共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
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为了阐明在模拟急性低压性低氧环境下血气指标的变化趋势,选取BALB/c小鼠作为研究对象,检测了模拟急性低压性低氧时其血液中动脉与静脉的血氧饱和度、氧分压、二氧化碳分压等血液指标的变化。结果表明：随着缺氧时间的延长,BALB/c小鼠动、静脉血氧饱和度差值逐渐增大,24 h后趋于平衡;动、静脉氧分压差随着缺氧时间的延长表现为先降低后增加的趋势;动、静脉二氧化碳分压差随着缺氧时间延长表现为先增加后降低的趋势。该种动态变化主要是由于BALB/c小鼠随着缺氧时间延长,代偿性提高氧的供应、提高氧的利用效率,达到适应缺氧环境的目的。 相似文献
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比较观察和测量了高原藏羊和平原小尾寒羊的肺组织结构,并就藏羊肺组织形态测量指标与高原低氧的关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明,藏羊肺组织在肺泡大小、单位面积肺泡数和细小血管数、肺泡隔的厚度、肺泡隔内弹性纤维含量和毛细血管数量、终末细支气管的管径及细小动脉管壁中弹性纤维和平滑肌的含量等方面与小尾寒羊的肺组织相应值比较,表现有一定的差异和特点,这些差异和特点正是藏羊肺组织适应高原低氧的形态学特点。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(17)
为了阐明高原牦牛肺血管随海拔升高对高原低氧环境适应的结构学特点及发育学特点,试验采用免疫组织化学染色法对1日龄、30日龄、180日龄、成年牦牛肺血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的分布进行了研究。结果表明:VEGF大量分布于导气部上皮的Clara细胞胞质和伴行肺动脉内皮细胞胞质内,在导气部上皮的纤毛细胞、管壁平滑肌内也有分布,VEGF在肺动脉平滑肌中的分布随着管径的减小而减少;在呼吸部上皮内没有VEGF分布,仅在肺泡壁有散在分布。而大通牦牛肺组织VEGF的灰度值随着年龄的增长表现为先降低再升高,山东黄牛肺组织VEGF的灰度值随着年龄的增长表现为逐渐升高,而相同发育阶段大通牦牛肺组织VEGF灰度值极显著高于山东黄牛肺组织VEGF灰度值。表明低氧能刺激大通牦牛肺导气部和肺动脉内的VEGF含量增加,从而对牦牛肺脏新生微血管的形成产生影响,这可能是牦牛肺脏能适应高原低氧环境的重要因素。 相似文献
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封闭式育肥猪舍内环境颗粒物对小鼠肺组织损伤的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在探讨封闭式育肥猪舍环境颗粒物对小鼠肺组织损伤的影响。试验选择30只6周龄BALB/C雌性小鼠,根据初始体重随机分为3个处理组,即对照组、生理盐水滴鼻组和颗粒物滴鼻组,每个处理10个重复,每个重复1只小鼠。对照组不做处理,颗粒物滴鼻组每日滴鼻50μL颗粒物样品溶液,生理盐水滴鼻组每日滴鼻等量的生理盐水。试验期7 d。于第3天和第7天采集小鼠尾静脉血和肺组织进行分析。结果表明:颗粒物滴鼻组小鼠的体重显著低于对照组和生理盐水滴鼻组(P0.05);颗粒物滴鼻组小鼠的肺组织出现明显的病理损伤,而对照组和生理盐水滴鼻组无显著变化;颗粒物滴鼻组小鼠肺组织出现明显炎症反应,肺部组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α和白介素-6水平显著高于对照组和生理盐水滴鼻组(P0.05),并且颗粒物滴鼻组小鼠肺组织内干扰素-γ和白介素-12有上调表达趋势(P0.10);各处理组小鼠的血液生化指标无显著差异(P0.10)。由此可见,封闭式育肥猪舍环境颗粒物滴鼻对小鼠体重有显著影响;小鼠吸入含高浓度空气颗粒物质量浓度的溶液对肺组织有明显的病理损伤及炎症反应,肺部组织重要细胞因子TNF-α、IL-1、IL-4、IL-6等m RNA表达上调明显,长期处于如此高浓度空气颗粒物质量浓度的空气环境中可能引发多种肺部疾病。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2019,(22)
转铁蛋白(TF)是运输铁离子的重要蛋白,其与低氧有密切联系。研究比较了藏鸡在常氧(O_2,21%)和低氧(O_2,13%)孵化环境中胚胎尿囊绒毛膜(CAM)组织TF基因mRNA表达变化及其与茶花鸡的差异,以及在不同氧气浓度培养条件下鸡胚成纤维细胞(DF-1)中TF基因的mRNA表达变化,阐述TF基因表达与低氧适应的关系。结果显示:在鸡胚孵化期第11～16天,藏鸡CAM组织中TF基因在低氧环境下的表达高于常氧环境及茶花鸡(P0.05),且低氧明显刺激DF-1细胞中TF基因的表达(P0.05)。研究表明在低氧环境中藏鸡CAM组织TF基因表现出明显的增加,促进了血液中Fe3+的运输以及增加血氧结合能力从而使其胚胎能更好的适应低氧环境。 相似文献
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氧气对低地鸡蛋胚胎死亡和孵化率的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过模拟常压低氧和高海拔增氧孵化试验，研究了氧气浓度对低地良种鸡蛋胚胎死亡率和孵化率的影响。死亡胚胎的分布用2阶段增长模型分析。模拟2900m海拔常压低氧孵化增加了胚胎后期死亡率，使孵化率降低到接近2900m海拔实际孵化率水平；2900m海拔全期增氧孵化可以有效降低前期和后期胚胎死亡率，大大提高孵化率；阶段增氧孵化也能不同程度提高孵化率，改变胚胎死亡分布，其中效果最好的为前期增氧组。结果说明低氧是影响2900m海拔鸡蛋孵化的最主要因素。 相似文献
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归芪益母汤耐缺氧及抗氧化作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
归芪益母汤经水提醇沉制成注射液 ,给小鼠经腹腔注射给药 ,进行常压缺氧、减压缺氧、化学法缺氧和抗氧化试验 ,探讨了归芪益母汤对小鼠耐缺氧和抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明 ,归芪益母汤注射液显著延长了缺氧小鼠的存活时间 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,其中常压缺氧存活时间延长 1 1 0 .2 1 %,减压缺氧存活时间延长 76 .4 8%,化学法缺氧存活时间延长2 4 0 .87%,提示归芪益母汤能够提高小鼠的耐缺氧能力。抗氧化方面 ,体内试验表明 ,其能显著降低小鼠因急性缺氧再暴露所引起的 MDA的产生 (P<0 .0 1 ) ;体外试验表明 ,能拮抗 H2 O2 诱导的溶血 ,抑制超氧离子 (O- 2 )生成 相似文献
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This article reviews recent nutritional approaches for counteracting the development of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS; ascites) in broiler chickens especially when they are reared at high altitudes. High altitudes impose the sustained stress of hypobaric hypoxia, which reduces the availability of atmospheric oxygen to red blood cells passing through the lungs, thereby causing systemic arterial hypoxaemia (undersaturation of haemoglobin with oxygen), pulmonary arterial hypertension and PHS/ascites in susceptible broilers. Proper nutritional strategies are needed to reduce metabolic activity and prevent the development of ascites especially when modern broilers are reared in regions where the existing altitudes limit the availability of atmospheric oxygen. This article also addresses controversies with regard to broiler nutrition in relation to PHS. For example, the catabolism of protein from feed ingredients incurs increased oxygen consumption, suggesting that feeding reduced‐protein diets to broiler chickens may result in reduced PHS incidences. However, experimental and field data indicate that feeding reduced‐protein diets to broilers subjected to hypobaric hypoxia increases the development of PHS. Controversies on the nutrition of unsaturated fat in relation to PHS are also discussed. In conclusion, hypoxia, acidosis, vasoconstriction and enhanced metabolic rate are triggers of PHS. Feeding reduced‐protein diets might promote the susceptibility of broilers to PHS by decreased dietary intake of arginine, decreased uric acid production and increased lipogenesis. Feeding high‐protein diets, dietary arginine supplementation, partial substitution of sodium bicarbonate for sodium chloride, feeding low‐fat diets and effective feed restriction programmes can be considered as nutritional approaches to prevent PHS. 相似文献
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目的研究血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）在绵羊肺脏中的表达分布特征。方法取成年绵羊肺脏组织,制备石蜡切片,利用HE染色法观察绵羊肺脏组织的形态结构,采用免疫组织化学方法检测VEGF在绵羊肺脏组织中的分布。结果肺脏的各类型细胞均可见VEGF表达,在绵羊肺脏导气部的细支气管和终末细支气管的上皮细胞,呼吸部的肺泡管和呼吸性细支气管的上皮细胞,以及肺的血管内皮细胞均可检测到VEGF的强阳性表达信号。结论VEGF广泛分布于绵羊肺脏组织中,对其形态结构和功能的维持具有重要作用。 相似文献
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Pulmonary hypertension is a well-recognised condition in dogs, and, among other mechanisms, is caused by hypoxia. In order to evaluate the effect of chronic hypobaric hypoxia on pulmonary arterial pressure in dogs, a colony of 19 clinically and biochemically healthy Greenland sled dogs living permanently at at least 2300 m above sea level (altitude dogs) and 10 clinically healthy Greenland sled dogs living at 700 to 900 m above sea level (control dogs) were examined. Investigations were made of the dogs' packed-cell volume, venous and arterial blood gases, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and echocardiograph, including the calculation of pulmonary arterial pressure by Doppler examination of tricuspid regurgitation. The altitude dogs had a marked arterial hypoxaemia with a mean (sd) oxygen partial pressure of 61.9 (7.4) mmHg and a significantly lower arterial oxygen saturation (90.7 [3.7] per cent) than the control dogs (96.7 [0.8] per cent). In eight of the altitude dogs, tricuspid regurgitation allowed calculation of the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, which was 29.5 (10.4) mmHg. Eight of the control dogs had tricuspid insufficiency, and their derived systolic pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly lower (17.4 [3.9] mmHg). 相似文献
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高原环境主要的生态因子为低氧分压,高原民族和动物定居高原的时间和海拔不同,受到不同程度和不同时间的低氧选择。血液生理特征是机体适应低氧环境的一个重要表现,血液生理指标能直接反应机体对低氧环境的适应性。同时,低氧适应相关基因在机体低氧适应的调控过程中起着非常重要的作用。高原民族和动物低氧适应研究的热点集中于血液生理及其形成的分子机制领域,而随着分子生物学技术的发展,越来越多参与低氧适应调控通路的基因被发现,作者就低氧适应血液生理特征和相关基因的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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Oestrogens are responsible for the sexual dimorphism in adult mice lung tissue, and this difference is most notable at sexual maturity. Oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) and the oestrogen receptor-beta (ERβ) are the two receptors that mediate oestrogen action, but adult mice lung tissue only expresses ERβ, and it is probably through this receptor that oestrogens exert their action. The goal of our study was to detect the expression of ERα and ERβ in mouse foetal lung tissues and identify possible gender differences. The foetal lung tissue was collected between developmental days E15-E19, processed for histology and the expression of oestrogen receptors was detected by immunohistochemistry. Over the 5?days of lung development that were evaluated ERα was not expressed in the foetal lung tissues of neither male nor female mice. In contrast, ERβ was detected in both sexes, although the immunoreactivity differed for each developmental day whilst the staining intensity observed for ERβ also indicated differences between male and female lung tissues. The results demonstrate the existence of a gender difference in the foetal expression of ERβ in lungs of mice. 相似文献
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旨在研究被动吸烟对小白鼠肺部组织结构的影响。对小白鼠进行烟熏处理后,取其肺部组织,制作石蜡切片,进行HE染色,借助显微镜观察小白鼠肺部组织结构的变化。研究结果表明,烟熏后小白鼠肺部出现肺泡扩充,肺泡壁变薄;肺泡隔出现不同程度的组织增生;肺泡囊、肺泡管扩大或受损;细支气管管壁受损,黏膜上皮柱状纤毛细胞数量增多,排列凌乱,管腔内有异物积累,管腔变窄;终末细支气管黏膜皱襞受损严重,管壁增厚。并且通过比较可观察到香烟烟雾对成年小白鼠肺部组织结构的影响变化较幼年小白鼠更明显。由该试验结果可以得出,随着烟熏时间的延长,香烟烟雾中的某些物质会引起小白鼠肺部组织结构发生明显变化,且被动吸烟对成年小鼠肺部组织结构造成的影响较幼年小鼠严重。 相似文献