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1.
不同基因型生长肥育猪可消化赖、蛋+胱、苏、色氨酸平衡模式研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验比较研究了平均体重(33.64±1.2)kg 的大白×长白生长猪与平均体重(32.5±0.8)kg 的雅南猪可消化赖、蛋 +胱、苏、色氨酸平衡模式。按照氨基酸(AA)部分扣除氮沉积比较法 ,分别用18头大长猪和18头雅南猪进行N平衡试验。每个N平衡试验均设6个处理组 ,即高蛋白基础饲粮组(BD)、低蛋白加合成氨基酸对照组(PC)、在PC基础上轮流将所研究的4种AA扣除25 %的其它4个试验组。每个处理设3个重复 ,每个重复1头猪。饲粮为玉米—豆粕—玉米蛋白粉型。所有饲粮等能(3.40McalDE/kg) ,基础饲粮CP与可消化Lys水平相应为161g/kg、5.28g/kg。试验期大长猪日喂料120g/kgW 0.75,雅南猪日喂料100g/kgW 0.75。试验结果表明 ,按单位代谢体重的N沉积与可消化AA摄入量计算 ,大长猪AA平衡比例为 :Lys100、Met +Cys49、Thr72、Trp19 ;雅南猪为 :Lys100、Met+Cys78、Thr76、Trp21。结果显示 ,饲粮可消化氨基酸平衡模式因猪的基因型不同而异。与外种猪比较 ,雅南猪需要比较高比例的蛋 +胱、苏氨酸和色氨酸。 相似文献
2.
为研究生物发酵蛋白饲料的应用效果,试验选择体况良好,体重相近的长大二元猪为试验对象,其中保育仔猪200头(试验1组),随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复20头;生长育成猪(50~75 kg)100头(试验2组),随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+5%的发酵饲料。结果表明,试验1组、试验2组仔猪和生长育成猪的试验组的日增重均极显著高于对照组(P0.01),料重比、腹泻数均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。试验结果表明,生物发酵蛋白饲料在仔猪和生长育成猪的应用效果良好。 相似文献
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4.
本研究开展了30 d的饲养试验以确定可消化钙水平对饲喂不同磷含量日粮生长猪生长性能和骨成分的影响。试验选择平均体重为(50.21±2.1)kg的生长猪180头,随机分为15组,每组12头猪,每个重复4头猪。试验日粮采用3×5因子设计,可消化磷水平分别为1.4、2.7、4.1 g/kg,可消化钙水平分别为1.3、2.5、3.8、5.0,和6.3 g/kg。结果表明,日粮可消化钙和可消化磷水平对生长猪末重、日增重、饲料报酬、骨钙和骨磷含量的影响具有显著交互作用(P<0.05)。在可消化钙磷比值分别为1.20∶1和1.25∶1,可消化磷水平为2.7 g/kg时,预测的最大体重为87.20 kg,日增重为1.23 kg。但由于方程的线性性质,没有得到预测的最大饲料报酬。随着日粮可消化钙水平的增加,无论饲粮中可消化磷水平是多少,平均日采食量均表现为显著降低(P<0.05)。可消化磷含量为2.7和4.1 g/kg时,预测的骨骼灰分最大值分别为55.8和60.1 g/kg,对应的可消化钙磷比值分别为2.03∶1和1.59∶1。综上所述,当日粮磷水平达到或低于需要水平时,过量的钙对50~85 kg猪生长性能具有负面影响。而当可消化钙水平高于需要水平时,饲粮中含有高于需要水平的可消化磷可以使猪的生长性能最大化。骨灰分最大化所需的可消化钙水平大于生长性能最大化需要的可消化钙水平,同时当磷水平达到需要量时,保证足够的骨矿化而不影响生长性能所需的可消化钙磷比为1.23∶1。 相似文献
5.
《中国畜牧杂志》2015,(13)
试验旨在研究15~30 kg烟台黑猪对可消化苏氨酸的需要量。先选取6头体重(15.00±1.31)kg的健康烟台黑阉公猪进行消化试验,获取试验日粮的回肠表观可消化氨基酸数据;然后选择体重(15±1.53)kg的烟台黑生长猪120头,公、母各半。根据前期的试验结果,日粮可消化赖氨酸水平均设定为0.85%,按照日粮表观可消化苏氨酸水平设置0.48%、0.51%、0.54%、0.57%4个水平处理组,每个处理5个重复,每个重复6头猪。平均体重达到30 kg左右时试验结束。结果表明:0.51%组试验猪与0.48%、0.54%、0.57%组相比,平均日增重分别提高了28.13%(P0.01)、5.13%(P0.05)、13.89%(P0.01),饲料增重比分别降低了13.02%(P0.01)、3.37%(P0.05)、8.41%(P0.01);同0.51%组相比,0.48%组、0.57%组平均日采食量分别降低了11.57%、4.96%(P0.01);0.51%组试验猪血清尿素氮含量最低,血清总蛋白含量最高,在血清尿素氮含量及血清总蛋白含量方面,各组间差异均不显著;其他方面,血清游离苏氨酸含量0.51%组显著高于0.48%组(P0.05),总氨基酸含量含0.51%组与0.54%组差异显著(P0.05),其余各处理组间均差异极显著(P0.01)。由试验结果结合回归分析,15~30 kg烟台黑生长猪可消化苏氨酸需要量为0.53%。 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在通过研究哺乳期饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对荣昌母猪生产性能、血液指标和乳成分的影响,以确定荣昌哺乳母猪标准回肠可消化赖氨酸(SID Lys)的适宜需要量。选取2~3胎血缘相近的荣昌母猪50头,到妊娠110 d时按体况随机分为5组(每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪),分别饲喂SID Lys水平为0.60%(组1)、0.70%(组2)、0.80%(组3)、0.90%(组4)和1.00%(组5)的饲粮,哺乳期28 d。结果表明:1)提高饲粮SID Lys水平有减少母猪体重损失的趋势(P=0.068 9);高水平(1.00%)的SID Lys比0.60%~0.80%SID Lys显著降低了1~14日龄仔猪平均日增重(P<0.05),但饲粮SID Lys水平对仔猪哺乳全期的生长没有显著影响(P>0.05)。2)哺乳第14天的母猪血清尿素氮含量随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度的降低,其中组3~组5显著低于组1(P<0.05)。饲粮SID Lys水平对哺乳第28天的母猪血清胰岛素、类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、促黄体素和促卵泡素水平均无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著影响了血清雌二醇水平(P<0.05),其中组4显著高于组1、组2和组5(P<0.05)。饲粮SID Lys水平对初乳的成分指标没有显著影响(P>0.05),但常乳中的非脂固形物和乳蛋白含量及乳密度随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度的增加,其中组4和组5显著高于组1(P<0.05)。通过对母猪哺乳期体重变化、血清尿素氮和雌二醇含量进行二次曲线模拟,得到荣昌哺乳母猪饲粮SID Lys的适宜水平为0.83%~0.89%。 相似文献
7.
《广东饲料》2016,(11)
本研究开展两个试验研究标准回肠可消化(SID)色氨酸:赖氨酸比例对保育猪生长性能的影响。试验日粮设计确保赖氨酸为第二限制性氨基酸。试验一(6~10kg):255头保育猪(PIC 327×1050,起始体重6.3±0.15 kg)随机分成6个处理,每个处理7个重复,每个重复6~7头仔猪,试验期14天,试验日粮SID赖氨酸浓度为1.30%,各处理日粮中SID色氨酸︰SID赖氨酸比例分别为14.7%、16.5%、18.4%、20.3%、22.1%和24.0%。试验二(10~20kg):1088头仔猪(PIC 327×1050,起始体重11.2±1.35公斤)随机分成7个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复24~27头仔猪,试验期21天,试验日粮含30%DDGS、SID赖氨酸浓度为0.97%,各处理日粮中SID色氨酸:SID赖氨酸比例分别为14.5%、16.5%、18.0%、19.5%、21.0%、22.5%和24.5%。试验结果采用具有异方差的广义线性混合模型分析,竞争异方差模型包括折线线性模型(BLL)、折线二次模型(BLQ)和二次多项式模型(QP),采用贝叶斯信息准则筛选各指标的最优估测模型。试验一:提高日粮SID色氨酸︰赖氨酸比例线性提高6~10kg体重仔猪的日增重和饲料转化效率。以日增重为评价指标时二次多项式模型最适用,应用该模型估测试验猪获得最佳日增重的SID色氨酸︰赖氨酸比例为23.9%。以饲料转化效率为评价指标时折线线性模型最适用,应用该模型估测试验猪获得最佳饲料转化效率的SID色氨酸︰赖氨酸比例为20.4%。试验二:提高日粮SID色氨酸︰赖氨酸比例,10~20kg仔猪的日增重和饲料转化效率呈二次方式增加。以日增重为评价指标时二次多项式模型最适用,获得最佳日增重的日粮SID色氨酸:赖氨酸比例21.2%。以饲料转化效率为评价指标时折线线性模型和折线二次模型均适用,二者估测获得最佳饲料转化效率的日粮SID色氨酸:赖氨酸比例分别为16.6%和17.1%。结论:试验一表明6~10kg仔猪日粮SID色氨酸:赖氨酸比例从20.4%到23.9%可分别获得最佳饲料转化效率和日增重;试验二表明10~20kg仔猪日粮SID色氨酸:赖氨酸比例从16.6%到21.2%可分别获得最佳饲料转化效率和日增重。这些结果提示NRC(2012)可能低估了11~20 kg阶段仔猪SID色氨酸:赖氨酸需要比例。 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在通过研究哺乳期饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对荣昌母猪生产性能、血液指标和乳成分的影响,以确定荣昌哺乳母猪标准回肠可消化赖氨酸(SID Lys)的适宜需要量。选取2~3胎血缘相近的荣昌母猪50头,到妊娠110 d时按体况随机分为5组(每组10个重复,每个重复1头猪),分别饲喂SID Lys水平为0.60%(组1)、0.70%(组2)、0.80%(组3)、0.90%(组4)和1.00%(组5)的饲粮,哺乳期28 d。结果表明:1)提高饲粮SID Lys水平有减少母猪体重损失的趋势(P=0.068 9);高水平(1.00%)的SID Lys比0.60%~0.80%SID Lys显著降低了1~14日龄仔猪平均日增重(P0.05),但饲粮SID Lys水平对仔猪哺乳全期的生长没有显著影响(P0.05)。2)哺乳第14天的母猪血清尿素氮含量随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度的降低,其中组3~组5显著低于组1(P0.05)。饲粮SID Lys水平对哺乳第28天的母猪血清胰岛素、类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ、促黄体素和促卵泡素水平均无显著影响(P0.05),但显著影响了血清雌二醇水平(P0.05),其中组4显著高于组1、组2和组5(P0.05)。饲粮SID Lys水平对初乳的成分指标没有显著影响(P0.05),但常乳中的非脂固形物和乳蛋白含量及乳密度随饲粮SID Lys水平的提高均有不同程度的增加,其中组4和组5显著高于组1(P0.05)。通过对母猪哺乳期体重变化、血清尿素氮和雌二醇含量进行二次曲线模拟,得到荣昌哺乳母猪饲粮SID Lys的适宜水平为0.83%~0.89%。 相似文献
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10.
低蛋白日粮下赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验选用12头初始体重为(15.33±2.10)kg健康杜×长×大杂交去势公猪,分为6个处理,采用6×6双拉丁方设计,研究低蛋白日粮条件下赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能的影响。试验日粮包括1个高蛋白对照组(粗蛋白水平为18%,标准可消化赖氨酸0.83%)和5个低蛋白处理组(粗蛋白水平为14%,标准可消化赖氨酸水平分别为0.63%、0.73%、0.83%、0.93%和1.03%)。结果表明:日粮粗蛋白水平降低4%后,生长猪的氮排放量显著降低(P<0.01),氮沉积率和生物学价值随着日粮赖氨酸水平的升高呈线性上升(P<0.01);日粮粗蛋白和赖氨酸水平对生长猪的生长性能并无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合考虑日粮标准可消化赖氨酸水平对生长猪氮平衡和生长性能这两方面的影响,当日粮粗蛋白水平较《猪饲养标准》(2004)的推荐标准降低4%时,15~40kg生长猪最适日粮标准回肠可消化赖氨酸水平为0.93%~1.03%。 相似文献
11.
Three experiments were conducted to determine the Val and Ile requirements in low-CP, corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) AA-supplemented diets for 20- to 45-kg pigs. All experiments were conducted for 26 to 27 d with purebred or crossbred barrows and gilts, which were blocked by initial BW. Treatments were replicated with 5 or 6 pens of 3 or 4 pigs per pen. At the beginning of Exp. 1 and the end of all experiments, blood samples were obtained from all pigs to determine plasma urea N (PUN) concentrations. All diets were C-SBM with 0.335% supplemental Lys to achieve 0.83% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys, which is the Lys requirement of these pigs. In Exp. 1, 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, or 0.10% L-Val was supplemented to achieve 0.51, 0.53, 0.55, 0.57, 0.59, or 0.61% dietary SID Val, and Thr, Trp, Met, and Ile were supplemented to maintain Thr:Lys, Trp:Lys, TSAA:Lys, and Ile:Lys ratios of 0.71, 0.20, 0.62, and 0.60, respectively. Also, supplemental Gly and Glu were added to all diets to achieve 1.66% Gly + Ser and 3.28% Glu, which is equal to the Gly + Ser and Glu content of a previously validated positive control diet that contained no supplemental AA. Treatment differences were considered significant at P < 0.10. Valine addition increased ADG, ADFI, and G:F in pigs fed 0.51 to 0.59% SID Val (linear, P < 0.08), but ADG and ADFI were decreased at 0.61% SID Val (quadratic, P ≤ 0.10). On the basis of ADG and G:F, the SID Val requirement is between 0.56 and 0.58% in a C-SBM diet supplemented with AA. In Exp. 2 and 3, 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, or 0.08% L-Ile was supplemented to achieve 0.43, 0.45, 0.47, 0.49, or 0.51% dietary SID Ile, and Thr, Trp, Met, and Ile were supplemented to maintain Thr:Lys, Trp:Lys, TSAA:Lys, and Val:Lys ratios of 0.71, 0.20, 0.62, and 0.74, respectively. Also, supplemental Gly and Glu were added to achieve 1.66% Gly + Ser and 3.28% Glu as in Exp. 1. Data from Exp. 2 and 3 were combined and analyzed as 1 data set. Daily BW gain, ADFI, and G:F were not affected by Ile additions to the diet; however, ADFI was decreased among pigs fed the diet with 0.45% SID Ile (P < 0.10) compared with pigs fed the 0.43% SID Ile diet. Broken-line analysis requirements could not be estimated for the combined data from Exp. 2 or 3. The results of this research indicate that the SID Val requirement is between 0.56 to 0.58% (0.67 to 0.70 SID Val:Lys), and the Ile requirement is adequate at 0.43% SID Ile (0.52 SID Ile:Lys) for 20- to 45-kg pigs. 相似文献
12.
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the growth performance of grower pigs fed low-CP, corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) AA-supplemented diets with that of pigs fed a positive control (PC) C-SBM diet with no supplemental Lys. Five experiments were conducted with Yorkshire crossbred pigs, blocked by BW (average initial and final BW were 21 and 41 kg, respectively) and assigned within block to treatment. Each treatment was replicated 4 to 6 times with 4 or 5 pigs per replicate pen. Each experiment lasted 28 d and plasma urea N was determined at the start and end of each experiment. All diets were formulated to contain 0.83% standardized ileal digestible Lys. All the experiments contained PC and negative control (NC) diets. The PC diet contained 18% CP and was supplemented with only DL-Met. The NC diet contained 13% CP and was supplemented with L-Lys, DL-Met, L-Thr, and L-Trp. The NC + Ile + Val diet was supplemented with 0.10% Val + 0.06% Ile. The NC + Ile + Val diet was supplemented with either His (Exp. 1), Cys (Exp. 2), Gly (Exp. 2, 3, and 4), Glu (Exp. 3), Arg (Exp. 4), or combinations of Gly + Arg (Exp. 4 and 5) or Gly + Glu (Exp. 5). Treatment differences were considered significant at P < 0.10. In 3 of the 4 experiments that had PC and NC diets, pigs fed the NC diet had decreased ADG and G:F compared with pigs fed the PC diet. The supplementation of Ile + Val to the NC diet restored ADG in 4 out of 5 experiments. However, G:F was less than in pigs fed the PC diet in 1 experiment and was intermediate between the NC and PC diets in 3 experiments. Pigs fed supplemental Ile + Val + His had decreased G:F compared with pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed supplemental Cys to achieve 50:50 Met:Cys had decreased G:F compared with pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed Ile + Val + 0.224% supplemental Gly had similar ADG, greater ADFI, and decreased G:F compared with pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed Ile + Val + 0.52% supplemental Gly had ADG and G:F similar to that of pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed supplemental Glu had decreased G:F compared with pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed Ile + Val + 0.48% supplemental Arg had decreased G:F compared with pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed the diet supplemented with Gly + Arg had ADG and G:F similar to pigs fed the PC. Pigs fed the low-CP diets had reduced plasma urea N compared with pigs fed PC. The results of these experiments indicate that supplementing Gly or Gly + Arg to a low-CP C-SBM diet with 0.34% Lys, Met, Thr, Trp, Ile, and Val restores growth performance to be similar to that of pigs fed a PC diet with no Lys supplementation. 相似文献
13.
Three experiments were conducted to determine the optimum standardized ileal digestible Val-to-Lys (SID Val:Lys) ratio for 13- to 32-kg pigs. In Exp. 1, 162 pigs weaned at 17 d of age (8 pens/treatment) were used, and a Val-deficient basal diet containing 0.60% l-Lys·HCl, 1.21% SID Lys, and 0.68% SID Val was developed (0.56 SID Val:Lys). Performance of pigs fed the basal diet was inferior to a corn-soybean meal control containing only 0.06% l-Lys·HCl, but was fully restored with the addition of 0.146% l-Val to the basal diet (68% SID Val:Lys). In Exp. 2, 54 individually housed barrows (21.4 kg) were utilized in a 14-d growth assay. Pigs were offered a similar basal diet (1.10% SID Lys), ensuring Lys was marginally limiting with no supplemental l-Val (55% SID Val:Lys). The basal diet was fortified with 4 graded levels of l-Val (0.055% increments) up to a ratio of 75% SID Val:Lys. In Exp. 3, 147 barrows (13.5 kg) were fed identical diets, only with 1 additional level at a SID Val:Lys of 80% and fed for 21 d. In Exp. 2 and 3, a high protein, control diet was formulated to contain 1.10% SID Lys and 0.20% l-Lys·HCl. In Exp. 2, linear effects on ADG (713, 750, 800, 796, and 785 g/d; P = 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.07) were observed with increasing SID Val:Lys, characterized by improvements to a ratio of 65% and a plateau thereafter. In Exp. 3, quadratic improvements in ADG (600, 629, 652, 641, 630, and 642 g/d; P = 0.08) and G:F (P = 0.07) were observed with increasing SID Val:Lys, as performance increased to a ratio of 65% but no further improvement to a ratio of 80%. Pigs fed the control diet did not differ from those fed a ratio of 65% SID Val:Lys in Exp. 2, but did have improved G:F in Exp. 3 (P = 0.03). To provide a more accurate estimate of the optimum SID Val:Lys, data from Exp. 2 and 3 were combined. With single-slope broken-line methodology, the minimum ratio estimate was 64 and 65% SID Val:Lys for ADG and G:F, respectively. With combined requirement estimates, the data indicate that a SID Val:Lys of 65% seems adequate in maintaining performance for pigs from 13 to 32 kg. 相似文献
14.
Shelton NW Tokach MD Dritz SS Goodband RD Nelssen JL DeRouchey JM 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(11):3587-3595
Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys on growing and finishing gilts. Diets in all 3 experiments were corn-soybean meal-based and contained 0.15% l-Lys?HCl and 3% added fat from choice white grease. Desired SID Lys concentrations were achieved by altering levels of corn and soybean meal in the diet. Each experiment consisted of 6 treatments with 7 pens per treatment and approximately 27 gilts (PIC 337 × 1050) per pen. In Exp. 1, 1,085 gilts (initially 38.2 kg) were fed diets formulated to contain SID Lys concentrations of 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, or 1.2% for 28 d, which were analyzed to be total Lys concentrations of 0.78, 0.86, 0.99, 1.06, 1.14, and 1.24%, respectively. As SID Lys increased, ADG and G:F improved (quadratic, P < 0.003) with optimal performance reached at the SID Lys level of 1.1% or SID Lys:ME ratio of 3.16 g/Mcal. Broken-line analysis indicated breakpoints of 1.03 and 1.05% SID Lys for ADG and G:F, respectively. Gilts in this trial required approximately 21.8 g of SID Lys intake per kilogram of BW gain from 38 to 65 kg. In Exp. 2, 1,092 (initially 55.2 kg) gilts were fed diets formulated to contain SID Lys concentrations of 0.66, 0.74, 0.82, 0.90, 0.98, or 1.06% for 28 d, which were analyzed to be total Lys concentrations of 0.75, 0.73, 0.84, 0.90, 0.95, and 0.97%, respectively. Both ADG (quadratic, P = 0.12) and G:F improved (linear, P < 0.001) as SID Lys increased, with broken-line analysis of ADG indicating a requirement estimate of 0.90%, which corresponds to a SID Lys:ME ratio of 2.58 g/Mcal. Gilts in this trial required approximately 19.6 g of SID Lys per kilogram of BW gain from 55 to 80 kg. In Exp. 3, 1,080 gilts (initially 84.1 kg) were fed diets formulated to contain SID Lys concentrations of 0.54, 0.61, 0.68, 0.75, 0.82, or 0.89% for 29 d, which were analyzed to be total Lys concentrations of 0.62, 0.92, 0.79, 0.99, 0.93, and 1.07%, respectively. As the SID Lys concentration increased, ADG and G:F improved (linear, P < 0.001), and performance responses were maximized at the greatest SID Lys level of 0.89% or SID Lys:ME ratio of 2.55 g/Mcal of ME. Gilts in this trial required 23.0 g of SID Lys per kg of BW gain from 85 to 110 kg. The ideal SID Lys:ME ratio was based on the requirement determined by broken-line analysis in Exp. 1, 2, and 3, with the greatest level being tested in Exp. 3. This equation, SID Lys:ME ratio = -0.011 × BW, kg + 3.617, estimates the optimal SID Lys:ME ratios for growth of gilts (PIC 337 × 1050) in this commercial finishing environment. These studies showed growth performance advantages to increasing SID Lys for growing and finishing gilts over previously reported optimal levels, particularly in the later finishing stages. 相似文献
15.
Roux ML Donsbough AL Waguespack AM Powell S Bidner TD Payne RL Southern LL 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(8):2415-2424
Four experiments were conducted to determine the Lys requirement, the maximum amount of supplemental Lys that does not decrease growth performance, and to determine the order of limiting AA beyond Lys, Thr, Trp, and Met in a corn-soybean meal diet for 20- to 45-kg pigs. All experiments were conducted for 27 to 28 d with purebred or crossbred barrows and gilts, which were blocked by initial BW. Treatments were replicated with 4 to 6 pens of 4 to 6 pigs per pen. In all experiments, pigs and feeders were weighed on d 0, 14, and 27 or 28. At the beginning and end of all experiments, blood samples were obtained from all pigs to determine plasma urea N (PUN) concentrations. In Exp. 1, 0.830, 0.872, 0.913, and 0.955% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys was fed, whereas 0.747, 0.788, 0.830, 0.872, and 0.913% SID Lys was fed in Exp. 2. Broken-line analysis requirement estimates could not be estimated from any response variable in Exp. 1, but in Exp. 2, using ADG and PUN, the estimated SID Lys requirement was 0.83%. In Exp. 3, 0, 0.118, 0.191, 0.264, and 0.335% supplemental Lys was added to achieve 0.83% SID Lys in all diets, and Thr, Trp, and Met were supplemented to maintain Thr:Lys, Trp:Lys, and TSAA:Lys of 0.65, 0.18, and 0.60, respectively. Based on ADG, ADFI, and G:F, up to 0.23% supplemental Lys can be added along with supplemental Thr, Trp, and Met without negatively affecting growth performance; PUN was linearly decreased (P < 0.001) by supplemental Lys. In Exp. 4, treatments were 1) positive control (PC) without supplemental AA, 2) negative control (NC) with 0.335% supplemental Lys + 0.140% l-Thr + 0.035% l-Trp + 0.117% dl-Met, 3) NC + 0.044% l-Val, 4) NC + 0.021% l-Ile, and 5) NC + 0.044% l-Val + 0.021% l-Ile. Individual addition of Val and Ile did not improve (P > 0.10) ADG or G:F compared with the NC. The combined addition of Val + Ile resulted in ADG that was intermediate between the PC and NC diets but not different from either diet (P > 0.10); G:F was not improved (P > 0.10) to that observed in pigs fed the PC diet. The PUN was not different (P > 0.10) among pigs fed diets with supplemental AA but less (P < 0.10) than pigs fed the PC. The results of this research indicate that the Lys requirement for 20- to 45-kg pigs is 0.83% SID Lys, up to 0.23% supplemental Lys (0.29% l-Lys·HCl or 0.45% l-Lys·SO(4)) can be added along with supplemental Thr, Trp, and Met without negatively affecting growth performance, and another AA besides Val and Ile may be limiting growth performance in a corn-soybean meal diet with 0.335% supplemental Lys. 相似文献
16.
Kelsey L Batson Hilda I Caldern Mike D Tokach Jason C Woodworth Robert D Goodband Steve S Dritz Joel M DeRouchey 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of crude protein (CP) level in diets containing coarse wheat bran (CWB) with or without pharmacological levels of Zn (provided by zinc oxide: ZnO) on growth performance and fecal DM of nursery pigs. In experiment 1, 360 barrows (Line 200 × 400, DNA, Columbus, NE, initially 5.6 kg) were allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments from d 0 to 21 after weaning with 5 pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment. Treatments included a positive control diet (21% CP) with 3,000 mg/kg Zn in phase 1 and 2,000 mg/kg in phase 2; negative control (21% CP) with 110 mg/kg added Zn, and 4 diets containing 4% CWB and 110 mg/kg added Zn formulated to contain 21%, 19.5%, 18%, or 16.5% CP. The 2 control diets and 21% CP CWB diet contained 1.40% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys in phase 1 and 1.35% SID Lys in phase 2, while the 19.5%, 18%, and 16.5% CP diets contained 1.33, 1.25 and 1.20% Lys, respectively, in both phases. Pigs fed the positive control diet containing pharmacological ZnO had increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F compared with the negative control and the 21% CP CWB diet. Reducing CP (concurrently with SID Lys) in diets containing CWB decreased ADG and G:F (linear, P = 0.002); however, fecal DM increased (linear, P = 0.005). In experiment 2, two groups of 300 and 350 pigs, initially 7.0 and 6.2 kg, respectively, were used with 5 pigs per pen and 26 pens per treatment. The objective was to determine if adding back essential AA would improve growth performance of pigs fed the low CP diets. All dietary treatments were fed for 13 days, contained 4% CWB, and consisted of: (1) positive control with 2,000 mg/kg of Zn and 21% CP (1.35% SID Lys); (2) no ZnO and 21% CP; and 3 diets with no ZnO formulated to 18% CP and (3) 1.2% SID Lys; (4) 1.35% SID Lys by the addition of feed grade amino acids (AA), and (5) diet 4 with non-essential amino acids (NEAA; Gly and Glu). Pigs fed 21% CP with ZnO had increased (P = 0.001) ADG compared to those fed 18% CP (1.35% SID Lys) with high levels of feed grade amino acids or those fed the reduced SID Lys (1.2%) diet. Overall, G:F was improved (P < 0.001) for pigs fed 21% CP diets and those fed the 18% CP diet with NEAA compared to pigs fed 1.2% SID Lys and pigs fed high levels of feed grade amino acids. Fecal DM was increased for pigs fed the reduced SID Lys diet. In summary, pharmacological levels of Zn improve pig growth performance, but reducing CP (and subsequently SID Lys) decreased nursery pig growth performance. 相似文献
17.
Pengfei Li Xiangshu Piao Zhikai Zeng Ding Wang Lingfeng Xue Rongfei Zhang Bing Dong Sung Woo Kim 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2011,2(1)
A total of 480 nursery pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Large White) were utilized in two experiments conducted to determine the effects of different ratios of standardized ileal digestible lysine(SIDLys)to metabolizable energy(ME)ratio on the performance,nutrient digestibility,plasma urea nitrogen (PUN),and plasma free anlino acids of 10 to 28 kg pigs.In Exp.1,192 pigs(10.58 kg)were assigned to one of four treatments.,The treaunents consisted of diets with a ME content of 3.2,3.25,3.3,or 3.35 McaL/kg with a constant SID-Lys:ME ratio of 3.7 g/Meal.The experiment lasted 28 days.Pigs which were fed the diets containing 3.3 and 3.35 Mcal/kg ME had lower feed intakes(P<0.05)than those fed 3.2 Mcal/kg.Feed efficiency was linearly improved with increasing dietary ME(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary ME level also increased (P<0.05)dry matter and energy digestibility.Therefore.3.3 Mcal/kg ME Was selected for Exp.2in which 288 pigs(10.60 kg)were assigned to one of six treatments.Treatments consisted of SID-Lys:ME ratios of 3.1,3.3,3.5,3.7,3.9,or 4.1 g/Meal witIl all diets providing 3.3 Meal of ME/kg.Weight gain and feed efficiency were increased(P<0.05)as the SID-Lys:ME ratio in diet increased.Based on a straight broken-line model,the estimated SID-Lys:ME ratio to maximize weight gain was 3.74. 相似文献
18.
Trung Thong Ho John Khun Kyaw Htoo Thi Binh An Dao Maria Eloisa Carpena Nu Anh Thu Le Chi Cuong Vu Quang Linh Nguyen 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(1):258-268
Two experiments were conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) requirement and the ideal SID sulphur amino acids (SAA) to Lys ratio for 30–50 kg crossbred pigs. In experiment 1, a total of 72 crossbred pigs with an average initial body weight (BW) of 28.9 kg were allotted to one of six dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Each diet was assigned to six pens containing two pigs each. Six diets were obtained by supplementing graded levels of L‐Lysine?HCl to create six dietary levels of SID Lys (0.70%, 0.80%, 0.90%, 1.00%, 1.10% and 1.20%). Responses of weight gain (ADG) and gain:feed (G:F) to increasing the SID Lys content of the diet fitted well with the curvilinear‐plateau model; whereas, for plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) two‐slope linear broken‐line model was well fitted. The optimal SID Lys requirement for the pigs of this period was 1.10%. Experiment 2 was a dose–response study using SID Met+Cys to Lys ratios of 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70% and 64%. A total of 72 crossbred pigs with initial BW of 32.9 kg were randomly allotted to receive one of the six diets. Diets 1–5 were formulated to contain 1.0% SID Lys to be second limiting in Lys and diet 6 contained 1.11% SID Lys to be adequate in Lys. The average optimal SID SAA:Lys ratio for maximal ADG and G:F and minimal PUN was 65.2% using curvilinear‐plateau and linear broken‐line models. 相似文献
19.
The effects of Ile and Val supplementation of a low-CP, corn-wheat-soybean meal-based piglet diet on growth performance, incidence of diarrhea, and N balance were studied using 60 Landrace x Duroc male piglets in a 4-wk experiment. The 60 individually caged piglets were divided into 5 dietary treatments, each consisting of 12 piglets. Diet 1 was a positive control diet (20% CP); diet 2 was a low-CP negative control diet (17% CP); diets 3, 4, and 5 were low-CP diets to which Ile, Val, or the combination of Ile and Val were added, respectively. All diets were supplemented with Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp to provide the required concentrations of these AA according to the 1998 NRC. Average daily gain and ADFI were similar among pigs fed the positive control, Val-added, and the Val plus Ile-added diets. On wk-2 and wk-4, fecal score was greater (softer feces) in piglets fed the 20% CP level compared with the remaining treatments (P < 0.01). Nitrogen intake was decreased (P < 0.0001) in pigs fed diets containing low levels of CP compared with pigs fed the 20% CP diet. Fecal N excretion (g/d) was decreased (P < 0.05) in piglets fed low-CP diets at wk 1 and wk 4 of feeding, and in urine at wk 4 of feeding. Crude protein levels or AA supplementation had no effect on N retention efficiencies. These results indicate that the supplementation of Val alone, or in combination with Ile, to a low-CP piglet diet with adequate levels of Lys, Met, Thr, and Trp is necessary to achieve maximum performance in pigs consuming corn-wheat-soybean meal-based diets. 相似文献
20.
不同净能水平和赖氨酸净能比的低蛋白日粮对肥育猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用61.08 kg杜×长×大三元杂交猪540头,随机分为9个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复10头猪,公、母各半。采用3×3两因素设计,日粮蛋白水平降低4个百分点,净能为9.83、10.04、10.25 MJ/kg,赖氨酸净能比为0.76、0.84、0.91 g/MJ,研究净能和赖氨酸净能比对肥育猪生长性能和胴体品质的影响。结果表明:在60~100 kg阶段,10.04 MJ/kg净能组的ADG显著高于9.83 MJ/kg组的(P<0.05);赖氨酸净能比为0.84 g/MJ组的ADG显著高于0.76 g/MJ组(P<0.05);二者互作不影响生长性能和胴体品质(P>0.05),综合评定在60~100 kg阶段,猪的低蛋白日粮净能水平和赖氨酸净能比分别为10.04 MJ/kg和0.84 g/MJ为宜。 相似文献