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为研究西藏拉萨市林周县牦牛乳理化指标和乳房炎主要病原菌,采集牦牛乳样品100份,开展乳理化指标和主要病原菌检测。采用CMT法筛选隐性乳房炎病例,针对筛选出隐性乳房炎阳性乳样20份进行病原菌分离鉴定,共分离出11种52株细菌,通过鉴定,其中包含4株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,10株金黄色葡萄球菌,2株停乳链球菌,2株乳房链球菌,1株粪链球菌,8株无乳链球菌,6株大肠埃希菌,4株真菌。乳房炎63.5%的病例是由链球菌、葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌引起,结果证实,链球菌、葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌是导致林周县牦牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2016,(6)
以某规模奶牛场为试验对象,分别采集患有隐性乳房炎乳样和患有临床型乳房炎乳样各50份,进行了致病菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验。从中分离出107株细菌,即金黄色葡萄球菌74株,细菌比例为69.16%;大肠杆菌6株,细菌比例为5.61%;无乳链球菌27株,细菌比例为25.23%。本试验结果可为奶牛场更好地防控奶牛乳房炎、同时为奶牛场临床合理用药提供相关理论依据。 相似文献
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对82例奶牛经临床检查检出临床型乳房炎7例,占8.54％;检查了82例奶牛同体混合乳样62例和245份乳区乳样,经乳房炎试验,检出隐性型乳房炎的头阳性率为71.95％。乳区阳性率为30.61％。从99例同体混合乳样共分离出15种197株细菌,细菌分离率为95.96％。从同一乳样中分离到的不同细菌株,最多者为4种,其中以二种细菌者为最多,占38.38％。经鉴定,分离株以葡萄球菌为主,占28.39％,依次是大肠杆菌占18.78％,链球菌占12.69％,等等。对15株葡萄球菌及25株链球菌进行了药物敏感性试验并获得了结果。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎的病原菌分离鉴定与药物敏感性试验 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
对山东济南市5个奶牛场的165份临床型和147份隐性乳房炎奶样进行了分离鉴定.临床型未用利福平复合新药奶样48份,细菌检出率为83.33%;用该药2 d内采集的奶样117份,细菌检出率60.68%.隐性乳房炎奶样细菌检出率68.03%.用利福平复合新药对未用该药奶样分离菌35株和用该药后有代表性的分离菌40株,共75株临床型分离菌进行药敏试验,结果84%为高度敏感(63/75),16%为中度敏感(12/75).鉴定的细菌有葡萄球菌,链球菌,大肠杆菌,棒状杆菌,芽孢杆菌等.根据用药后患病奶牛的临床表现和奶样细菌分离情况,表明该药对奶牛乳房炎具有显著疗效. 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎的病原菌分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
对山东济南市 5个奶牛场的 1 65份临床型和 1 4 7份隐性型乳房炎奶样进行了病原菌分离鉴定。临床型未用利福平复合新药奶样 48份 ,细菌检出率为 83 33 % ;用该药 2d内采集的奶样 1 1 7份 ,细菌检出率 60 68%。隐性乳房炎奶样细菌检出率 72 2 9%。用新研制的利福平复合新药对未用该药奶样分离菌 35株和用该药后有代表性的分离菌 40株 ,共 75株临床型分离菌进行药敏试验 ,结果 84%为高度敏感 (63/ 75) ,1 6 %为中度敏感 (1 2 / 75)。鉴定的细菌有葡萄球菌 ,链球菌 ,大肠杆菌 ,棒状杆菌 ,芽孢杆菌等。根据用药后患病奶牛的临床表现和奶样细菌分离情况 ,表明该药对奶牛乳房炎具有显著的治疗效果 相似文献
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为调查甘肃省甘南州玛曲县、夏河县牦牛隐性乳房炎流行情况,探明引起牦牛隐性乳房炎的主要病原菌,利用兰州乳房炎诊断试剂(LMT)筛选牦牛隐性乳房炎,检出率10.25%;采集非阴性乳样,对其中的病原菌分离纯化,提取细菌DNA并测序后,通过NCBI中BLAST比对,共鉴定出236株细菌,其中包含102株金黄色葡萄球菌(43.22%)、18株艾格尼丝葡萄球菌(7.6%)、13株沃氏葡萄球菌(5.50%)和29株大肠埃希氏菌(12.29%);艾格尼丝葡萄球菌为国内首次自牦牛乳中分离得到。结果表明,葡萄球菌属和埃希氏菌属可能是引起甘南藏区牦牛隐性乳房炎的主要病原菌。 相似文献
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通过LMT法、乳汁pH检验法和体细胞直接计数等方法相结合,对冀东地区3个大型奶牛场、8个奶牛养殖户选取的1 021头奶牛进行隐性乳房炎流行病学调查与病菌分离鉴定。结果表明,隐性乳房炎发病率为60.63%(619/1021),乳房炎阳性乳样品中细菌分离率达88.21%(546/619)。从543头隐性乳房炎患牛的阳性乳区乳样中分得细菌共4类14种菌82株,其中葡萄球菌36株,占43.90%;链球菌33株,占40.24%;肠杆菌类8株,占9.76%;棒状杆菌5株,占6.10%。冀东地区奶牛隐性乳房炎主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌。 相似文献
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内蒙古通辽市某奶牛场乳房炎无乳链球菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 《畜牧与饲料科学》2016,37(2):23-23
旨在调查引起内蒙古通辽地区奶牛乳房炎发生的优势病原菌。采用常规方法对采集自该地区某奶牛场的3份临床型乳房炎患牛奶样进行优势致病菌的分离鉴定,采用纸片扩散法（K-B法）评价分离菌对兽医临床常用抗菌药物的敏感性。结果表明,从3份乳样中共分离到14株菌,经生化试验鉴定为无乳链球菌;药敏试验结果表明,分离菌对链霉素及磺胺嘧啶表现出较强的耐药性,而卡那霉素、庆大霉素及麦迪霉素对分离菌则表现出较好的抑菌效果。 相似文献
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Gao Guisheng Wu Tonglei Zhang Zhiqiang Yang Zongze Fu Zhixin Zou Fengping Gao Guangping An Jiwei Yao Weiping Shi Qiumei 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,(1)
In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclinical mastitis positive milk samples were isolated and identified.The results showed that 60.63%(619/1 021) of the sampled cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and mixed infections accounted for 88.21%(546/619) of the cases. In addition, 82 strains of 14 species were isolated from the subclinical mastitis positive milk samples, including 36 strains of Staphylococcus(43.90%), 33 strains of Streptococcus(40.24%), 8 strains of Enterobacteriaceae(9.76%) and 5 strains of Corynebacterium(6.10%), respectively. The results proved that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing bovine subclinical mastitis in Eastern Hebei Province. 相似文献
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作者针对临床及亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的毒素基因进行检测和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)基因分型,比较2种类型乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的差异.无菌法采集奶样,采用国际标准方法从中分离金黄色葡萄球菌,用多重PCR方法扩增nuc基因和mecA基因以确证金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA).进一步用PCR方法检测SA的各种毒素基因(SEs、ETs、TSST 1和PVL基因等).利用限制性内切酶Sma Ⅰ对SA基因组DNA进行酶切和PFGE分析,最后利用BioNumerics软件进行聚类分析.结果:19.3％(23/119)的临床乳房炎奶样和14.8％(26/176)的亚临床乳房炎奶样确定为金黄色葡萄球菌阳性样品,分别从中分离鉴定出43株和26株金黄色葡萄球菌,其中临床乳房炎分离株中有5株为mecA基因阳性.临床乳房炎奶牛奶样中检测到SA的SEA、SEB、SED、SEJ和PVL毒素基因,检出率分别为3.8％(1株)、11.5％(3株)、19.2％(5株)、7.7％(2株)和31.2％(10株);亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳样中仅检测到SA的SEA和PVL毒力基因,检出率分别为7.0％(3株)和84.1％(37株).表明临床与亚临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中SA菌株携带的毒素基因不一样,SEs可能是临床乳房炎菌株的重要致病基因,PVL可能是亚临床乳房炎菌株的重要致病基因.69株SA使用Sma Ⅰ酶切分型后,可分为7个大簇、50个基因型,来源相同的SA分型后大部分位于同一簇内.临床乳房炎奶牛乳汁中检测到MRSA菌株,PVL基因在亚临床乳房炎中的检出率为临床乳房炎的2.7倍.PFGE方法能较好的区分临床乳房炎和亚临床乳房炎的SA分离菌株. 相似文献
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在对山东7个地区14个奶牛场临床型和隐性乳腺炎调查的基础上采集234头临床乳腺炎病牛乳样、241个隐性乳腺炎乳样并分别做了细菌学检查,结果表明:泌乳期临床型乳腺炎病原菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、酵母菌和棒状杆菌为主;干奶期临床型乳腺炎病原菌以大肠杆菌、链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和酵母菌为主;隐性乳腺炎病原菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌链球菌、酵母菌、假单胞菌和棒状杆菌为主;厌氧菌在隐性乳腺炎、干奶期乳腺炎和干奶期乳腺炎乳样的捡出率分别为 5．82％,4．17%,10．16％;隐性乳腺炎、干奶期乳腺炎细菌的共感染率较高,与泌乳期乳腺炎病原菌的差异极显著(P<0．01),隐性乳腺炎与干奶期乳腺炎病原菌共感染率差异不显著(P >0．05)。 相似文献
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This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in clinical and subclinical mastitis in commercial and small-scale farms in Zimbabwe. Thirty five quarter milk samples from clinical mastitis cases and 371 quarter milk samples from cows with subclinical mastitis were cultured for bacterial pathogens. The most frequent pathogens isolated in clinical mastitis were the enteric bacteria (31.4%), followed by coagulase negative staphylococci (22.9%) and then Staphylococcus aureus (17.1%), whereas in subclinical mastitis S. aureus (34.2%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci were (33.2%) the most common. Bacillus species were only isolated in milk samples from subclinical mastitis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were observed in mixed infections with other bacteria in only 2.2 of the 406 milk samples from clinical and subclinical mastitis where they were isolated together with Bacillus species in 6 of the 9 mixed infection cases. About 95% of the milk samples from which 131 coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated had correspondingly high somatic cell counts. The coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated most frequently were S. chromogenes (7.9%), S. epidermidis (7.4%) and S. hominis (5.9%). They were all associated with high somatic cell counts. All the coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates were susceptible to cloxacillin and erythromycin, and more than 90% of the isolates were susceptible to neomycin, penicillin and streptomycin. The highest resistance was to tetracycline (17.6%), followed by lincomycin (13.7%). About 8% of the isolates were resistant to both penicillin and streptomycin. 相似文献
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乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病,随着奶牛产业的蓬勃发展,乳房炎已经成为制约该产业的瓶颈之一。从甘肃省武威市凉州区5个奶牛养殖场采集了1 000头荷斯坦奶牛共计3 991份奶样,对临床型和非临床型(隐性)乳房炎分别通过临床症状和兰州隐性乳房炎诊断液(LMT)进行诊断。结果显示:该地区奶牛临床型乳房炎发病率18.20%,亚临床型乳房炎发病率36.50%,总阳性率54.70%,总阳性乳区率54.72%。从阳性奶样中分离纯化得到的主要病原菌为链球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌,且在不同类型乳房炎中的分布情况不同,临床型中链球菌属最多(54.37%),亚临床型中金黄色葡萄球菌最多(48.56%)。对主要病原菌进行药敏试验,结果表明治疗凉州区奶牛乳房炎的最佳药物应为喹诺酮类和庆大霉素类。 相似文献
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of mycotic and protohecal mastitis in herds in south-eastern part of Poland. A total of 3091 milk samples from udder quarters with clinical and subclinical mastitis from 29 dairy herds was investigated in this survey. Milk samples were plated as soon as possible on blood agar (BA), Mac Conkey agar, aesculin-tallium acetate-crystal violet agar, and Sabouraud agar. A hundred and thirty one yeast (4.23%) and eleven Protoheca zopfii (0.35%) strains were isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis. All the isolated fungi were the yeast classified into 4 genera (Candida, Trichosporon, Saccharomyces and Rhodotorula). The most frequently isolated yeasts were Candida sp., C. kefyr, C. humicola, C. rugosa and C. inconspicua. Both fungi and algae were isolated first of all during a confinement-housing season. 相似文献
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Babaei H Mansouri-Najand L Molaei MM Kheradmand A Sharifan M 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(4):419-425
This study examined the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the milk of lactating Holstein cows in association with subclinical mastitis (SCM). A total of 94 milk samples were collected from 58 lactating dairy cows representing stages of lactation from the second to the tenth week after calving. Those which were classified as positive by California mastitis test (CMT) were deemed to have subclinical mastitis. All the milk samples were skimmed by centrifugation at 10 000g at 0 degrees C and were used for enzyme activities estimations. The mean activities of LDH and ALP were higher in the milk from udders with SCM than in the milk from healthy udders (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in AST values. The maximum agreement rates between the CMT results and LDH and ALP values were seen at thresholds of > 180 IU/L and > 40 IU/L respectively (kappa values 0.65 and 0.79, respectively). However, the sensitivity of the tests for identifying SCM at these thresholds was higher for ALP (96.4%) than for LDH (68.5%). In this study, LDH and ALP tests were standardized for cow's milk and results showed that only the ALP test was reliable in the early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. 相似文献
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Antibiotic sensitivity of bovine staphylococcal and coliform mastitis isolates over four years 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Eight hundred and forty-eight strains of Staphylococcus aureus and coliforms isolated from milk samples taken from cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis were tested for their sensitivity to a range of antibiotics, comparing strains isolated in 1984, 1985, 1986 and 1987. The only increase in the proportion of resistant strains occurred with coliforms resistant to ampicillin and neomycin. 相似文献