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设计并实施乳粉中黄曲霉毒素M1（aflatoxin M1,AFM1）的检测能力验证计划,了解和评价实验室检测乳粉中AFM1的检测能力和水平,识别实验室间存在的差异,促进实验室提高检测水平。参照CNAS—CL002《能力验证结果的统计处理和能力评价指南》制备分割水平对的样品,采用单因素方差分析和t检验对样品均匀性和稳定性进行分析。对能力验证结果进行稳健统计分析,通过Z值比分数评价实验室能力。结果表明：样品通过均匀性和稳定性的检验要求,满足能力验证计划要求;参加实验室49 家,满意结果数为45 家,满意率为9 相似文献
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为进一步提升实验室检测技术能力,加强实验室的质量管理,确保日常检验检测结果的准确性和可靠性,组织开展了全国省级兽药检验机构实验室间溶液pH值测定的能力验证。依据《中国兽药典》2015年版一部附录0631pH值测定法以及中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）规定的程序进行本次能力验证。采用单因子方差分析对制备的测试样品进行均匀性检验,采用t检验对样品进行稳定性考察,采用Z比分数评价各参加实验室的测试结果,以稳健统计的中位值作为指定值。参加本次能力验证的35家兽药检测实验室结果均为满意,表明承担兽药监督抽检和风险监测任务的单位整体具有较强的检验检测能力。 相似文献
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本文论述种子实验室能力验证定义与意义,介绍国际种子检验协会实验室能力验证计划、验证的范围及能力验证结果评定的方法,并阐述和分析了我国草种子检验实验室能力验证现状和存在问题,给出了建立健全草种子实验室能力验证体系的一些建议。 相似文献
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高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗病毒含量测定能力比对的实践 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
详细介绍了高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征活疫苗病毒含量测定能力比对实施的全过程,比较了参考值评价法和稳健统计技术在本次能力验证结果评价中的应用情况,为进一步有效开展兽用生物制品行业能力比对工作提供有益参考。 相似文献
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[目的]通过开展乳粉中铅、铬、汞、砷含量检测的实验室间比对活动,考查集团化实验室检测能力水平。[方法]以自主研制的乳粉基质铅、铬、汞、砷质量控制样品为试验材料,经过均匀性、稳定性验证,采用稳健（Robust）统计技术的算法A,评价乳粉中铅、铬、汞、砷含量的实验室检测能力。[结果]质量控制样品的均匀性和稳定性检验结果均满足实验室间比对计划要求;乳粉中铅、铬、汞、砷含量检测的满意率分别为98.4%、98.4%、96.7%、95.2%,无不满意结果,参试实验室整体检测能力良好。[结论]通过对乳粉中重金属元素含量检测过程进行技术比对分析,为提升集团化实验室检测技术能力和质量控制水平提供了良好基础。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(5):794-798
为了解国内蓝舌病病毒(bluetongue virus,BTV)核酸检测的整体水平,督促实验室保持和提高BTV核酸检测的能力,设计和实施了"CNCA-15-A02《蓝舌病病毒核酸检测》能力验证计划"。本次能力验证制备了BTV阴性,强阳性和弱阳性样品。无菌采集健康山羊抗凝血加少量TRIzol后制备阴性样品;将BTV1型细胞培养物通过TRIzol处理灭活病毒后,用阴性样品做适当稀释制备了BTV强阳性和弱阳性样品;均匀性和稳定性检验证实样品均达到中国合格评定国家认可委员会对能力验证样品的要求。将能力验证样品编号后通过快递的方式下发给参试实验室,共有21个省、市的31实验室参加了本次能力验证活动,其中1家实验室选用了套式RT-PCR进行检测,其余30家均选用荧光RT-PCR方法,报送结果经比对验证均为满意,满意率达100%。本次能力验证对提升我国BTV的检测水平和评估各级实验室检测能力具有重要意义,为我国蓝舌病的诊断和防控工作提供技术保障。 相似文献
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为考核实验室检测甲型H1N1流感病毒的能力,设计和实施了“CNAS T0459甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测能力验证计划”.利用甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009)和经典H1N1猪流感病毒核酸标准物质制备6组能力验证阳性样品,经实验室检测分析,所制备的样品均匀性和稳定性均达到中国合格评定国家认可委员会对能力验证样品的要求.将6组阳性样品和1组阴性样品编号后下发54家参试实验室,共有50家实验室报送了有效数据,其中完全达到能力验证要求的实验室共34家,满意率达68％,其余16家为不满意实验室,包括8家实验室检测经典H1N1猪流感病毒满意,但甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009)特异性检测不满意.本次能力验证为整体提升我国甲型H1N1流感病毒的检测水平和评估各级实验室检测能力具有重要意义. 相似文献
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为客观评价北京市兽医实验室非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测能力水平,2021年北京市动物疫病预防控制中心组织10家区级兽医实验室和7家非洲猪瘟第三方授权实验室开展了非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测能力比对试验,并利用箱线图、稳健统计Z比分数、尧敦图等统计方法,对各实验室非洲猪瘟病原学检测结果进行统计分析。结果显示,18家兽医实验室（含北京市动物疫病预防控制中心）中有17家检测结果正确,只有1家实验室的1份盲样检测结果不合格,但部分实验室仍存在检测结果预警情况。建议各实验室持续加强质量控制,提高检测能力和水平。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献