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随着全球气候变暖，夏季高温环境下热应激严重影响畜禽健康，降低畜禽生产效率和产品品质，给养殖业造成了极大的经济损失。色氨酸属于芳香族氨基酸，是畜禽的必需氨基酸，同时也是多种生物活性分子的前体物质，可以调节机体肠道屏障和免疫功能，降低动物的应激反应。本文就热应激对畜禽肠道屏障及免疫功能的影响和色氨酸代谢对肠道屏障及免疫功能的调控作用进行综述，并探讨了色氨酸及其代谢产物调控热应激条件下畜禽肠道屏障及免疫功能的作用机制，以期为生产中应用色氨酸缓解畜禽热应激提供参考。 相似文献
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热应激诱导的氧化应激对动物肠道组织的损伤 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
热应激是一种常见的非特异性应激,给畜牧业带来较大的损失。肠道组织在热应激作用下易发生缺血缺氧,肠道细胞产生氧化应激,造成细胞凋亡,引起肠道组织损伤。而肠道作为动物机体吸收营养、屏障病原体最为重要的器官,当其受到损伤时将直接影响到动物机体的生长发育及健康状况。本文从热应激诱导肠道细胞产生氧化应激,氧化应激对肠道的损伤,以及热应激诱导细胞凋亡途径等方面,结合国内外近年来研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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