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1.
大骨鸡MSTN基因的表达检测   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
胡兰  王娜  胡锐  刘梅  石娇 《中国家禽》2003,7(Z1):46-48
以大骨鸡为试材,采用RT-PCR法检测了MSTN基因在大骨鸡不同器官中的表达情况。结果表明,MSTN基因在大骨鸡骨骼肌中表达水平较高,在心肌、肾脏、脑、肠、舌中也有微量表达,但在肺、肝脏中未检测出MSTN mRNA,而且在14日龄时表达水平高于35和56日龄。  相似文献   

2.
大骨鸡中MSTN基因表达规律性的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
本实验以大骨鸡为试材，采用RT—PCR法检测了MSTN基因在大骨鸡不同器官、不同时间的表达情况，结果表明MSTN基因在骨骼肌中表达水平较高，在心肌、肾脏、脑、肠、舌中也有微量表达，但在肺、肝脏中未检测出MSTNmRNA，而且在14日龄时表达水平明显低于35日龄和56日龄，而且在孵化后一周时胸肌中MSTN基因的表达水平达到最低。  相似文献   

3.
为研究肌纤维发育相关基因在不同地方鸡种的表达调控作用,选用1日龄体重相近的汶上芦花鸡、济宁百日鸡和鲁西斗鸡,分别在1日龄、1～5周龄采集同一部位的胸肌、腿肌,应用实时荧光定量PCR测定Myf5、Myf6、MyoD1和MSTN等基因的表达量。结果显示:汶上芦花鸡胸肌中MSTN基因1周龄表达量显著高于其他周龄(P0.05),鲁西斗鸡腿肌中MSTN基因4周龄表达量显著高于其他周龄(P0.05),济宁百日鸡胸肌中MSTN基因4周龄和5周龄表达量显著高于其他周龄(P0.05),腿肌中4周龄显著高于其他周龄(P0.05);汶上芦花鸡腿肌Myf6基因2周龄的表达水平明显高于其他周龄(P0.05),济宁百日鸡胸肌中Myf6基因5周龄时表达量显著低于鲁西斗鸡和汶上芦花鸡(P0.05);4～5周龄时,济宁百日鸡腿肌MyoD1基因的表达水平最低,在3周龄时,汶上芦花鸡胸肌MyoD1基因表达水平显著高于其他周龄(P0.05);在0和1周龄时,鲁西斗鸡中胸、腿肌Myf5基因表达水平均高于汶上芦花鸡和济宁百日鸡。研究表明Myf5、Myf6、MyoD1和MSTN基因在3个地方鸡种胸肌、腿肌中均呈现出不同的表达调控模式。  相似文献   

4.
从淑浦鹅（Xupu geese）的腿肌中抽提总RNA,用两步法RT-PCR扩增出MSTN基因的cDNA编码序列,以pGEM-T Vector为载体,将该片段克隆到大肠杆菌（Escherichi acoli）中。通过筛选阳性克隆,双酶切鉴定后测序;以MSTN基因的克隆为基础,以β-actin为内标,构建优化的半定量RT—PCR方法,研究高、中、低（A：13．38MJ／kg、B：12．13MJ／kg、C：10．87MJ／kg）3种不同能量对淑浦鹅21和70日龄2个时期肌肉组织MSTN基因表达的差异;同时用放免法测定21、70日龄的血清GH和IGF-I浓度。结果表明：克隆的淑浦鹅MSTN基因cDNA的部分序列,其片段大小为1128bp,编码375个氨基酸组成的多肽,淑浦鹅与鸡、鸭、朗德鹅的核苷酸相似性分别为94％、94％、99％;推导氨基酸的相似性分别为98％、97％、98％。21日龄时,日粮能量水平对淑浦鹅MSTN表达量的影响不显著;70日龄时淑浦鹅MSTN的表达量为C〉B〉A。对于淑浦鹅21～70日龄阶段的生长,MSTN基因的表达量和血清IGF-I的变化趋势基本一致;与血清GH含量之间并不存在很大关联,日粮能量对21日龄后淑浦鹅MSTN基因的表达有影响。本研究为MSTN基因在水禽中的进一步研究和应用打下了基础。  相似文献   

5.
运用荧光定量PCR技术对不同月龄(0日龄或初生、1月龄、2月龄、3月龄、4月龄、5月龄)新疆巴什拜羊肌肉和脂肪MSTN基因的表达量进行定量,2-ΔΔCT方法分析不同生长阶段MSTN基因表达量的差异,以期获取MSTN基因在不同月龄巴什拜羊的表达规律,同时丰富与肌肉生长相关基因的研究。结果表明:初生、3月龄新疆巴什拜羊肌肉中MSTN基因的表达量极显著低于1、2、4、5月龄(P0.01),1月龄的表达量又极显著高于其他各月龄(P0.01),2月龄显著低于5月龄(P0.05);初生时新疆巴什拜羊脂肪中MSTN基因的表达量极显著低于4月龄和5月龄(P0.01),1月龄MSTN基因的表达量极显著高于2月龄和3月龄(P0.01)、极显著低于4月龄和5月龄(P0.01),5月龄MSTN基因的表达量极显著高于4月龄(P0.01)。表明巴什拜羊肌肉生长发育在初生时较快,在1月龄和2月龄生长发育较慢,3月龄生长发育最快,随后生长发育趋于平稳;脂肪的生长发育在初生后略快于1月龄,2月龄和3月龄的生长发育较快,4月龄较慢,5月龄生长发育慢于其他各月龄。  相似文献   

6.
为研究饲养方式对略阳乌鸡肌肉发育和脂肪形成的影响,分别检测笼养和散养方式下60日龄、120日龄略阳乌鸡肌肉组织中相关基因的表达水平。结果发现:散养方式可提高肌肉嫩度,降低其硬度;笼养方式可提高肌肉产量和肌内脂肪(IMF)含量;60日龄散养鸡肌肉组织中慢肌标志基因碳酸酐酶Ⅲ(CAⅢ)的表达量显著低于笼养鸡,而快肌标志基因肌球蛋白碱性轻链2(MYL2)、肌球蛋白碱性轻链3(MYL3)和肌内脂肪形成候选基因脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)、瘦素受体基因(LEPR)的表达水平显著高于笼养鸡;120日龄时,散养鸡CAⅢ表达量显著升高,而钙/钙调素依赖性蛋白激酶(Ca MK)、MYL2、MYL3、LPL、LEPR和和胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)的表达量明显降低;随着日龄增加,笼养鸡骨骼肌中肌肉生长抑制素基因(MSTN)和腹脂沉积相关的甲状腺激素应答基因(THRSP)表达量显著升高,而散养鸡明显降低。综上所述,散养方式可提高略阳乌鸡骨骼肌中慢肌纤维相关基因表达水平,笼养方式促进骨骼肌中脂肪相关基因的表达,有利于肌内脂肪形成。  相似文献   

7.
提取大骨鸡胚胎腿肌RNA,对肌生成抑制素基因(MSTN)RT-PCR扩增、TA克隆和测序.结果表明,大骨鸡胚胎腿肌中存在2种不同大小的MSTN cDNA,一种MSTN cDNA由1 128 bp组成,我们将该序列称为chM-STN-1,与已报道的鸡MSTN cDNA(gi:38349516)序列同源性为100%;另外一种MSTN cDNA由985 bp组成,与chMSTN-1相比.缺失了374～517处的143个碱基,并且在51,234,324 bp处也发生碱基变化,这可能是一种新的MSTN cDNA,我们将该序列命名为chMSTN-2.另外,分别对上述2种MSTN cDNA进行双酶切、亚克隆,成功构建重组表达载体pGEX-KG-chMSTN-1与pGEX-KG-chMSTN-2,转染大肠杆菌并诱导表达.检测结果表明,chM-STN-1和chMSTN-2均能在大肠杆菌中表达,重组蛋白以包涵体形式存在,大小分别约为66 000和55 000.  相似文献   

8.
设计1对引物,建立RT—PCR方法对β1基因mRNA进行鉴定;以GAPDH基因为内参,建立检测鸡β1基因表达水平的sYBRGreenI实时荧光定量PCR方法,并用此方法测定1～20日龄雏鸡不同肠段组织81基因表达水平。结果显示,从鸡肠组织成功鉴定出β1基因mRNA;检测内参基因GAPDH和目的基因β1的实时荧光定量PCR方法扩增效率一致（扩增曲线斜率差〈0．1）,满足使用比较Ct值法对B1基因mRNA进行相对定量分析的前提;扩增曲线、熔解曲线及凝胶电泳结果提示该方法特异性好。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,1日龄雏鸡十二指肠和盲肠、10日龄雏鸡空肠和直肠、5日龄雏鸡回肠组织中β1基因相对表达量最高。结果表明,鸡肠组织中存在β1基因表达,并在不同日龄不同肠段表达水平存在差异。  相似文献   

9.
设计1对引物,建立RT-PCR方法对β1基因mRNA进行鉴定;以GAPDH基因为内参,建立检测鸡β1基因表达水平的SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR方法,并用此方法测定120日龄雏鸡不同肠段组织β1基因表达水平。结果显示,从鸡肠组织成功鉴定出β1基因mRNA;检测内参基因GAPDH和目的基因β1的实时荧光定量PCR方法扩增效率一致(扩增曲线斜率差<0.1),满足使用比较Ct值法对β1基因mRNA进行相对定量分析的前提;扩增曲线、熔解曲线及凝胶电泳结果提示该方法特异性好。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果表明,1日龄雏鸡十二指肠和盲肠、10日龄雏鸡空肠和直肠、5日龄雏鸡回肠组织中β1基因相对表达量最高。结果表明,鸡肠组织中存在β1基因表达,并在不同日龄不同肠段表达水平存在差异。  相似文献   

10.
旨在研究MSTN和p21基因在鸡、鹌鹑和杂交禽胚胎肌肉发育过程中的表达规律,比较这2个基因在杂交禽与亲本鸡和鹌鹑中的差异表达,探讨MSTN和p21基因与肌肉发育的关系。通过人工受精获得鸡(♂)与鹌鹑(♀)杂交禽蛋,与鸡蛋、鹌鹑蛋按照鸡标准孵化条件同批入孵,采集第7～17天活胚胸肌组织,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测MSTN和p21基因在3个物种中每一天mRNA的相对表达量。MSTN和p21基因在胚胎肌肉发育的第7～17天均有表达,这2个基因mRNA的表达在鸡胚中第9天到达第1次峰值,在鹌鹑中第7天到达第1次峰值,后都随胚胎的发育表达水平上升,并维持相对稳定的高水平表达。杂交禽的表达规律与鸡一致,也在第9天达到峰值,而p21mRNA表达极显著高于鸡和鹌鹑(P<0.01)。MSTN mRNA表达规律与成肌细胞退出细胞周期的时间规律一致;在胚胎肌肉发育过程中,MSTN基因特异性上调p21的表达。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

19.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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