly (P = 0.01), with means of 0.58, 0.64, and 0.73 mg/g for CON, LOW, and HIGH treatments, respectively. Fecal butyrate concentrations also increased linearly (P = 0.02), with means of 0.40, 0.46, and 0.54 mg/g for CON, LOW, and HIGH treatments, respectively. Total VFA (P = 0.01) and lactate (P = 0.02) concentrations increased linearly, with total VFA means of 3.47, 3.69, and 4.25 mg/g for CON, LOW, and HIGH treatments, respectively, and lactate means of 0.36, 0.41, and 0.47 mg/g for CON, LOW, and HIGH treatments, respectively. Supplementing FOS in diets fed to yearling horses altered fecal microbial populations, fecal VFA concentrations, and pH. 相似文献
17.
酿酒酵母培养物对817肉仔鸡生长性能、养分表观利用率及肠道菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在探讨酿酒酵母培养物(SC)对817肉仔鸡生长性能、养分表观利用率及肠道菌群的影响。试验选取1日龄体重相近的817肉仔鸡600只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素+2.6 mg/kg黄霉素,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 500、5 000、7 500 mg/kg SC,试验期为60 d。结果显示:1)1~21日龄,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)均显著高于对照组(P0.05),与抗生素组无显著差异(P0.05);在22~60日龄和1~60日龄2个阶段,试验Ⅱ组的ADG显著高于对照组(P0.05),ADFI显著高于抗生素组(P0.05);22~60日龄,3个试验组的料重比和死亡率较对照组差异均不显著(P0.05),但在1~60日龄有下降趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。2)试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组较对照组显著提高了总磷的表观利用率(P0.05);各组粗蛋白质、钙的表观利用率无显著差异(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组盲肠中大肠杆菌的数量显著降低(P0.05),与抗生素组无显著差异(P0.05);试验Ⅱ组盲肠中乳酸菌数量和试验Ⅲ组空肠中双歧杆菌数量均显著高于对照组和抗生素组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加适宜水平的SC能增加817肉仔鸡ADFI和ADG,降低料重比,增强对饲粮中总磷的利用率,促进乳酸菌、双歧杆菌的增殖,抑制大肠杆菌的增殖;当SC添加水平为5 000 mg/kg时,对动物的促生长效果最佳,优于抗生素。 相似文献