共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
用鸡体实验法,以相对卵囊产量(ROP)、病变记分减少率(RLS)、最适抗球虫百分数(POAA)和抗球虫指数(ACI)等4项指标,分析了一株毒害艾美耳球虫对复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠(20％磺胺氯吡嗪钠+4％二甲氧苄啶)、血痢宁(磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉)、贝尔球康(又称鸡球虫散,含青蒿、仙鹤草、何首乌、白头翁、肉桂等)、百球清(妥曲珠利)、马杜球败(马度米星铵预混剂)等5种抗球虫药的耐药性.结果显示:该株毒害艾美耳球虫对百球清无耐药性,对复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠和血痢宁有轻度耐药性,对贝尔球康无耐药性或轻度耐药性,对马杜球败有完全耐药性.提示该养殖场应停止使用马杜拉霉素,改用妥曲珠利或贝尔球康,但必须进行轮换用药或联合用药,以延长药物的使用寿命. 相似文献
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甲氧苄啶、二甲氧苄啶与磺胺氯吡嗪钠联用的抗球虫效果比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
选用220只10日龄海兰褐公雏口服柔嫩艾美耳孢子化卵囊制造人工感染球虫病模型,对不同浓度的磺胺氯吡嗪钠(Esb3Na)以5:1比例与甲氧苄啶(TMP)、二甲氧苄啶(DVD)联合应用的抗球虫增效作用进行比较.结果表明:高剂量Esb3Na(0.06%)与TMP或DVD联用均呈高效,抗球虫指数(ACI)分别为180.32和181.30,二者之间无明显差异.中、低剂量Esb3Na (0.03%、0.015%)与TMP联用的ACl分别为181.56和129.38,抗球虫效果强于与DVD联用,对应的ACI分别为169.68和106.19.推荐使用0.03%的Esb3Na与TMP以5:1联用防治鸡球虫病感染. 相似文献
3.
TMP和DVD对两种磺胺药抗球虫增效作用试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以雏鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病为模型,以相对存活率、相对增重率、盲肠病变值和盲肠卵囊值为观察指标,以抗球虫指数(ACI)为判定标准,观察甲氧苄啶(TMP)和二甲氧苄啶(DVD)与不同浓度磺胺喹口恶啉(SQ)和磺胺氯吡嗪钠(Esb3)联合用药治疗效果和增效作用.结果显示,药物对照组0.02%SQ和0.06% Esb3的ACI值分别为151和162;TMP与0.01%、0.02%、0.05%的SQ联用的ACI分别为177、181和195; DVD分别与0.01%、0.02%、0.05%的SQ联用的ACI分别为177、194和194;TMP与0.03%、0.06%、0.12%的Esb3联用的ACI分别为181、188和192;DVD与0.03%、0.06%、0.12%的Esb3联用的ACI分别为185、187和191.结果表明,TMP和DVD能明显提高SQ和Esb3的抗球虫效果, TMP和DVD之间的抗球虫增效作用无明显的差异. 相似文献
4.
复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠溶液对人工诱发鸡球虫病的疗效试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评价复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠溶液防治鸡球虫病的疗效,将200只15日龄健康黄羽肉鸡随机分成10组,其中受试药物分别设300mg/L、150mg/L和75mg/L三个剂量组,磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉为对照药物。受试药和对照药各剂量组均同时设连用3d或5d的给药方案。结果显示,复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠溶液按300mg/L浓度连用3d或5d的抗球虫指数分别达181.3和193.3,按150mg/L浓度连用5d的抗球虫指数为183.1。以上3种给药方案的抗球虫指数均大于180,具有高效抗球虫作用,且均好于磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉对照药物组(169.6;149.9);按150mg/L浓度连用3d或按75mg/L浓度连用5d的抗球虫指数分别为164.4和175.4,也均好于磺胺氯吡嗪钠可溶性粉,但受试药物按75mg/L的剂量混饮给药连用3d的抗球虫指数仅为135.5,属低效抗球虫药。建议复方磺胺氯吡嗪钠溶液的临床推荐用量为每升水中加本品1.0~2.0mL(相当于150～300mg/L),连续饮用3~5d。 相似文献
5.
青蒿素与抗菌增效剂联合抗鸡球虫效果评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国家禽》2016,(2)
为探讨青蒿素(ART)与二甲氧苄啶(DVD)或三甲氧苄啶(TMP)联合用药对鸡球虫病的防治效果,选用84只黄羽肉鸡,分为7组,除空白组外,其他试验组每只鸡经口接种柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊8×10~4个,各试验组在接种前一天开始用药至试验结束。通过鸡平均日增重、盲肠病变记分、血便记分、抗球虫指数(ACI)、免疫器官指数等指标来评价ART与DVD或TMP联合用药的抗球虫效果。结果表明ART与DVD或TMP联合用药明显减轻了血便记分和盲肠病变,且平均日增重极显著高于感染对照组(P0.01),也明显高于ART、DVD和TMP单独给药组(P0.05)。表明ART与两种抗菌增效剂联合应用在抗柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染时有增效作用。 相似文献
6.
目的研究几种药物的联合抗球虫效果及其耐药性。方法将175只14日龄罗曼粉雏公鸡随机分为7组,设5个试验组,按组分别投予磺胺氯吡嗪300 mg/kg 氨吡啉125 mg/kg,磺胺氯吡嗪300 mg/kg 尼卡巴嗪125mg/kg,磺胺氯丙嗪300 mg/kg 左旋咪唑10 mg/kg,地克珠利3 mg/kg,地克珠利2 mg/kg 氨丙啉125 mg/kg,并设立感染不用药和不感染不用药对照组。给药后2 d,除不感染不用药对照组的鸡只外,其余全部试验鸡每只分别接种E.acervulina孢子化卵襄8×104个。以抗球虫指数(ACI)作为判定药物效力的指标;并根据最适抗球虫活性百分率(POAA)病变记分减少率(RLS)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)、三项指标综合判定球虫对上述抗球虫药的耐药性。结果地克珠利与氨丙啉的联合使用,其抗球虫指数达181.25,其余各组药的抗球虫指数均在165~170之间;且该球虫株对磺胺氯吡嗪 尼卡巴嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪 左旋咪唑、地克珠利组药物有轻度耐药性(-- ),对磺胺氯吡嗪 氨丙啉有中度耐药性(- )。结论地克珠利与氨丙啉联合使用对E.acervulina具有高效抗球虫作用。 相似文献
7.
为筛选有效的抗鸽球虫药物,选用地克珠利(1 mg/kg)、磺胺喹恶啉钠(300 mg/kg)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠(300 mg/kg)、托曲珠利(25 mg/kg)、白头翁散(500 mg/kg)等5种抗鸡球虫药物进行了本试验,试验重复3次,每次分为用药感染组和不用药感染组,人工感染主要含有拉氏艾美耳球虫和鸽艾美耳球虫的混合孢子化卵囊,剂量为15×104个,以相对卵囊减少率作为抗球虫效果的指标。结果显示磺胺喹恶啉钠、磺胺氯吡嗪钠效果最好,相对卵囊减少率分别为99.9%和99.5%;其次是托曲珠利、白头翁散,相对卵囊减少率分别为96.7%和92.0%;地克珠利效果最差,相对卵囊减少率仅为75.6%。 相似文献
8.
《畜牧与兽医》2020,(7)
本研究旨在评价磺胺氯吡嗪钠-甲氧苄啶可溶性粉对靶动物鸡的安全性,以指导临床安全合理用药。选择40只15日龄黄羽肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组10只,公母各半。以磺胺氯吡嗪钠计,各组分别以0(0 mg/L)、1(300 mg/L)、3(900 mg/L)和5(1500 mg/L)倍的推荐剂量混饮,连用7d。试验期间观察鸡的临床表现、体重变化和饲料利用率,试验结束后进行病理学检查,并测定血液学和血液相关生化指标的变化。结果表明,磺胺氯吡嗪钠-甲氧苄啶可溶性粉以3倍以下剂量饮水给药对鸡的生长性能无明显影响,在血液生理指标及生化指标方面,不具有剂量依赖性的显著变化。说明磺胺氯吡嗪钠-甲氧苄啶可溶性粉按推荐剂量(300 mg/L,以磺胺氯吡嗪钠计)饮水给药对靶动物鸡具有较大的安全性。 相似文献
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11.
为了确定柔嫩艾美耳球虫（Eimenatenella）早熟株合适的免疫剂量,本文设立7个早熟株免疫攻虫组、1个不免疫攻虫组和1个不免疫不攻虫组,免疫组的免疫剂量为孢子化卵囊100、200、400、600、800、1000和2000个／羽,经嗉囊感染,7日龄首次免疫,14日龄以同等剂量进行第二次免疫,21日龄以8×10^4个／羽的同源母株进行攻虫,28日龄结束试验,以存活率、增重、肠道病变记分、血便数量、卵囊减少率为观测指标。对免疫保护效果较好的3个免疫剂量进行重复试验,同时设置商品化球虫疫苗对照组,免疫方法、试验周期、试验指标同第一批试验。结果显示：攻虫后,不免疫攻虫组出现5％死亡,而各免疫组来出现死亡;各免疫组卵囊减少率在61．57％～69．52％;200～2000免疫组的增重与不免疫不攻虫组差异不具备显著统计学意义（P〉0．05）;600～2000免疫组的肠道病变记分和血便数量均明显少于不免疫攻虫组（P〈0．05）。用600、800和1000进行重复试验,三个免疫组攻虫期间均来出现死亡,而不免疫组和疫苗对照组均出现5％死亡;三个免疫组的增重均明显高于不免疫攻虫组和疫苗对照组（P〈0．05）;早熟株免疫组的肠道病变记分和血便数量明显低于不免疫攻虫组（P〈0．05）,而疫苗对照组与不免疫攻虫组的相当（P〉0．05）;卵囊减少率在66.30％-78．75％,高于疫苗对照组的51．82％。结果表明,该柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株保持了良好的免疫原性,不同免疫剂量均能诱发鸡产生免疫保护力,其中600、800和1000个／羽的免疫效果均优于疫苗对照组,可考虑以600个／羽作为该早熟株在疫苗制备中的推荐免疫剂量。 相似文献
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The study was designed to evaluate the anticoccidial activity of the methanolic extract of Musa paradisiaca root in chickens. The chickens were divided into six groups of 12 chickens each. Each chicken in five groups was infected
with 8,000 infective coccidia (Eimeria tenella) oocysts at day 28 of age while one group served as uninfected control. At day 7 post-infection, two chickens remaining in
each group were sacrificed for postmortem examination to confirm coccidiosis. Also at day 7 post-infection, each chicken in
four infected groups was given graded doses (250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg b.w.) of the extract or amprolium (conventional drug).
Two groups (an infected and uninfected group) did not receive treatment. Parameters used to assess progress of infection and
response to treatment included clinical signs typical of coccidiosis, oocyst count per gramme of faeces (OPG) and packed cell
volume (PCV). Treatment of previously infected chickens with M. paradisiaca root extract resulted in a progressive decrease in severity of observed clinical signs, marked reductions in OPG and a gradual
increase in PCV. In each case, the changes were dose dependent. There was no significant difference in mean OPG and mean PCV
of the extract (at 1,000 mg/kg b.w.) and amprolium-treated groups at termination of the study (at day 50 of age). In the acute
toxicity study, the extract was found to be non-toxic to the chickens even at the highest dose of 4,000 mg/kg b.w. The results
of this study demonstrated that the extract has anticoccidial activity in a dose-dependent manner and at a dosage of 1,000 mg/kg
b.w. had similar efficacy with amprolium in the treatment of chicken coccidiosis. 相似文献
13.
给18日龄鸡胚接种一定剂量的柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eim eria tenella)和/或堆形艾美耳球虫(E.acervulina)孢子化卵囊,出雏后在无球虫环境中笼养,1~10日龄每天收集各组粪便样本,计数克粪便卵囊数(OPG),并于14日龄时以大剂量同源孢子化卵囊攻虫,以相对增重率(RWG)、饲料转化率(FCR)、相对卵囊产量(ROP)评价免疫保护效果。结果显示,以E.tenella或E.acervulina卵囊免疫18日龄鸡胚,其卵囊排出的潜隐期及达到峰值的时间与1日龄雏鸡接种组相一致,有相似的排卵囊曲线,提示其诱导免疫的建立是在出雏后开始建立的。攻虫后各免疫组的RWG由攻虫对照组的31.9%~51.7%提高到了76.5%~83.6%,RCR由攻虫对照组的4.11~4.89改善为2.72~2.96,ROP降至4.7%~23.5%。结果表明以一定剂量E.tenella和E.acervulina卵囊单独或混合经羊膜腔免疫18日龄鸡胚都可以建立起针对出雏后14日龄同源攻虫的良好免疫保护力。比较混合免疫E.tenella和E.acervulina卵囊组与单一接种E.tenella或E.acervulina卵囊组的免疫效果发现,混合免疫组的各项指标均稍优于后者。 相似文献
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Fredrick Kaingu Dandan Liu Lele Wang Jianping Tao Rebecca Waihenya Helen Kutima 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(4):823-828
Anticoccidial effects of Aloe secundiflora crude leaf extract was tested in broiler chickens following oral infection with Eimeria tenella. Sixty 22-day-old birds were divided into six groups of ten birds each. Three treatment groups A, B, and C were fed with the extract (100, 250, and 500 mg/day, respectively) mixed in feed for 10 days, and three control groups: group D (drug control) administered 300 mg/l of sulfachloropyrazine sodium soluble powder in drinking water for 5 days, group E (infected/non-medicated positive control), and group F (uninfected/non-medicated negative control). Except for group F, all groups were orally inoculated with 75,000 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella. The effects of the extract on E. tenella infection were evaluated by severity of bloody diarrhea, body weight (BW) gain, oocyst output, and lesion score. No bird in the treated groups died of coccidiosis, and severity of bloody diarrhea was milder than in the positive control group. BW gains in the treated groups were significantly higher than in group E (p < 0.05). The lesion scores of the treated groups were significantly lower than that of group E. Oocyst output in groups A, B, and C were 11.23, 8.24, and 6.82 × 106, respectively. As compared with the negative control group (12.84 × 106), the reductions in oocyst production were 12.54, 35.83, and 46.88%, respectively. Oocyst output significantly reduced with an increase in Aloe dosage. The findings of this study suggest that Aloe secundiflora extract presents an alternative anticoccidial agent for the control of avian coccidiosis. 相似文献
15.
优素精￣（日本科研制药株式会社制品）和盐霉素（山东济宁抗生素厂制品）之抗球虫效力的比较试验。１４日龄艾维因肉鸡分４组；Ⅰ、盐霉素组；Ⅱ、优素精组；Ⅲ、感染不给药对照组；Ⅳ、不感染不给药对照组。每组６笼，每笼１０只（公母各５只）。优素精和盐霉素均以６０ｐｐｍ之浓度混合于饲料中，自由摄食。１６日龄时，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别经口感染Ｅ．ａｃｅｒｖｕｌｉｎａ，Ｅ．ｍａｘｉｍａ和Ｅ．ｔｅｎｅｌｌａ混合卵囊，每鸡１０．１２×１０￣４。２３日龄（感染后７天）解剖全部鸡。依增重，饲料利用效率，血粪，卵囊排出量，球虫病变值和球虫病死亡率判断抗球虫效力。试验结果：优素精组的平均增重（２７０．０８克）和饲料利用率（２．０３）是试验各组中最优良的。比不感染不给药对照组优越，生物统计差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。盐霉素组的平均增重（２６２．４２克）和饲料利用率（２．０８）虽高于不感染不给药对照组，但其差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。优素精组的球虫病变值比感染不给药对照组低４６．４０％，比盐霉素组低３６．２９％，卵囊排出量比感染不给药对照组低９７．２５％，比盐霉素组低２０．０４％。本试验证明，优素精有强烈的抗球虫药效，同时也证明有促进生长，加速增重? 相似文献
16.
利用从南宁市郊养鸡场球虫病鸡粪便中收集的球虫混合种卵囊感染小鸡,再应用单卵囊分离感染技术,从感染鸡盲肠中收集的卵囊分离纯化获得1株纯种球虫,经鸡体传代增殖,对该虫株的卵囊大小和卵形指数、潜在期、排卵高峰期、最短孢子化时间、寄生部位、致病性等指标进行观察和测定。结果测得该虫株卵囊的平均大小为(25.743±1.94126)μm×(21.4±1.85985)μm,平均卵型指数为1.2067±0.07;潜在期为140 h;其排卵囊峰期在第6～9天,最高峰在第7天;最短孢子化时间为19 h;寄生部位在盲肠;对两周龄的艾维茵鸡,当使用5×104的孢子化卵囊感染剂量时死亡率为7.5%。根据这些测定和观察到的指标综合鉴定该分离株球虫为柔嫩艾美耳球虫,并命名为柔嫩艾美耳球虫广西南宁株(Eimeria.tenella-GXNN),该研究结果为进一步研究本地区鸡球虫病的药物治疗和免疫预防等奠定了基础。 相似文献
17.
Lee SH Lillehoj HS Lillehoj EP Cho SM Park DW Hong YH Chun HK Park HJ 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2008,31(5):389-402
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with a lyophilized powder made from plums (P) on host protective immune responses against avian coccidiosis, the most economically important parasitic disease of poultry. One-day-old White Leghorn chickens were fed from the time of hatch with a standard diet either without P (control and P 0 groups) or supplemented with P at 0.5% (P 0.5) or 1.0% (P 1.0) of the diet. Animals in the P 0, P 0.5, and P 1.0 groups were orally challenged with 5000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria acervulina at day 12 post-hatch, while control animals were uninfected. Dietary supplementation of P increased body weight gain, reduced fecal oocyst shedding, and increased the levels of mRNAs for interferon-gamma and interleukin-15 in the P 1.0 group at 10 days post-infection compared with the P 0 group. Furthermore, chickens fed either the P 0.5 or P 1.0 diets exhibited significantly greater spleen cell proliferation compared with the non-plum P 0 group. These results indicate that plum possesses immune enhancing properties, and that feeding chickens a plum-supplemented diet augments protective immunity against coccidiosis. 相似文献
18.
An experiment was carried out to assess the influence of tannic acid (TA) on integrity of the intestine in broiler chicks vaccinated against coccidiosis and challenged with the disease. In a 2 × 2 factorial design, the trial had five groups of 10 chickens each, including positive (group 2) and negative (group 1) controls. The chickens were kept on wood shavings and fed a commercial maize and soybean-based starter-grower diet. From day 1, groups 3 and 5 received TA (10 g kg(-1)) in their diet. On day 4, birds of groups 4 and 5 were vaccinated orally against coccidiosis with anti-coccidial vaccine, Livacox T?. Each dose of the vaccine contained 300-500 sporulated oocysts of each of Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria tenella. On day 18, all experimental groups except for the negative (group 1) were challenged with 10-fold dose of Livacox T? to produce a mild coccidiosis infection. Faecal samples of individual birds were collected on day 23, and the number of faecal oocysts was determined. d-Xylose absorption test was also carried out on all birds on day 23. Immediately after d-xylose absorption test, all birds were killed humanely and the intestinal tract was removed, weighed and examined for gross lesions. Results showed that negative (group 1) and positive controls (group 2) had the highest and lowest levels of plasma d-xylose post-ingestion of the substrate, respectively. Vaccination and/or feeding TA raised the level of plasma d-xylose in infected birds, although this was not significant for TA-fed birds. Vaccination reduced but TA increased the total number of oocysts per gram of faeces. Birds of groups 2-5 had distinct intestinal lesions when compared with group 1. However, vaccination prevented intestinal lesions. Relative weights of intestinal parts were the lowest in group 1 and the highest in group 2. Vaccination but not TA reduced the relative weights of intestinal parts in infected birds. It was concluded that dietary tannins may reduce the efficacy of anticoccidial vaccines and alter the proper development of immunity against the disease. 相似文献
19.
《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2021,(3)
Background: Due to presence of drug-resistant Eimeria strains and raised public health safety concerns about drug residues in the meat, there is renewed interest in the search for natural alternatives to the coccidiosis control agents. This study was conducted to test the anticoccidial efficacy of oregano and Citrus spp.-based essential oils for broilers.Methods: A total of 280 7-day-old broiler chicks were fed a control diet or diets with salinomycin or essential oils for up to 35 d of age. On d 14, half of the control groups and the treated groups were orally challenged with a coccidiosis vaccine at 25 times higher than the recommended vaccine dose. Control diet-fed chickens that were gavaged with phosphate-buffered saline were considered non-challenged control group.Results: Eimeria challenge or dietary additives failed to affect growth performance during the 7 to 20 d growth period although essential oil-fed chickens exhibited the lowest body wight gain(P = 0.332) and the highest feed conversion ratio(P = 0.062). Oocysts in the litter were detected in the challenged control diet group and the challenged/essential oil-fed groups at 21 and 35 d, respectively. Superoxide dismutase activity in the serum was elevated(P = 0.059) in the salinomycin-fed chickens compared to the challenged controls. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein was decreased by 28.7% in the salinomycin-fed chickens but increased by 38.1% in the essential oil group compared with the challenged control group. Challenged control group exhibited a significantly higher cooking loss of the thigh meat, compared to the non-challenged control diet group, which was marginally mitigated by dietary supplementation with essential oils. Chickens fed essential oil-added diet had the highest branched-chain fatty acids contents in the cecum.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study shows that oregano and Citrus-based essential oil preparation did not affect growth performance in broiler chickens challenged with the coccidiosis vaccine nor did Eimeria-specific duodenal lesion. However, dietary essential oil preparation lowered oocysts present in litter materials and altered branchedchain fatty acids in cecal digesta. Beneficial findings of the essential oil preparation on volatile fatty acids and oocysts output may warrant further research into assessing its effectiveness and its efficacy in pathogenic fieldisolate Eimeria spp.-induced coccidiosis disease model. 相似文献