共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 344 毫秒
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无乳链球菌是导致罗非鱼链球菌病的主要病原菌。为探讨裸花紫珠颗粒对无乳链球菌体外抑菌活性，采用肉汤二倍稀释法测定裸花紫珠颗粒对无乳链球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC),同时进行标准无乳链球菌和临床分离无乳链球菌对常用抗菌药的敏感性试验。结果表明，裸花紫珠颗粒对罗非鱼源无乳链球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为10.000 mg/mL,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为20.000 mg/mL;药敏试验结果显示临床分离株无乳链球菌对四环素、环丙沙星、氟苯尼考的敏感性降低。该结果为下一步开展裸花紫珠对罗非鱼临床保护试验研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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链球菌病主要由溶血性链球菌引起的多种人畜共患病的总称。动物链球菌病中以猪、牛、羊、马、鸡较常见，近来水貂、牦牛、兔和鱼类也有发生链球菌病的报道。 1 病原 链球菌的种类繁多，自然界分布很广。 相似文献
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无乳链球菌是常见的人兽共患病原菌,常导致新生儿肺炎、脑膜炎、败血症及奶牛乳腺炎。近年来,在水生动物体内也频繁分离到该菌,尤其是自2007年以来,该菌每年都在中国广东、海南、福建、广西等罗非鱼主要养殖区暴发流行,严重威胁着罗非鱼养殖业的健康发展。作者综述了当前国内外对鱼类无乳链球菌病的病原学、流行病学、症状、病理变化、毒力因子（荚膜多糖、CAMP因子、表面免疫原性蛋白、α蛋白、C5a肽酶）和防控等方面的研究进展,以期为中国鱼类无乳链球菌病的防控提供参考。 相似文献
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我国是水产养殖大国，近年来水产养殖行业发展迅猛，与此同时病害问题日益突出，其中链球菌的感染最为严重，严重危害着行业的健康发展。链球菌能感染多种水生生物并造成疫病暴发，其病原主要为海豚链球菌（Streptococcus iniae）、无乳链球菌（Streptococcus agalactiae）、副乳房链球菌（Streptococcus parauberis）等，感染鱼类的典型症状包括行为异常、眼球突出和脑膜炎等。目前，抗菌药物仍是治疗链球菌病的首选，但长期以及滥用药不利于水产业的长足发展。疫苗是防控链球菌病的有效途径，但尚未有获批的商业化渔用疫苗。该文从病原学、流行病学与临床病症、致病机理、检测技术方面介绍链球菌病防治的新策略和新思考，以期为链球菌病的防控提供参考。 相似文献
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无乳链球菌检测及其奶牛乳腺炎防治的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文就近年来国内外在无乳链球菌的鉴定、检测方法、防御等方面的研究进展进行了系统性的综述,为控制该病原微生物的传播、蔓延和由无乳链球菌引起的奶牛乳腺炎的防治提供参考。无乳链球菌（Streptococcus agalactiae）属于B群链球菌,是影响人畜健康的重要病原微生物之一。它可以引起新生儿脑膜炎、肺炎、败血病等,又是奶牛乳腺炎的主要病原体之一,给奶牛业造成了巨大的损失。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2016,(8)
为建立检测罗非鱼无乳链球菌特异性抗体的方法及评价疫苗的免疫效果,本研究首先制备纯化罗非鱼无乳链球菌特异性IgM和兔抗罗非鱼无乳链球菌IgM的IgG,利用原核表达纯化的无乳链球菌ScpB蛋白作为包被抗原,通过优化反应条件,建立检测无乳链球菌特异性IgM抗体的ELISA方法,并通过比较测定无乳链球菌疫苗免疫后血清抗体水平变化与攻毒后相对免疫保护率的关系来评估该方法的有效性。结果表明:该方法仅能够特异性的检测罗非鱼的血清抗体,而与其它鱼类的血清抗体无交叉反应,特异性良好,其敏感性为1∶800,批内、批间变异系数均小于10%,具有较好的重复性,并且抗体水平的变化与相对免疫保护率(RPS)变化具有平行相关性,变化趋势基本一致。本研究首次建立了检测罗非鱼无乳链球菌特异性IgM抗体的ELISA方法,该方法可以作为评估无乳链球菌疫苗免疫效果的有效手段,也为罗非鱼无乳链球菌病的检测提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎是乳腺受到物理、化学、微生物等因素的刺激所发生的炎症变化，是多因素疾病综合征。 奶牛乳房炎是目前危害奶牛养殖业的主要疾病之一，每年可造成巨大的经济损失。虽然有多种病原微生物可引起奶牛乳房炎，但国内外公认的最常见、最主要的病原为金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、乳房链球菌、停乳链球菌和大肠杆菌等肠杆菌。 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎的防治措施 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
乳房炎是奶牛经常发生的疾病,是造成奶牛生产经济损失的重要原因之一.乳房炎的病原体有80～130多种,其中主要的病原为无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、霉形体、乳房链球菌、大肠杆菌等. 相似文献
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Streptococcus agalactiae is common zoonotic bacteria,which cause neonatal pneumonia,meningitis,septicemia and mastitis in dairy cows.In recent years,it was also be isolated from aquatic animals frequently.Especially since 2007,diseases caused by the bacteria outbreak in Guangdong,Hainan,Fujian,Guangxi and other tilapia aquaculture areas and had a serious threat to the healthy development of tilapia aquaculture in china.In this paper, research progresses on fish Streptococcus agalactiae disease were reviewed.The etiology,epidemiology,symptoms,pathological changes,virulence factors (capsular polysaccharide,CAMP factor,Sip,protein alpha,C5a peptidase) and prevention and control were included in the review,which would provide references for the fish Streptococcus agalactiae disease prevention and control. 相似文献
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Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus difficile 16S-23S intergenic rDNA: genetic homogeneity and species-specific PCR 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Streptococcus difficile is a non-hemolytic Gram-positive bacterial coccus that causes septicemia and meningoencephalitis in farmed tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Recent studies have demonstrated S. difficile to be a group B, type Ib streptococcus with a whole cell protein electrophoretic profile indistinguishable from S. agalactiae and a biochemical profile similar to that observed for other group B, type Ib streptococci isolated from fish and frogs. The aim of this study was to expand on these findings by comparative nucleic acid sequence analysis of the 16S-23S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) intergenic spacers of S. difficile and S. agalactiae. The 97.7% sequence homology identified in these studies supports the taxonomic relationship of these two organisms. The sequence data generated were also used to construct a pair of species-specific PCR primers for use in molecular detection and identification schemes. 相似文献
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Mastitis is the most common infectious disease affecting dairy cattle; in addition, it remains the most economically important disease of dairy industries around the world. Streptococcus agalactiae, a contagious pathogen associated with subclinical mastitis, is highly infectious. This bacterium can cause an increase in bulk tank bacterial counts (BTBC) and bulk tank somatic cell counts (BTSCC). The microbiological identification of S. agalactiae in samples from bulk tanks is an auxiliary method to control contagious mastitis. Thus, there are some limitations for time-consuming cultures or identification methods and additional concerns about the conservation and transport of samples. Bulk tank samples from 247 dairy farms were cultured and compared through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), directed to 16S rRNA genes of S. agalactiae, followed by BTBC and S. agalactiae isolation. The mean value of BTBC was 1.08×10(6) CFU mL(-1) and the bacterium was identified through the microbiological method in 98 (39.7%; CI(95%)=33.8-45.9%) and through PCR in 110 (44.5%; CI(95%)=38.5-50.8%) samples. Results indicated sensitivity of 0.8571±0.0353 (CI(95%)=0.7719-0.9196) and specificity of 0.8255±0.0311 (CI(95%)=0.7549-0.8827). The lack of significant difference between microbiological and molecular results (κ=0.6686±0.0477 and CI(95%)=0.5752-0.7620) indicated substantial agreement between the methods. This suggests that PCR can be used for bulk tank samples to detect contagious mastitis caused by S. agalactiae. 相似文献
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无乳链球菌是导致奶牛乳腺炎的重要病原菌,本研究评价了SIP(surface immunogenic protein)亚单位疫苗对小鼠无乳链球菌乳腺炎的免疫保护效果。制备无乳链球菌SIP亚单位疫苗和灭活疫苗,对小鼠进行免疫,并设PBS阴性对照。免疫前后采血测定IgG及IgG亚类的抗体滴度。免疫小鼠分娩后第4天,进行无乳链球菌乳腺攻毒试验。24h后扑杀攻毒鼠,进行乳腺内CFU的测定,制作并观察乳腺组织病理切片。结果显示,SIP亚单位疫苗免疫组IgG及IgG亚类抗体滴度显著高于灭活疫苗组(P0.01)。免疫哺乳小鼠乳腺攻毒后,SIP亚单位疫苗免疫组小鼠乳腺CFU显著低于灭活疫苗组及对照组(P0.001)。乳腺病理切片显示SIP亚单位疫苗组乳腺组织结构较对照组完整,且中性粒细胞浸润程度最小。本研究表明,无乳链球菌SIP亚单位疫苗有望作为奶牛无乳链球菌乳腺炎的候选亚单位疫苗。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究无乳链球菌的生物学特性,为防治无乳链球菌引起的奶牛乳房炎提供理论依据。根据细菌分子生物学分离鉴定无乳链球菌,参考GenBank登录的牛源无乳链球菌16S rRNA、菌属特异性cfb （CAMP因子）、毒力基因和耐药基因序列,运用Oligo 6.0和Primer Premier 5.0软件设计14对引物,建立PCR快速检测方法,并进行20种常见抗生药物的耐药试验。结果显示,试验成功鉴定出17株牛源无乳链球菌,毒力基因与NCBI上已报道的无乳链球菌相应序列具有高度同源性,均≥99%;共检测到6种耐药基因;分离菌株对青霉素、红霉素、林可霉素、克林霉素、万古霉素、氨苄西林、新生霉素、磺胺异噁唑的耐药率均较高,耐药率依次为100.0%、94.1%、94.1%、94.1%、94.1%、82.3%、82.3%和47.1%,对青霉素严重耐药;而对氨基糖苷类、四环素类、头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类耐药率均较低,耐药率分别为15.7%、14.7%、7.7%和3.9%。本研究结果表明,建立的PCR快速检测方法灵敏可靠,云南地区无乳链球菌已对部分β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类、磺胺类等抗生素出现多重耐药性。 相似文献
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G P Keefe 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1997,38(7):429-437
Streptococcus agalactiae continues to be a major cause of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle and a source of economic loss for the industry. Veterinarians are often asked to provide information on herd level control and eradication of S. agalactiae mastitis. This review collects and collates relevant publications on the subject. The literature search was conducted in 1993 on the Agricola database. Articles related to S. agalactiae epidemiology, pathogen identification techniques, milk quality consequences, and control, prevention, and therapy were included. Streptococcus agalactiae is an oblique parasite of the bovine mammary gland and is susceptible to treatment with a variety of antibiotics. Despite this fact, where state or provincial census data are available, herd prevalence levels range from 11% (Alberta, 1991) to 47% (Vermont, 1985). Infection with S. agalactiae is associated with elevated somatic cell count and total bacteria count and a decrease in the quantity and quality of milk products produced. Bulk tank milk culture has, using traditional milk culture techniques, had a low sensitivity for identifying S. agalactiae at the herd level. New culture methods, using selective media and large inocula, have substantially improved the sensitivity of bulk tank culture. Efficacy of therapy on individual cows remains high. Protocols for therapy of all infected animals in a herd are generally successful in eradicating the pathogen from the herd, especially if they are followed up with good udder hygiene techniques. 相似文献
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无乳链球菌是引起奶牛乳房炎的常见病原微生物之一,其表面蛋白作为一种高免疫原性的生物大分子,具有较高的种内特异性,是理想的候选疫苗与免疫检测靶标。本研究通过对无乳链球菌高免疫原性表面蛋白Rib的重组表达与抗体制备,为后期无乳链球菌的疫苗研制与检测奠定了良好的基础。首先提取了无乳链球菌基因组DNA,从中成功扩增出长度为452bp的编码表面蛋白Rib N端的基因片段。将这一片段连入重组表达载体pET-26b,转化受体菌株BL21(DE3)后利用IPTG进行诱导,结果表达了分子质量约为18ku的外源蛋白。在低温表达条件下,对IPTG诱导浓度进行优化,结果表明,IPTG的最适诱导浓度为0.05mmol/L。将诱导后的菌体进行超声波破碎并进行SDS-PAGE检测,结果显示重组蛋白以包涵体形式存在,对其进行变性、复性处理,利用亲和凝胶纯化后获得了纯度较高的重组蛋白。将重组蛋白免疫新西兰兔制备多克隆抗体,经检测抗体效价达到1∶480 000。 相似文献
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Contagious mastitis pathogens continue to pose an economic threat to the dairy industry. An understanding of their frequency and transmission dynamics is central to evaluating the effectiveness of control programmes. The objectives of this study were twofold: (1) to estimate the annual herd-level incidence rates and apparent prevalences of Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) in the population of Danish dairy cattle herds over a 10-year period from 2000 to 2009 inclusive and (2) to estimate the herd-level entry and exit rates (demographic parameters), the transmission parameter, β, and recovery rate for S. agalactiae infection. Data covering the specified period, on bacteriological culture of all bulk tank milk samples collected annually as part of the mandatory Danish S. agalactiae surveillance scheme, were extracted from the Danish Cattle Database and subsequently analysed. There was an increasing trend in both the incidence and prevalence of S. agalactiae over the study period. Per 100 herd-years the value of β was 54.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.0-63.7); entry rate 0.3 (95% CI 0.2-0.4); infection-related exit rate 7.1 (95% CI 5.6-8.9); non-infection related exit rate 9.2 (95% CI 7.4-11.5) and recovery rate 40.0 (95% CI 36.8-43.5). This study demonstrates a need to tighten the current controls against S. agalactiae in order to lower its incidence. 相似文献