首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
At each 8 chickens of the race "white leghorn" analyses of the body weight as well of the wet weight and the concentration of DNA and of RNA in different tissues from the 2nd to the 203rd day after hatching were performed. On the 2nd day after hatching the DNA-concentration in the brain amounted to 1.50 +/- 0.12, in the heart-muscle to 2.86 +/- 0.19, in the lung to 7.23 +/- 0.19 and in the liver to 2.86 +/- 0.20 mg/g wet weight. The highest content of nuclei in the brain of 1.38 x 10(9) was estimated on the 56th, in the heart-muscle of 1.94 x 10(9) on the 168th day, in the lung of 16.86 x 10(9) on the 112th day and in the liver of 69.81 x 10(9) on the 203rd day. Further the RNA:DNA- and the wet weight:DNA-ratio of the different tissues was calculated.  相似文献   

2.
First Communication: Analyses of M. pectoralis superficialis, M. quadriceps femoris, Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Spinal Cord. The fresh matter level in the M. pectoralis superficialis of turkey was found to increase by a factor of 915, between the first and 224th days from hatching. DNA went up by a factor of 169. The protein: DNA quotient was increased 8.5 times. RNA concentrations in the same muscle went up from 2.65 +/- 0.06 to 6.02 +/- 0.30 mg/g of fresh matter, within the first and seventh days from hatching, and then dropped to 3.61 +/- 0.21 mg/g of fresh matter up to the 14th day, to 2.98 +/- 0.11 mg/g by the 28th day, and to 1.16 +/- 0.05 mg/g by the 224th day. The M. quadriceps femoris exhibited a 111-fold fresh matter increase, from the first through 224th days, while DNA went up by a factor of 44. The cerebrum exhibited a 3.9-fold increase of fresh matter and a 5.2-fold increase of DNA, between the first and 224th day. The cerebellum rises were 6.4-fold or 3.2-fold. Spinal cord values for the same period of time were 27.8-fold for fresh matter and 13.2-fold for DNA.  相似文献   

3.
At chicken of the race "White Leghorn" the content of nuclei in the kidney was highest (14.60 x 10(9)) on the 203rd, in the spleen on the 112th (14.85 x 10(9)), in the gizzard on the 112th (18,24 x 10(9)) and in the M. pectoralis superficialis on the 168th day (36.42 x 10(9)) after hatching. The biggest fresh weight:DNA-ratio was determined in the kidney on the 203rd (285), in the spleen on the 28th (92) and in the gizzard (694) and in the M. pectoralis superficialis (1984) on the 203rd day. The DNA-concentration on the 2nd day after hatching in the kidney was 4,56 +/- 0,36, in the spleen 11.49 +/- 0.84, in the gizzard 1.85 +/- 0.13 and in the M. pectoralis superficialis 2.96 +/- 0.18 mg/g wet weight respectively the RNA:DNA-ratio in these tissues 1.00, 0.88, 1.70 and 0.85. The growth of tissues by the increase of the number of cells (hyperplasia) and of the volume of cells (hypertrophy) is described.  相似文献   

4.
The concentration of protein in the cerebrum of sheep after a period of feed restriction (group 2) was lower (94.5 +/- 10.2) than in normally fed sheep of group 4 (101.4 +/- 9.4 mg/g wet weight). In the group 2 the concentration of protein in the M. longissimus dorsi and in the M. semimembranosus was also smaller. A high DNA-concentration was determined in the intestinal lymph nodes, in the spleen and in the lung. The DNA-concentration of the testes of group 2 (7.17 +/- 2.92) was higher than that of the group 4 (4.46 +/- 1.70 mg/g w. w.), also that of the renal fat tissue (0.39 +/- 0.18 resp. 0.20 +/- 0.09). The highest protein: DNA-relation in group 4 was found in the fat tissue (203.5: 1) and the lowest in the spleen (15.3: 1). A high RNA-concentration was analysed in the lymph nodes, in the spleen and in the lung. The RNA-concentration in the fat tissue of group 2 (0.34 +/- 0.13) was higher that that in group 4 (0.15 +/- 0.08 mg/g w. w.).  相似文献   

5.
The following ascorbic acid levels were recorded from different organs of cattle, with all values quoted being related to mg/100 g fresh matter: 150 +/- 20 in pituitary gland, 170 +/- 40 in left adrenal gland, 45.5 +/- 12.5 in spleen, 38.1 +/- 7.3 in liver, 30.0 +/- 8.5 in cerebrum, 23.2 +/- 7.2 in cerebellum, 16.4 +/- 6.1 in kidney, 11.0 +/- 2.9 in heart, and 9.1 +/- 2.1 in M. longissimus dorsi. The ascorbic acid level in blood plasma of normally developed piglets was 6.5 +/- 2.7 mg/dl and was thus higher with significance (p less than 0.01) than that recorded from splayleg piglets which was 2.3 +/- 0.96 mg/dl. The levels in the M. semimembranosus and M. semitendinosus in piglets of moderate birth weight were higher, as well (p less than 0.05). The liver level in pigs for slaughter was 30.8 +/- 9.0 mg/100 g lower than that in piglets. Piglets exhibited genetically founded differences in their capability of biosynthesis of ascorbic acid. The highest ascorbic acid level in dog was recorded from the pituitary and adrenal glands, values being 135.5 +/- 7.5 mg/100 g fresh matter or 90.3 +/- 37.8 mg/100 g. Their liver level was 27.9 +/- 11.9 mg/100 g.  相似文献   

6.
选择新生仔猪15头，分别于出生当日(0 d)、出生后3d及7d屠宰取样，制作肝脏电镜切片进行组织学分析，并测定肝脏中DNA、RNA含量及常规生化指标。结果显示：新生仔猪肝细胞中内质网、线粒体等细胞器都很丰富，而且各细胞器的结构已经发育成熟。肝脏质量在仔猪出生后1周尤其是3d内迅速增加(P＜O．01)，远远快于体重增加的速度。仔猪肝脏的蛋白质含量在生后1周也迅速增加(P＜O．01)；而肝糖原贮备在刚出生时较高，出生后迅速下降(P＜O．01)。仔猪出生后肝脏中DNA和RNA浓度的变化趋势正好相反，前者在出生后3d内明显下降(P＜O．05)，4～7d又有增加趋势，而RNA浓度以3d为最高。试验结果表明，仔猪到出生时肝细胞的结构和功能基本发育成熟。仔猪出生以后，肝脏的生长发育十分迅速，不仅肝细胞的数量快速增加，肝细胞的体积也不断增大。  相似文献   

7.
To examine effects of nutrient restriction and dietary Se on maternal and fetal visceral tissues, 36 pregnant Targhee-cross ewe lambs were allotted randomly to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments were plane of nutrition [control, 100% of requirements vs. restricted, 60% of controls] and dietary Se [adequate Se, ASe (6 microg/kg of BW) vs. high Se, HSe (80 microg/kg of BW)] from Se-enriched yeast. Selenium treatments were initiated 21 d before breeding and dietary restriction began on d 64 of gestation. Diets contained 16% CP and 2.12 Mcal/kg of ME (DM basis) and differing amounts were fed to control and restricted groups. On d 135 +/- 5 (mean +/- range) of gestation, ewes were slaughtered and visceral tissues were harvested. There was a nutrition x Se interaction (P = 0.02) for maternal jejunal RNA:DNA; no other interactions were detected for maternal measurements. Maternal BW, stomach complex, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and kidney mass were less (P < or = 0.01) in restricted than control ewes. Lung mass (g/kg of empty BW) was greater (P = 0.09) in restricted than control ewes and for HSe compared with ASe ewes. Maternal jejunal protein content and protein:DNA were less (P < or = 0.002) in restricted than control ewes. Maternal jejunal DNA and RNA concentrations and total proliferating jejunal cells were not affected (P > or = 0.11) by treatment. Total jejunal and mucosal vascularity (mL) were less (P < or = 0.01) in restricted than control ewes. Fetuses from restricted ewes had less BW (P = 0.06), empty carcass weight (P = 0.06), crown-rump length (P = 0.03), liver (P = 0.01), pancreas (P = 0.07), perirenal fat (P = 0.02), small intestine (P = 0.007), and spleen weights (P = 0.03) compared with controls. Fetuses from HSe ewes had heavier (P < or = 0.09) BW, and empty carcass, heart, lung, spleen, total viscera, and large intestine weights compared with ASe ewes. Nutrient restriction resulted in less protein content (mg, P = 0.01) and protein:DNA (P = 0.06) in fetal jejunum. Fetal muscle DNA (nutrition by Se interaction, P = 0.04) concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in restricted ewes fed HSe compared with other treatments. Fetal muscle RNA concentration (P = 0.01) and heart RNA content (P = 0.04) were greater in HSe vs. ASe ewes. These data indicate that maternal dietary Se may alter fetal responses, as noted by greater fetal heart, lung, spleen, and BW.  相似文献   

8.
Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, Se, As, Cd and Pb distribution was followed in the organisms of seven lambing ewes after these animals had been on a diet with industrial contaminants generated by the copper and zinc works. The amount of ingested contaminants per lambing ewe was 31.99 g a day pursuant to the starting liveweight. Per-head daily intake of Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, Se, As, Cd and Pb in mg: 402.02; 95.97; 6158.07; 1.436; 2.975; 15.38; 0.597; 22.14. The first ewe with symptoms of zinc intoxication died on day 42 and the last on day 58. The highest Zn concentrations were recorded in the dry matter of dead ewe liver (1167.3 +/- 314.1 mg per kg). An amount of 1048 +/- 283.7 mg Zn per kg was cumulated in the kidneys in the process of contaminant administration. High Zn contents were also observed in the uterus and spleen. The highest amounts of Cu were cumulated in liver (445.6 238.1 mg per kg). Spleen was an organ with the highest concentrations of Fe, the ovaries cumulated the highest amounts of Mo and bony tissue and ovaries the highest amounts of Se. An exposure of the organisms to As, Cd and Pb in ewes intoxicated with zinc from a source of industrial pollutants, was reflected in their high contents in the ovaries, kidneys, liver and bony tissue. These results demonstrate that in sheep the liver, kidneys, uterus, spleen and ovaries are the most suitable organs if it is to prove zinc intoxication caused by pollutants from the copper and zinc works. Liver, kidneys, ovaries, uterus, spleen, skeletal muscles and bony tissue seem to be suitable for an evaluation of Cu, Fe, Mo, Se, As, Cd and Pb distribution in the organisms of ewes which died from zinc intoxication caused by pollutants from the above-mentioned source.  相似文献   

9.
The plasma pharmacokinetics, lung tissue to plasma concentration ratios, and depletion profiles in edible tissue (liver, muscle, kidney, fat and injection site) for a single subcutaneous dose of a novel macrolide antibiotic, CP-163505 (20-[3-dimethylaminopropyl(L-alanyl)amino]-20-deoxo-repromicin), were investigated in crossbred beef cattle. Mean peak plasma concentration of 2.5 ± 0.4 μg/mL, occurring at 0.5 h, was found for CP-163505 following a 5 mg/kg dose ( n  = 5). The pharmacokinetic profile consisted of a distribution phase, followed by an extended terminal elimination phase (t1/2 of 19 h). The disposition of CP-163505 was characterized by distribution from the plasma into the tissue resulting in lung to plasma ratios of 103 and 87 at 72 h following a single 5 or 10 mg/kg dose, respectively. The depletion of CP-163505 from edible tissues was determined following administration of tritiated CP-163505 at a dose of 10 mg/kg. On day 42, the liver contained the highest mean concentration of total tritium residues, 5.9 ± 3.4 μg/g. CP-163505 was determined to be a significant component of the total residues in liver with 72% on day 3 and 50% on day 42. Three metabolites of CP-163505 were identified by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) in liver samples: loss of alanine, formation of an hydroxyl derivative, and sulfate addition to the lactone ring.  相似文献   

10.
Gentamicin (GT) was administered IM to 6 healthy mature mare ponies at a dosage of 5 mg/kg of body weight every 8 hours for 7 consecutive days (total, 21 doses). Two venous blood samples were collected before (trough) and at 1 hour (peak) after the 5th, 10th, 14th, and 19th doses. An endometrial biopsy was done of each mare on days 4 and 7. On the 7th day, just before the 21st administration of GT, base-line blood samples were collected, and 22 blood samples were collected over a period of 48 hours after GT was given. The mares were catheterized on the 7th day, and urine was collected for 24 hours. Serum, urine, and endometrial GT concentrations were determined by a radioimmunoassay technique (sensitivity of 0.3 micrograms/ml of serum). Serum GT concentration data obtained from the terminal phase were best fitted by a 1-compartment open model with a biological half-life of 2.13 +/- 0.43 hours. Total body clearance and renal clearance were 1.69 +/- 0.41 and 1.40 +/- 0.26 ml/min/kg, respectively. Mean endometrial concentrations on day 4 and day 7 were 5.02 +/- 3.3 and 12.75 +/- 1.6 micrograms/g. To achieve mean serum GT concentrations (micrograms/ml) at steady state of 6.47 +/- 1.51, a maximum steady-state concentration of 12.74 +/- 1.60, and a minimum steady-state concentration of 1.43 +/- 0.57, a dosage of 5 mg/kg every 8 hours is recommended. Serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and the fractional clearance of sodium sulfanilate were determined before and after GT treatment. Renal function remained within the base-line range during 7 days of GT administration.  相似文献   

11.
A study was performed to determine the residues in blood and edible tissues of healthy ducks (25 days old, mean body weight 1.0+/-0.13 kg) after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur sodium at a dose rate of 2 mg/kg body weight (Group I) and 4 mg/kg body weight (Group II). Blood, muscle, liver, kidney, and fat samples were collected from all of ducks on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th day after treatment of drug, and ceftiofur was analyzed with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay with results reported as ceftiofur-free acid equivalent (CFAE). To study the spiked recovery, blank plasma and tissues were spiked with two different concentrations of ceftiofur sodium (0.1, 0.5 microg/g). Average recovery values for all samples ranged from 70.3 to 87.3%. In the group I, desfuroylceftiofur acetamide (DCA) was not detected in all of plasma, muscle, liver, and fat tissues on the 1st day after treatment. But, kidney samples on the 1st day were detected DCA (0.059+/-0.01 microg CFAE/g tissue). On the 2nd day of post-treatment, the concentrations of DCA in all tissues were lower than the detection limit, 0.05 microg CFAE /g tissue. In the group II on the 1st day after treatment, the concentration of DCA was 0.124+/-0.06 microg CFAE/g tissue, 0.103+/-0.03 microg CFAE/g tissue, and 0.071+/-0.010 microg CFAE/g tissue in plasma, kidney, and muscle samples, respectively. On the 2nd day after treatment of ceftiofur, the concentrations of DCA in all tissues were lower than 0.05 microg CFAE/g tissue. According to our results, the concentrations of DCA on the 1st day after treatment with 2 mg/kg body weight were below 0.05 microg CFAE/g tissue equivalent in all tissues except for kidney. On the 2nd day after administration at the dose of 4 mg/kg body weight, no DCA was also detected in all of the tissues although DCA was detected in all samples on the 1st day.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of a concentration of crude protein of 170 or of 227 g/kg in the ration of chicken from the 1st to the 14th day after hatching on biochemical values of the liver, the M. pectoralis superficialis and the serum was analysed. The significance of developmental investigations in domestic animals under normal and pathological conditions is discussed.  相似文献   

13.
In 15 samples of haemolysate of bovine erythrocytes, the splitting of phosphate from adenosine triphosphate average 158 +/- 63 X 10(-3) muMol/min/g haemolysate haemoglobin. Estimation of total adenosine triphosphatase in homogenates of various organs from cattle showed that spleen, liver, kidney and brain possessed high activity, while the activity was moderate in lung, myocardium and skeletal muscle, and low in endometrial mucosa and spinal cord. There was a relatively large proportion of Na-K-adenosine triphosphatase in brain and kidney. In various organs the activity of the enzyme was dependent upon the concentrations of Mg, Na, K and Ca. The inhibition of adenosine triphosphatase in various tissues by ouabain was studied. The optimum pH for the enzyme lay in the weakly alkaline region.  相似文献   

14.
Tissue residues of sulphadiazine (SDZ), sulphadimidine (SDD) and sulphquinoxaline (SQ) were studied in healthy and E. stiedai infected rabbits following oral administration of 0.5 g/l drinking water for 5 days. The solid-phase extraction and HPLC was used to determine the concentration of the three sulphonamides in a single tissue sample. SDZ was detected in the liver and kidney in concentrations below the tolerance levels at day 5 and no residues could be detected at day 7 after drug withdrawal. SDD and SQ were detected in all of the tested organs of healthy rabbits up to day 5, where the highest concentration was reported in the liver (0.08 +/- 0.02 and 0.09 +/- 0.02 g/g respectively). In infected rabbits, the three sulphonamides were detected up to day 7 in concentrations higher than the tolerance limits (> 0.1 g/g) in the liver and kidney and lower levels in other tissues. A withdrawal period of 4 days for SDZ and 5 days for SDD and SQ in healthy rabbits and 7 days for SDZ and 8 days for SDD and SQ in E. stiedai infected rabbits is suggested.  相似文献   

15.
将56头35日龄断奶DLY仔猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理2个重复,每个重复7头猪。4个处理分别为对照组、3 mg组(第1天注射3 mg pGRF)、6 mg组(第1、45天分别注射3 mg pGRF)、9 mg组(第1天注射3 mgGRF、第45天注射6 mg pGRF)。到150 d时结束饲养试验,每个处理选择8头猪进行放血屠宰。屠宰前采试猪的全血10 mL制备血浆,分别测定血浆GH、SS和GRF的含量;屠宰后取心、肝、脾、肺和肾各一块用于制作组织切片;另取心、肝、脾、肺、肾、注射质粒部位肌肉和非注射部位肌肉各一块用于检测质粒的残留。结果表明:屠宰前各处理血浆激素的浓度没有显著差异(P>0.05),注射3 mg和6 mg使猪肝脏的器官系数显著下降(P<0.05),对其他器官和功能没有产生不良影响;注射9 mg使肝脏和肾脏产生广泛的颗粒变性。质粒的残留仅在9 mg组注射部位肌肉中能检测到。综合各项试验结果6 mg以下注射剂量的pGRF基因质粒在养猪生产上的使用是安全的。  相似文献   

16.
A controlled release glass was formulated into boluses weighing approximately 17 g or 75 g and administered to 19 lambs and 20 steers respectively. The animals were at pasture during the summer months. The lambs were slaughtered between 57 and 219 days after dosing when the mean concentration of copper in their livers had increased to 107.8 +/- 33.4 mg copper/kg fresh weight compared with 55.9 +/- 23.0 mg copper/kg fresh weight in undosed controls. The steers were slaughtered more than 140 days after dosing; the mean concentrations of copper in plasma had increased and the mean concentration of copper in liver was significantly greater than in undosed control steers (14.1 +/- 4.8 mg copper/kg fresh weight liver in dosed steers, 4.7 +/- 1.4 mg copper/kg in control steers) and was similar to the concentration in steers which had received 200 mg copper as copper calcium edetate (18.2 +/- 4.2 mg copper/kg fresh weight). In sheep the minimum rate of release of copper into the reticulorumen was 2.1 mg/day and in steers 11 mg/day.  相似文献   

17.
采用翅内侧皮肤无血管处刺种途径给30日龄幼鸽接种重组鸡痘病毒vFV282疫苗株,利用PCR的方法检测其在鸽体内的分布及其动态并对其毒性进行了研究。结果显示,接种后6 h即在脾脏检测到病毒DNA;接种后1 d,脾、肺PCR检测阳性;3 d,在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、皮肤均检测到病毒DNA;7 d,心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑PCR检测均呈阳性;10 d,除脑外所有内脏器官中均未检测到病毒DNA,15 d后所有内脏器官PCR检测结果均为阴性。而对照组在整个试验期间PCR检测结果均为阴性。毒性试验表明,重组鸡痘病毒vFV282疫苗株使用安全。  相似文献   

18.
Gamma-glutamyl transferase distribution was studied in 10 pigs with an average weight of 100 kg. It was shown that kidney had the highest concentration of the enzyme, followed by pancreas, spleen and liver. Blood activities measured in plasma and sera from 54 animals were very similar, ie, 35+/-21 iu/litre for plasma and 36+/-14 iu/litre for serum.  相似文献   

19.
Urea was determined by means of diacetyl monoxim in the blood cells of 80 cockerels of the initial breed White Leghorn, commercial hybrid Primant. The highest urea concentration was ascertained on the 15th day of life: 392.33 +/- 85 mg per 10(12) blood cells. The content of urea in the blood cells irregularly deceased with the age of the cockerels. The minimum urea concentration was obtained on the 40th day of post-incubation life: 63.40 +/- 56.5 mg per 10(12) blood cells.  相似文献   

20.
Oxytetracycline (OTC) concentration in plasma and tissues, plasma pharmacokinetics, depletion from tissue, and toxicity were studied in 30 healthy calves after IM administration of a long-acting OTC preparation (40 mg/kg of body weight) at double the label dosage (20 mg/kg). Plasma OTC concentration increased rapidly after drug administration, and by 2 hours, mean (+/- SD) values were 7.4 +/- 2.6 micrograms/ml, Peak plasma OTC concentration was 9.6 +/- 2.6 micrograms/ml, and the time to peak plasma concentration was 7.6 +/- 4.0 hours. Plasma OTC concentration decreased slowly for 168 hours (elimination phase) after drug administration, and the elimination half-life was 23.9 hours. Plasma OTC concentration exceeded 3.8 micrograms/ml at 48 hours after drug administration. From 168 to 240 hours after drug administration, plasma OTC concentration decreased at a slower rate than that seen during the elimination phase. This slower phase was termed the depletion phase, and the depletion half-life was 280.7 hours. Tissue OTC concentration was highest in kidneys and liver. Lung OTC concentration exceeded 4.4 micrograms/g of tissue and 2.0 micrograms/g of tissue at 12 and 48 hours after drug administration, respectively. The drug persisted the longest in kidneys and liver. At 42 days after drug administration, 0.1 micrograms of OTC/g of kidney was detected. At 49 days after drug administration, all OTC tissue concentrations were below the detectable limit. Reactions and toxicosis after drug administration were limited to an anaphylaxis-like reaction (n = 1) and injection site swellings (n = 2).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号