共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 154 毫秒
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Pin D Cachon T Carozzo C 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2007,54(9):539-541
The aim of the study was to determine the depth of excision using a dermatome to excise all hair follicle bulbs from the donor site. Partial-thickness skin samples of different depth, ranging from 0.4 to 1 mm, were excised using a dermatome (Aesculap) from the dorsal aspect of the trunk of the dog. Biopsies, using a 6-mm biopsy punch, were performed in the centre of each donor site and excised sample. They were processed routinely for histological examination and the aspect of the hair follicles was observed. Split-thickness skin grafts of >or=0.7 mm deep performed with a dermatome contain the entire hair follicle. 相似文献
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Raymond-Letron I Bourges-Abella N Rousseau T Douet JY de Geyer G Regnier A 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(2):92-97
Objective To describe the histologic features of canine distichiasis using excised tarsoconjunctival specimens that included roots of distichiatic cilia. Procedures The study group included 21 strips of cilia‐bearing tarsoconjunctiva resected from 20 dogs with distichiasis. Eyelid tissue specimens were also collected from 11 euthanized dogs without distichiasis to serve as controls. All flat mount preparations were processed for histologic examination, and serial sections were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E). A total of 157 slides were examined for the study group to describe the follicles and path of the distichiatic hairs and determine their potential connection with the tarsal glands. A total of 82 slides were examined for the control group. Results In 19 of the 20 dogs with distichiasis, serial sections of the specimens identified anatomic segments of hair follicles located abnormally in the eyelid tarsus and associated with the aberrant cilia. They appeared as hair bulbs adjacent to tarsal glands, middle portions of hair follicles located between sebaceous lobules, and single or multiple hair shafts present within the sebaceous duct. The tarsal glands in the cilia‐bearing tarsoconjunctiva were not different from those of the controls, in which no distichiatic hair bulbs or shafts were observed. Conclusions These results demonstrate that adventitious cilia are not associated with histologic changes of the tarsal glands, and appear to arise from ectopic hair follicles present in the tarsus. Canine distichiasis may result from anomalous regulation of morphogenesis of hair follicles in the mesenchymal tissue of the tarsal plate. 相似文献
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毛囊发育与周期性生长的调控信号通路研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
毛囊是皮肤的重要附属结构,也是控制哺乳动物被毛生长的重要器官。哺乳动物出生后,毛囊具有终生呈周期性生长的特性,毛囊干细胞、毛乳头细胞、毛母质细胞及脂肪细胞等参与了毛囊周期性生长,Wnt、BMP、Notch等信号通路与毛囊生长发育密切相关。本文从哺乳动物毛囊的结构、周期性生长特征以及参与毛囊周期性生长调控的相关信号通路等进行了详细阐述,为深入了解哺乳动物毛囊的周期性生长调控机制,以及为今后指导绒山羊、绵羊、长毛兔等毛用动物和獭兔、水貂、狐狸、貉等皮用动物选育和提高生产性能提供理论参考。 相似文献
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哺乳动物毛囊发育及调控研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
毛囊具有高度自我更新能力,是哺乳动物特有的皮肤构造,且是唯一呈终生周期性生长的器官。毛囊的发生始于胚胎期,皮肤上皮层细胞和下胚层细胞间的一系列相互作用诱导形成毛囊,之后毛囊进入周期性循环,包括生长、退行和休止3个阶段。毛囊的发育过程中受到复杂的网络调控。近年来,关于哺乳动物毛囊发育及调控机制的研究取得了较大进展。已有研究表明,毛囊的发生及循环过程中受到多种因子的调控,不同信号通路及miRNA和lncRNA相关基因的参与,构成了一个庞大而又复杂的网络调控图谱,每种调控因子间的相互促进及制约为毛囊的发生及循环提供了必要的保障。文章简述了人、羊及小鼠等哺乳动物毛囊形态发生、周期性循环及相关调控因子的研究进展,为更加全面地了解哺乳动物毛囊发育过程及调控机制提供了参考,同时对人工控制毛绒的周期生长进而提高毛绒产量和质量提供了思路。 相似文献
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内蒙古绒山羊与辽宁绒山羊皮肤毛囊周期性变化的比较研究 总被引：25，自引：2，他引：25
对内蒙古阿尔巴斯白绒山羊和辽宁绒山羊皮肤及毛囊的组织学周期性变化作了比较研究，结果表明：表皮生发层细胞从3月份开始活动并向下延伸，此时毛囊也开始重建，绒山羊毛囊8-9月份进入兴盛期，12月份进入退行期，2-3月份为休止期。它们进入兴盛期和持续的时间不同，初级毛囊除毛球宽外，其它各性状阿尔巴斯白绒山羊均大于辽宁绒山羊，而次级毛囊各性状辽宁绒山羊都大于阿尔巴斯白绒山羊，在大多数月份二者差异显著。毛囊深、密度、S／P、毛球宽和生长期是影响产绒量的因素。 相似文献
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Carolin L. H. Chiwitt Emma J. Scurrell Heidi J. Featherstone Christine L. Heinrich 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(5):913-917
A 15‐year‐old Cob mare presented with a 4‐month history of chronic epiphora and intermittent blepharospasm in the right eye. On ophthalmic examination, two translucent aberrant hairs were identified at the third eyelid margin corresponding to an area of corneal fibrosis and neovascularization. Partial excision of the third eyelid was performed, and histopathology confirmed ectopic hair follicles. Two weeks later, clinical signs recurred in the same eye. Examination revealed another pair of aberrant hairs on the bulbar surface of the third eyelid near its leading edge. This portion of the third eyelid was also excised, and histopathology confirmed two additional ectopic hair follicles. Eight months later, the horse developed similar clinical signs in the left eye. Ophthalmic examination showed a single aberrant translucent hair at the third eyelid margin associated with focal fibrosis and neovascularization of the ventromedial cornea. Partial excision of the third eyelid was performed, and histopathology confirmed an ectopic hair follicle within the third eyelid conjunctiva. Excision was curative at 4 years postoperatively with no further recurrence in either eye. 相似文献
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Histology of the hair cycle in male beagle dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
F K Al-Bagdadi C W Titkemeyer J E Lovell 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(12):1734-1741
A detailed histologic study of the hair follicles of male Beagle dogs was made to determine changes in microscopic structure associated with the three stages in the hair cycle. Observed changes are that the bulbs of hair follicles in anagen are more closely associated with adipose tissue than they are in telogen. This is due to the deeper penetration of the follicles into the subcutaneous tissue during anagen. The hair germ cells of telogen were presumed to arise from the stratum basale of the matrix cells rather than from the outer root sheath cells. During telogen, the dermal papilla is separated from the club hair, but remains in close proximity to it. There is no connecting stalk as is reported for other animals. 相似文献
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研究旨在检测骨形态发生蛋白2（bone morphogenetic protein2,BMP2）基因在内蒙古绒山羊皮肤毛囊发育一个完整周期内的表达规律及体内埋植褪黑激素（Melatonin,MT）后对其表达的影响。选取背景相同的内蒙古绒山羊成年母羊8只,随机分为4组,其中1～3组为埋植MT的试验组,第4组为不埋植MT的对照组,采集12个月的体侧部皮肤样品,通过实时定量PCR法检测BMP2基因在发育毛囊周期内的表达量。结果表明,在毛囊发育兴盛期和休止期,BMP2基因的表达量呈缓慢增加。且休止期的表达量高于生长期的表达量;埋植MT后降低了该基因在休止期的表达量,且在整个生长周期内表达量差异不显著。内蒙古绒山羊皮肤中BMP2基因的表达量与毛囊周期性生长密切相关,埋植MT后改变了BMP2基因在毛囊生长周期过程中的表达模式,推测该基因参与调节内蒙古绒山羊皮肤毛囊生长发育。 相似文献
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非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)是指从基因组上转录而来,不编码蛋白质,但在RNA水平上能行使一定生物学功能的RNA。非编码RNA的种类较多,种类的不同造成功能的差异。毛囊是绒山羊皮肤特殊的附属物,位于皮肤的真皮层,发生于绒山羊胚胎期。由于真皮细胞和上皮细胞间的信号分子传递,使其发育呈周期性变化,历经生长期、退行期和休止期。近年来,有关ncRNA在绒山羊毛囊发育中作用报道较多。文章就其中的微小RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)及环状RNA(circRNA)的生物发生及其在绒山羊毛囊发育中的作用机制进行了归纳、总结。miRNA是真核生物中存在的一种长18~25 nt的ncRNA分子,可通过与靶信使核糖核酸mRNA特异结合,抑制转录后基因表达。在绒山羊毛囊发育中,miRNA通过抑制相关基因及相关信号通路中关键分子的表达而调控毛囊的发育周期以及毛囊的再生能力。lncRNA是长度超过200 nt的ncRNA,经过剪接,具有polyA尾巴与启动子结构,在绒山羊毛囊发育中能促进毛囊细胞增殖与分化,通过调控基因的靶向表达与多种信号通路互作调节毛囊发育及绒毛生长的周期活动。circRNA是与传统的线性RNA不同的封闭环状RNA,含有许多miRNA结合位点,在绒山羊毛囊发育与绒毛生长中起miRNA分子海绵的作用,即通过miRNA的介导,调控靶基因的表达,促进毛囊干细胞向次级毛囊分化,进而解除与毛囊发育与绒毛生长相关的miRNA对其靶基因的抑制作用提高靶基因的表达水平。笔者通过对miRNA、lncRNA及circRNA的研究进行综述,以期为构建毛囊生长发育的分子调控网络及深入探讨绒山羊毛囊发育的调控机制提供借鉴,为今后更好地利用现代分子生物学技术改善绒毛品质提供理论依据。 相似文献
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【目的】 研究催乳素（PRL）对内蒙古绒山羊初级毛囊和次级毛囊体外生长及形态变化的影响。【方法】 机械法结合切割法分离内蒙古绒山羊的初级毛囊和次级毛囊,在初级毛囊培养液中分别添加0、5、10、50、100 ng/mL催乳素进行体外培养,每组24根,共培养5 d,每天在显微镜下观察其形态并拍照,统计其生长长度、生长速度和存活率,筛选出最适催乳素处理浓度。然后将初级毛囊与次级毛囊分别分为初级毛囊对照组（PF-K）、初级毛囊试验组（PF-PRL）、次级毛囊对照组（SF-K）、次级毛囊试验组（SF-PRL）,每组24根,对照组用基础培养液培养,试验组在基础培养液中添加最适浓度的催乳素,培养5 d,每天观察毛囊的形态并拍照,同时测量各组毛囊的生长长度。【结果】 10 ng/mL催乳素组毛囊的平均日生长长度均极显著高于其他浓度组（P<0.01）,最终生长长度和存活率均最高,因此,后续试验选择10 ng/mL催乳素处理毛囊。试验组和对照组初/次级毛囊的毛干与根鞘部位同时伸长,随着培养时间的增加均出现不同程度的弯曲。PF-PRL、SF-PRL组毛囊在2~5 d的总长度分别极显著高于PF-K、SF-K组（P<0.01）。PF-K组除第1天与第0天差异不显著外,1~5 d毛囊的总长度依次显著增加（P<0.05）;PF-PRL组0~5 d毛囊的总长度依次显著增加（P<0.05）。SF-K组毛囊第5天的总长度显著高于0~4 d （P<0.05）;SF-PRL组第4、5天毛囊的总长度均显著高于0~3 d （P<0.05）,第3天毛囊的总长度显著高于0~2 d （P<0.05）。PF-PRL、SF-PRL组毛囊在2~5 d的平均日生长长度分别极显著高于PF-K、SF-K组（P<0.01）。【结论】 10 ng/mL催乳素是体外促进毛囊生长的最适浓度,10 ng/mL催乳素对体外培养的内蒙古绒山羊的初级毛囊和次级毛囊均有极显著的促生长作用。 相似文献
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为了解水貂皮肤毛囊发育的变化规律,本试验采集0～6周龄初生的美国短毛黑公水貂的背中部皮肤样品,用HE染色法制备组织切片,在显微镜下观察其皮肤毛囊结构及变化规律。结果发现,水貂的皮肤在出生前就已经基本发育完成,初级毛囊、次级毛囊的毛干具有髓质;水貂出生时可见初级毛囊而无次级毛囊,初级毛囊的密度随周龄的增加而增加,于4周龄后降低,初级毛囊在水貂4周龄后不再发育或很少发育, 4周龄时可见次级毛囊,次级毛囊随水貂体表的增长毛密度增加,且在水貂出生后大量发育。水貂6周龄时S/P值为2.95±0.23,次级毛囊仍将大量发育。水貂背中部表皮呈先增厚后变薄的变化,真皮随着周龄的增加而增厚;初级毛囊、次级毛囊随周龄的增加而加深。 相似文献
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中国绵山羊养殖历史悠久,品种资源丰富,在国民经济中起重要作用。羊毛按纤维类型可分为同质毛和异质毛,同质毛的特点是被毛由同一类型的羊毛纤维组成,其特点是羊毛的纤维直径、长度、卷曲等外表特征基本相同,异质毛的特点是被毛中兼有绒毛、有髓毛、无卷曲和少卷毛等不同类型的羊毛纤维,其化学、物理性能均不相同。毛囊是控制哺乳动物被毛生长的重要器官,是唯一具有周期性发育并可终生再生的器官,控制着被毛发生发育与自然脱落。毛囊依据其形成时间和结构可分为初级毛囊(primary follicles)和次级毛囊(secondary follicles),初级毛囊生长髓质发达的粗毛,次级毛囊产生无髓毛的绒毛。有髓毛较粗长且弯曲少,多用于加工粗纺织品、毛毯、地毯、毡制品;无髓毛直径一般不超40 μm,弯曲多,是毛纺工业的优质原料。毛囊的发育受到不同信号通路和基因的影响,如Wnt信号通路、骨形态发生蛋白质(BMP)信号通路、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)信号通路、音猬因子(SHH)信号通路、Notch信号通路等以及角蛋白家族基因、BMPs家族基因、同源异型盒基因(Hox)等。作者对国内外对绵山羊胎儿期皮肤毛囊发育及调控机制进行综述,以期为提高以绵山羊被毛产量及改善被毛品质为主要育种目标的选育提供参考。 相似文献
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Credille KM Slater MR Moriello KA Nachreiner RF Tucker KA Dunstan RW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(6):539-546
The effects of hypothyroidism on canine skin were determined by comparing morphologic, morphometric, and hair cycle differences in skin biopsy samples from 3 groups of age- and gender-matched Beagle dogs: (1) euthyroid dogs; (2) dogs made hypothyroid by administration of 131I; and (3) dogs made hypothyroid and maintained in a euthyroid state by treatment with synthetic thyroxine. After 10 months of observation, there was slower regrowth of hair 2 months after clipping in the untreated-hypothyroid dogs. Untreated-hypothyroid dogs had a greater number of follicles in telogen and fewer hair shafts (ie, a greater number of hairless telogen follicles) than did the control group. The control dogs had a greater number of telogen follicles but the same number of hair shafts as the treated-hypothyroid group. Treated-hypothyroid dogs had the greatest number of follicles in the growing stage of the hair cycle (anagen). This study suggests that, at least in Beagles, induced hypothyroidism does not affect the pelage as dramatically as has been described in naturally occurring disease. This is because normal Beagles retain hair shafts in follicles for long periods, and the alopecia of hypothyroidism appears to evolve slowly because of the prolongation of this haired telogen stage. The evaluation of thyroxine-treated hypothyroid dogs demonstrates that thyroid hormone supplementation of Beagle dogs with induced hypothyroidism stimulates hair growth. 相似文献
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LIU Bin GUO Jun Wudubala MA Yue-jun XIN Lei-yong ZHAO Cun-fa LI Yu-rong YIN Jun 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(4):994-1000
In order to extend the anagen of cashmere goat hair follicles and increase the production of cashmere,this study was performed with artificially shorten the daylight time among Arbas White cashmere goats. Skin tissue sections from cashmere goats were collected to compare the morphologic changes between artificial daylight and natural daylight,and immunohistochemical method was used to study the hair follicle cell proliferation and important protein expression in related signaling pathways. The results showed that strong cell proliferation occurred in cashmere goat hair follicle cells during artificial daylight,plenty of cytokeratin 15 (K15) positive signals were distributed in the outer root sheath,β-catenin protein was actively expressed in hair matrix and root sheath, indicating that the hair follicles were in the anagen growth phase;Meanwhile,cashmere goat hair follicles under natural daylight were in telogen with weak signals. Above all prove that short photoperiod played an important role in promoting hair follicle growth,the artificial short photoperiod could change hair follicle growth cycle and make hair follicles earlier enter to the anagen growth phase,causing a variety of typical gene expressions during hair follicle growth. 相似文献