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1.
奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌16S rDNA基因芯片检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本研究建立了快速检测奶牛乳房炎主要致病茵的基因芯片方法,试验以奶牛乳房炎4种主要致病菌的16SrDNA基因作为基因芯片检测的靶片段,设计和筛选通用性引物和特异性探针,对通用引物进行荧光标记、PCR扩增、芯片杂交和信号扫描分析,根据杂交信号强度和聚类分析结果,判定奶牛乳房炎感染的致病菌种类。实验结果显示：以16SrDNA为靶基因检测奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌（无乳链球菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、奇异变形杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌）的基因芯片方法,可以快速、特异、准确地对这4种试验菌株进行检测和鉴定。该检测方法的建立将为流行病学调查、食品卫生监督、乳房炎的防控等提供快速、有效的检测方法,具有良好的市场应用前景。  相似文献   

2.
为建立同时检测皮毛中携带的布鲁氏菌、大肠杆菌O157、金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、丹毒杆菌、铜绿假单胞杆菌6种致病菌的基因芯片检测方法,本研究根据NCBI中细菌的16S rDNA和gyrB基因序列,分别设计通用引物和特异性寡核苷酸探针.点样制备检测基因芯片,核酸杂交后,优化并建立同时检测6种致病菌的基因芯片方法.结果表明:使用47％甲酰胺杂交液,42℃摇转杂交4h为最佳杂交条件.建立的基因芯片方法在多种致病菌之间无交叉反应,检测敏感性可达10拷贝.制备的基因芯片稳定,有效保存期为6个月.该基因芯片对临床样品的检测结果与PCR平行检测结果的符合率为100％.本研究建立的基因芯片检测皮毛中6种致病菌的方法具有高通量、灵敏和特异的特点,为临床皮毛中致病菌的检测和监控提供了新的检测方法.  相似文献   

3.
基因芯片方法检测6种动物源性人兽共患病病原   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了建立可同时检测H5亚型禽流感病毒、狂犬病病毒、猪链球菌2型、炭疽芽孢杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌O157的基因芯片检测方法,本实验根据GenBank中上述6种病原的基因序列,设计并合成了特异性的引物和探针.采用点样法制备杂交芯片,将上述病原扩增产物混合后与芯片杂交.杂交结果显示,针对本试验中6种人兽共患传染病所设计的寡核苷酸探针可特异性识别靶基因,与其他常见病原体之间没有交叉反应.检测的灵敏度在1.38×10-5pg/μL～151 pg/μL之间.将建立的基因芯片检测方法对临床样品进行检测,结果与荧光PCR方法一致.  相似文献   

4.
目的建立一种能同时检测饲料及动物性食品中的山羊和绵羊源性成分的双重荧光PCR方法,应用于动物源性饲料及动物性食品的快速检验.方法分别根据山羊、绵羊线粒体种间保守序列,设计合成针对山羊和绵羊的特异性引物及TaqMan探针,通过荧光PCR反应体系和反应条件的优化筛选,建立可同时检测饲料及动物性食品中的山羊和绵羊源性成分的双重荧光PCR方法.结果本研究所建立的双重荧光PCR检测方法可同时快速检测饲料及动物性食品中的山羊和绵羊源性成分,应用本方法检测山羊肉和绵羊肉模板的检出限均为10-5,与相应的单重荧光PCR方法的检出限一致,比国标法(GB/T20190-2006)的灵敏性高100倍.结论本研究建立的双重荧光PCR检测方法特异性好、敏感性强,适用于饲料、肉制品、乳制品等动物源性食品的快速检测  相似文献   

5.
通用基因芯片对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
应用生物信息学手段和查阅文献资料设计了金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、无乳链球菌、绿脓杆菌、停乳链球菌、乳房链球菌6种奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的通用引物和金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、绿脓杆菌的寡核苷酸探针及无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、乳房链球菌的特异引物,并用这3种特异引物扩增片段的纯化产物作为这3种链球菌的检测探针。在引物对样品中细菌的相应基因片段扩增的同时进行靶基因的生物素标记,扩增的产物与硝酸纤维素膜上的探针进行杂交,酶联、显色后根据芯片扫描仪的判读结果来确定奶牛乳房炎致病菌感染的种类。结果表明,建立的以16S rDNA为对象的基因芯片技术可以快速的检测出以上6种细菌,整个检测过程需要6h-7h,灵敏度高,特异性好,能快速的对奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌做出诊断。  相似文献   

6.
应用生物信息学手段和查阅文献资料设计了金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、无乳链球菌、绿脓杆菌、停乳链球菌、乳房链球菌6种奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的通用引物和金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、绿脓杆菌的寡核苷酸探针及无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、乳房链球菌的特异引物,并用这3种特异引物扩增片段的纯化产物作为这3种链球菌的检测探针。在引物对样品中细菌的相应基因片段扩增的同时进行靶基因的生物素标记,扩增的产物与硝酸纤维素膜上的探针进行杂交,酶联、显色后根据芯片扫描仪的判读结果来确定奶牛乳房炎致病菌感染的种类。结果表明,建立的以16S rDNA为对象的基因芯片技术可以快速的检测出以上6种细菌,整个检测过程需要6h~7h,灵敏度高,特异性好,能快速的对奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌做出诊断。  相似文献   

7.
为建立运用多重PCR和基因芯片技术同时检测5种猪繁殖障碍性病毒病的方法。本研究根据GenBank中登录的猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)及猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的基因序列设计特异性引物与探针,制备相应的寡核苷酸芯片,检测了5种猪繁殖障碍性疾病病毒的标准毒株,并对16份临床样品进行检测。通过多重PCR扩增出带有荧光标记的5种病毒的特异性基因片段,并与固定有特异性探针的基因芯片杂交。结果显示,本研究建立的多重PCR结合基因芯片检测方法特异性强、稳定性好,灵敏度可达10~2拷贝/μL。16份临床样品检测结果显示阳性率达87.5%(14/16)。以上结果表明该方法特异性好、灵敏度高,可高效检测以上5种病毒,为其临床诊断及流行病学调查提供了有效的检测方法。  相似文献   

8.
为建立运用多重PCR和基因芯片技术同时检测5种猪繁殖障碍性病毒病的方法。本研究根据GenBank中登录的猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)及猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的基因序列设计特异性引物与探针,制备相应的寡核苷酸芯片,检测了5种猪繁殖障碍性疾病病毒的标准毒株,并对16份临床样品进行检测。通过多重PCR扩增出带有荧光标记的5种病毒的特异性基因片段,并与固定有特异性探针的基因芯片杂交。结果显示,本研究建立的多重PCR结合基因芯片检测方法特异性强、稳定性好,灵敏度可达10~2拷贝/μL。16份临床样品检测结果显示阳性率达87.5%(14/16)。以上结果表明该方法特异性好、灵敏度高,可高效检测以上5种病毒,为其临床诊断及流行病学调查提供了有效的检测方法。  相似文献   

9.
建立了可同时筛选禽流感病毒(AIV)通用型、H4、H5、H6、H7、H9、N1、N2、N9亚型及鸡新城疫病毒(NDV)、鸡减蛋综合征病毒(EDSV)的基因芯片检测方法.从GenBank中下载相关序列,利用分子生物学软件设计特异性引物和杂交探针.使用Dr.chip系统进行芯片点样、杂交、显色、读数,优化反应条件后做灵敏度、特异性试验,然后应用于临床检验.结果显示,各病原间无交叉反应,探针可特异性识别靶基因;病原的最低浓度为4.83 pg/μL,灵敏度较高;每个梯度的两个反应结果一致,重复性良好.对临床样品检验,结果同病毒分离鉴定方法一致.本研究建立的基因芯片检测方法可用于禽流感通用型、H4、H5、H6、H7、H9、N1、N2、N9亚型及NDV、EDSV的鉴别检测.  相似文献   

10.
根据GenBank中收录的基孔肯亚病毒和辛德毕斯病毒基因的保守序列,合成2种病毒E基因序列及引物,设计针对2种病毒的寡核苷酸探针,制备基孔肯亚病毒与辛德毕斯病毒特异性检测基因芯片,并对该芯片的灵敏性、特异性和重复性进行了验证。结果显示,所建立基因芯片检测方法的灵敏度是普通PCR方法的100倍。利用所制备的基因芯片,能检测到基孔肯亚病毒和辛德毕斯病毒特异性杂交信号,阴性对照病毒（基因Ⅰ型流行性乙型脑炎病毒,基因Ⅲ型流行性乙型脑炎病毒,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒及流感病毒）均无杂交信号。本试验初步建立了基孔肯亚病毒与辛德毕斯病毒特异性基因芯片检测方法,该方法灵敏度高、特异性强,适用于基孔肯亚病毒与辛德毕斯病毒的流行病学调查和种特异性鉴定。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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