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1.
为了减少粪臭素在猪体外的污染,本试验旨在研究不同剂量的外源L-色氨酸、果聚糖和酪蛋白对猪粪发酵液中粪臭素及相关合成物浓度的影响.将80头体重为(50.0±0.5)kg的“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪随机分为对照组和试验组,每组4个重复,每重复10头猪,分别饲喂基础饲粮和添加0.2％枯草芽孢杆菌的试验饲粮.6周后,每组随机选取8头猪,采集其新鲜粪便,配制粪水厌氧发酵液用于发酵试验.发酵试验采用3×3正交设计,发酵液中外源L-色氨酸、酪蛋白、果聚糖的添加剂量分别为0、0.05％、0.10％,0、0.125％、0.250％,0、0.75％、1.50％.色谱法测定发酵液中色氨酸、吲哚、吲哚-3-乙酸、粪臭素浓度,荧光标记单链构象多态性及片段长度多态性技术与毛细管电泳技术结合测定空白对照组和空白试验组发酵液中微生物的种群结构.结果表明:1)对照组色氨酸、吲哚、吲哚-3-乙酸、粪臭素浓度显著高于试验组(P＜0.05).2)外源L-色氨酸为发酵液中色氨酸、粪臭素的主要影响因素,酪蛋白为对照组中吲哚的主要影响因素,果聚糖为发酵液中吲哚-3-乙酸的主要影响因素.3)外源L-色氨酸、果聚糖与饲粮中的枯草芽孢杆菌无互作(P＞0.05).4)空白对照组猪粪发酵液优势菌以芽孢杆菌(CWBIB 1434)为主,含量为26％;空白试验组发酵液以非解乳链球菌(AF201899)为主,含量为36％.由此得出,降低猪粪中色氨酸的含量及在饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌有助于减少猪粪发酵液中的粪臭素浓度. 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2018,(19)
为了探讨枯草芽孢杆菌对如皋黄鸡肠道pH值、养分表观消化率及粪便中氨气和硫化氢释放量的影响,试验选择47周龄如皋黄鸡母鸡250只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.02%、0.075%、0.20%、0.75%枯草芽孢杆菌,试验周期为42 d。结果显示:(1)各试验组腺胃、肌胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠的pH值与对照组相比均呈下降趋势,但差异均不显著(P0.05);(2)各试验组的氮、磷表观消化率与对照组相比均有所提高,其中Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的氮表观消化率、Ⅱ组的磷表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);(3)各试验组粪便中氨气和硫化氢释放量均呈下降趋势,42 dⅡ、Ⅲ组粪便中氨气和硫化氢释放量均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。研究表明,在饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌能够改善如皋黄鸡产蛋后期的肠道菌群环境,促进饲料中氮、磷等养分的消化吸收,降低粪便中氨气和硫化氢释放量,减少对环境的污染。 相似文献
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在断奶仔犬日粮中添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bafillus natto),探索其对仔犬日增重和肠道菌群数量的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,1‰纳豆芽孢杆菌组的仔犬日增重(ADG)提高了7.51%,差异不显著(P>0.05);2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌组的日增重提高了27.48%,差异极显著(P(0.01)。添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌后,两个处理组粪便的大肠杆菌数量均比饲喂前极显著降低(P<0.01),而对照组的大肠杆菌浓度却比饲喂前升高13.86%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌处理组粪便的乳酸杆菌数量比饲喂前增加了8.9%(P<0.05)和18.95%(P<0.01),对照组粪便的乳酸杆菌数量比饲喂前增加了13.27%,差异极显著(P<0.01)。表明在断奶仔犬日粮中添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌,能够促进仔犬生长,调节肠道菌群。 相似文献
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纳豆芽孢杆菌对仔犬日增重和肠道菌群的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在断奶仔犬日粮中添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bafillus natto),探索其对仔犬日增重和肠道菌群数量的影响.结果表明:与对照组相比,1‰纳豆芽孢杆菌组的仔犬日增重(ADG)提高了7.51%,差异不显著(P>0.05);2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌组的日增重提高了27.48%,差异极显著(P﹤0.01).添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌后,两个处理组粪便的大肠杆菌数量均比饲喂前极显著降低(P<0.01),而对照组的大肠杆菌浓度却比饲喂前升高13.86%,差异极显著(P<0.01).添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌处理组粪便的乳酸杆菌数量比饲喂前增加了8.9%(P<0.05)和18.95%(P<0.01),对照组粪便的乳酸杆菌数量比饲喂前增加了13.27%,差异极显著(P<0.01).表明在断奶仔犬日粮中添加1‰和2‰纳豆芽孢杆菌,能够促进仔犬生长,调节肠道菌群. 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2015,(17)
为提高猪肉品质,研究纳豆芽孢杆菌单一菌及与乳酸菌的混合菌对肉质及粪臭素的影响。将60头公(去势)母各半的TOPIGS(托佩克)仔猪,随机均分为对照组和添加0.1%纳豆芽孢杆菌的试验组(Bn组)及添加0.1%纳豆芽孢杆菌+0.1%乳酸菌混合菌的试验组(BL组),100 kg体质量时屠宰。与对照组相比,Bn和BL组猪背膘厚度、眼肌面积、肉色、失水率和肌内脂肪含量无显著差异(P0.05),猪肉p H24升高及脂肪中粪臭素含量降低,血清中总胆固醇降低及高密度脂蛋白上升,肝中P450、CYP2A6及CYP2E1升高,粪中大肠杆菌、梭菌及粪臭素含量下降(P0.05)。Bn与BL组间总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白差异显著(P0.05)。建议日粮中添加混合菌。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究饲喂纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillis natto)对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。选取180只1日龄科宝肉仔鸡,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,对照组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+300 mg/kg纳豆芽孢杆菌。试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,1~42日龄试验组肉鸡的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),肉鸡42日龄体重显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,21日龄和42日龄试验组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M (IgM)含量分别提高了37.63%、38.85%(P<0.01);42日龄试验组肉鸡空肠黏膜白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。基于PCoA分析结果显示,试验组肉鸡肠道菌群结构发生改变,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡肠道另枝菌属(Alistipes)占比有所提高(P>0.05),试验组的Enorma、未分类_f_黄杆菌属(norank_f_Flavobacteriaceae)、Paludicola显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,纳豆芽孢杆菌能够改善肠道菌群结构,提高肠道菌群丰富度和多样性,增强机体免疫功能,进而提高肉仔鸡生长性能。 相似文献
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研究旨在探讨枯草芽孢杆菌及其发酵豆粕对海兰褐蛋鸡日粮、胃肠道内容物和粪便中pH、微生物菌群数量和N、S含量的影响。选取486只健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为对照组(玉米-豆粕基础日粮)、试验1组(添加0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌)和试验2组(添加2.5%枯草芽孢杆菌发酵豆粕),采集胃肠道内容物和粪便样本,以稀释涂平板法测定菌群数量,并分别以凯氏定氮法和硝酸镁法测定N、S含量。结果显示,枯草芽孢杆菌及其发酵豆粕能减少日粮中大肠杆菌等有害菌群数量,显著增加枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌等有益菌群数量(P<0.05),降低pH值(P<0.05);饲喂56d后,蛋鸡胃肠道内容物和新鲜粪便中大肠杆菌等有害菌群数量显著下降(P<0.05),乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌等有益菌群数量显著增加(P<0.05),pH值显著下降;将粪便自然放置7d后,其N损失显著下降(P<0.05)。结果表明,枯草芽孢杆菌及其发酵豆粕能增加蛋鸡日粮中有益菌群数量,改善肠道微生态系统,减少粪便放置过程中的N损失。 相似文献
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蛋白酶和益生菌复合制剂对白羽肉鸡生长性能、养分利用率和粪便有害气体排放的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加蛋白酶和益生菌复合制剂对白羽肉鸡生长性能、养分利用率和粪便有害气体排放的影响。试验选取体重接近、健康的1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡192只,按照体重随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂添加蛋白酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌、酵母菌复合制剂的基础饲粮,其中1~14、15~28、29~42日龄饲粮中分别添加500、400、300 mg/kg复合制剂。试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组42日龄体重有上升趋势(P=0.08),22~42日龄和全期的平均日增重有上升趋势(P=0.08),22~42日龄和全期的耗料增重比显著降低;试验组与对照组在1~21日龄的平均日采食量、平均日增重、耗料增重比以及在22~42日龄和全期的平均日采食量均无显著差异;与对照组相比,试验组粗蛋白质利用率极显著上升,试验组粗脂肪、粗纤维利用率显著上升;两组物质、能量利用率无显著差异。与对照组相比,试验组白羽肉鸡发酵粪便氨气含量有下降趋势(P=0.08),各组白羽肉鸡发酵粪便硫化氢含量无显著差异。综上所述,蛋白酶和益生菌复合制剂可以提高白羽肉鸡生长性能和养分利用率,降低氨气的产生和排放。 相似文献
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《中国饲料》2015,(23)
为研究水解单宁酸对肉仔鸡肠道菌群和粪便中氨气含量的影响,本试验选取1日龄健康AA肉仔鸡2000只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复100只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为试验组,分别添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%和0.20%的水解单宁酸,试验期42 d。结果显示,日粮中添加水解单宁酸可以使42日龄肉鸡肠道内有益菌(双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌)增殖,抑制有害菌(大肠杆菌)的生长,其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05)。日粮中添加水解单宁酸可以降低粪便中氨气含量,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05),Ⅳ组与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01)。研究表明加入适量的水解单宁酸(1.5 kg/t)可以明显改善肉仔鸡肠道菌群和降低粪便中氨气的含量。 相似文献
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Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献14.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献16.
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献18.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献20.