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1.
Livers from cull ewes and market lambs raised in Ontario were obtained to determine the status of specific minerals and vitamin E. Values for copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) obtained by atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma--atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) were found to be statistically different but sufficiently biologically similar to allow the use of ICP-AES for screening groups of samples for deficient or toxic levels of those minerals. Toxic levels of cadmium were not found. Toxic levels of aluminum were found in 1 cull ewe and 1 market lamb. A significant proportion of both market lamb samples (40.0%) and cull ewe samples (50.0%) had high to toxic levels of Cu. In market lambs, Fe, Mn, molybdenum (Mo), selenium (Se), and Zn were not found to be important determinants of Cu level. In cull ewes, Fe, Mn, and Zn play a moderate role in the variability of liver Cu levels. Selenium was found to be present at marginal levels in 3.3% of cull ewe samples and in 42.6% of market lamb samples. Vitamin E was found to be low to deficient in 10.0% of cull ewe samples and in 90.0% of market lamb samples. In market lambs, only Mo was associated with Se levels, and no minerals were associated with vitamin E levels. In cull ewes, there was a strong association between Se and vitamin E. This survey demonstrates that marked nutritional imbalances of Cu, Se, and vitamin E exist in cull ewes and market lambs in Ontario.  相似文献   

2.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aim of this study was to investigate the profiles of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), and...  相似文献   

3.
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations.  相似文献   

4.
Carrots were grown on soils polluted by heavy metal salts. Each particular microelement reached a high concentration [molybdenum (Mo) 39.00, cadmium (Cd) 2.30, lead (Pb) 4.01, mercury (Hg) 30.00, and selenium (Se) 36.20 mg/kg dry matter] in the carrot. In a metabolic balance trial conducted with 15 male and 15 female New Zealand White rabbits, the control animals (n = 5) were fed ad libitum with concentrate as basal diet, while the other rabbits received the basal diet and carrots containing the particular microelement. Blood samples were taken to determine the activity of serum enzymes. To investigate the metabolism of Mo, Cd, Pb, Hg and Se, samples were taken from the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, spleen, ovaries/testicles, entire digestive tract, adipose tissue, femur, hair, faeces and urine. Carrot had significantly higher digestibility for all nutrients than the rabbit concentrate. Carrot samples of high Pb content had the lowest digestibility of crude protein. The microelements differed in their rate of accumulation in the organs examined: Mo and Cd accumulated in the kidneys, Pb in the kidneys, liver, bones and lungs, Hg in the kidneys and liver, while Se in the liver, kidneys and heart. The proportions of microelements eliminated from the body either via the faeces and urine (Mo 80.18% and Se 47.41%) or via the faeces (Cd 37.86%, Pb 66.39%, Hg 64.65%) were determined. Pathohistological examination revealed that the rate of spermatogenesis was reduced in the Mo, Cd, Pb and Hg groups compared to the control. Lead, Cd and Hg intake resulted in a considerable decrease in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and in an increase of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity because of damages to the kidneys and bones. All experimental treatments decreased the activity of cholinesterase (CHE) because of lesions in the liver.  相似文献   

5.
The aim of this work was to investigate whether Cu, alone or in combination with Mo, reduces the Se status of sheep. Thirty-six Hampshire ewes were separated prior to mating into four treatment groups of nine sheep each. The four groups consisted of 1) basal (alfalfa hay or legume-grass low-moisture silage, corn, oats), 2) basal plus 10 mg Cu/kg diet, 3) basal plus 10 mg Mo/kg and 4) basal plus Cu and Mo (each 10 mg/kg). Copper and Mo were added to both ewe and lamb diets. Treatments continued until lambs were weaned at 10 wk postpartum. The basal ewe diet contained, in mg/kg, 5.6 Cu, .05 Se and 1.0 Mo. The basal lamb diet contained, in mg/kg, 6.1 Cu, .07 Se and less than 1.0 Mo. Sulfur concentrations in the ewe and lamb diets were .24% and .20%, respectively. Copper supplements increased, and Mo supplements decreased, the concentration of Cu in the livers of ewes and lambs (P less than .05). Despite this, there were no effects of treatment on Se concentration or glutathione peroxidase activity in blood or tissues. Selenium levels in plasma of all ewes declined throughout pregnancy and lactation, indicating that .05 mg/kg Se was insufficient for the maintenance of Se status during pregnancy in Hampshire ewes. Copper and Se levels (mg/kg fresh weight) in the liver of lambs at weaning for Treatments 1 through 4 were 48 and .13, 158 and .10, 11 and .11, and 136 and .13, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

6.
During the 1986 lambing season, 33 Michigan sheep producers submitted all lambs that had died before weaning to the Michigan State University Diagnostic Laboratory for necropsy. Inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy was used to measure 22 elements in the liver of 888 of the lambs submitted. Mean concentrations of each element were established and compared with literature values of established deficient, normal, and toxic concentrations. Mean values in milligrams per kilogram of wet weight were as follows: Al, 3.843; As, less than 1; Ba, 0.176; Ca, 128.2; Cr, 0.778; Cu, 56.82; Fe, 491.6; Hg, less than 2; K, 2,150; Mg, 138.4; Mn, 2.776; Mo, 0.489; Na, 1,384; P, 2,583; Pb, 1,453; Sb, less than 1; Tl, less than 5; Zn, 68.31. In only 11 lambs did the liver contain As, B, Cd, Co, Hg, Sb, Se, or Tl in detectable concentrations.  相似文献   

7.
Inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy was used to measure Al, As, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, P, K, Se, Na, Tl, and Zn in canine specimens (70 serum, 270 liver, and 200 kidney). Mean concentrations of each of these elements in detectable amounts in these samples were established, and histograms of the concentration distributions of elements in the samples were developed.  相似文献   

8.
Fine-wool ewes received for 2 yr a complete pelleted basal diet (11% protein) or the basal diet fortified with 3.5% cottonseed meal (CSM; 12% protein) or gamma-irradiated (1 megarad) dried solids (SS; 12% protein) from primary (undigested) sewage (Las Cruces, New Mexico, municipal sewage). Five ewes fed each diet were sampled to determine Ag, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb and Zn in blood, milk and tissues. Tissues and blood were sampled at slaughter 40 d after weaning of lambs. Mean whole blood mineral concentrations were similar (P less than .05) among treatments 3 d postpartum; however, at 42 d after lambing (mean +/- SE) both basal- (54 +/- 2 micrograms/ml) and sewage-fed (54 +/- 2 micrograms/ml) ewes had elevated (P less than .05) blood Ca compared with ewes fed CSM (46 +/- 2 micrograms/ml). No biologically important differences were detected in the concentrations of elements in milk. Ewes fed SS had lower (P less than .05) blood Fe than animals in the other groups. Sewage-fed ewes also had higher (P less than .05) liver Fe (1,092 +/- 100 micrograms/g) than basal-fed ewes (626 +/- 100 micrograms/g); whereas Fe in CSM-fed ewes (873 +/- 100 micrograms/g) was similar to both. Basal-fed animals had 1.1- to 1.3 times more (P less than .05) liver Mg and two- to threefold higher liver Na than CSM or SS. Livers from SS-fed ewes had higher concentrations (P less than .05) of Cd (1.5- to 1.6-times) and Pb (1.4- to 1.9-times) than livers from CSM- or basal-fed ewes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

9.
Medium wool ewes were injected with vitamin E and(or) Se over a 2-yr period to evaluate the influence of these treatments on reproduction. Ewes were divided randomly into four groups, consisting of a control, plus groups receiving monthly sc injections of either 272 iu vitamin E, 4 mg Se or 272 IU vitamin E plus 4 mg Se during pregnancy. Selenium administration increased (P less than .05) ewe blood Se concentrations, but had no effect (P greater than .10) on fertility (number of ewes lambing of ewes bred), prolificacy (number of lambs born/ewe lambing) or lamb sex ratio. Preweaning survival of lambs was increased (P less than .05) by ewe treatments with either Se or vitamin E and thus, treated ewes weaned approximately 20% more lambs/ewe mated than did control ewes.  相似文献   

10.
通过对西藏日喀则地区3科43种栽培牧草中的铁、锰、钼、铜、锌、硒、钴7种微量元素的测定,探究微量元素在不同科属牧草中的分布特征。结果表明,西藏日喀则地区栽培牧草中微量元素的分布存在一定的规律性。总体而言,铁含量最高,可达800μg/g;锌次之,最高接近200μg/g;硒含量最低,含量变幅为0.002~0.013μg/g。3科牧草中,禾本科牧草铁含量相对较低,锌、铜含量相对较高;藜科牧草锌、铜含量相对较低,铁、锰含量相对较高;豆科牧草多数微量元素含量相对居中;各科牧草中的铁、锌、铜含量均属较高水平,钴均属中等水平;锰、硒、钼在3科间含量水平不一致。  相似文献   

11.
饲粮添加铜、铁和锌对牛组织和血液铅和镉含量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本研究旨在探讨饲粮添加必需微量元素铜、铁和锌对肉牛组织和血液铅和镉含量的影响。选用 ２０头 １２月龄肉牛,随机分为 ２组,每组 １０头,各组分别饲喂基础精饲料（对照组）和基础精饲料中添加铜 ２０ｍｇ、铁 ２００ｍｇ和锌 ２００ｍｇ的试验精饲料（试验组）,粗饲料自由采食。试验期为 １５０ｄ。每天以组为单位计算牛的采食量;每 ３０ｄ称取牛体重并采集血液样品,试验结束后,屠宰试验牛,采集肾脏、肝脏、心脏、胰脏、脾脏、瘤胃、大肠及背肌组织样品,测定血液和组织中铅和镉含量。结果表明：牛精饲料中添加铁、铜和锌后,平均日增重极显著地提高了１２．５０％（Ｐ＜０．０１）,料重比极显著地降低了 １５．６８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）;铅含量在胰脏和瘤胃中极显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,在脾脏和血液中显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）,在其余组织中无显著变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）,铅蓄积的器官主要是胃;镉含量在肾脏、肝脏、脾脏、瘤胃和大肠中均极显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）,但心脏中的镉含量极显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）,镉蓄积的器官主要是肾脏。结果提示,在饲粮中添加铜、铁和锌可以改善肉牛的生长性能,但不能有效减少脏器及肌肉组织中铅和镉的蓄积。  相似文献   

12.
为了研究母鼠妊娠期铅镉联合暴露对新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se及N-乙酰半胱氨酸(N-Ace-tylcysteine,NAC)的保护作用,35只怀孕SD母鼠被随机分为7组,即A组为对照组(饮用蒸馏水)、B组为铅组(300 mg/L)、C组为铅+NAC组(300 mg/L+20 mmol/L)、D组为镉组(10 mg/L)、E组为镉+NAC组(10 mg/L+20 mmol/L),F组为铅+镉组(300 mg/L+10 mg/L)、G组为铅+镉+NAC组(300 mg/L+10 mg/L+20 mmol/L).采用饮水染毒.染毒时间为21 d,分娩后应用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(Inductively coupled plasma mass spec-troscopy,ICP-MS)检测新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量.结果表明,与对照组比较,各染毒组新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05).D组较B组降低明显,F组降低最为显著,铅镉联合表现协同毒性效应,镉在铅镉联合毒性损伤中发挥主要作用,与各染毒组比较,NAC保护组新生鼠体内微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn和Se含量均有不同程度升高,部分组间有显著差异(P<0.05),说明NAC对铅、镉致新生鼠体内微量元素平衡紊乱具有一定的保护作用.  相似文献   

13.
Summary During a 98-day trial, eight groups of eight male weanling Texel x Friesian milk sheep lambs were fed the same hay and concentrates, the latter differing only in the contents of Cu, Zn, and Mo. At high (± 30 ppm) and moderately low (± 15 ppm) copper levels in the concentrates, additions of Zn (respectively 0, 150, and 340 ppm) and Mo (0 and 16 ppm) to the concentrates were studied with regard to effect on the accumulation of copper in the liver. At the higher copper level, the addition of 150 or 340ppm Zn resulted in a significant decrease of the Cu accumulation in the liver, while at a moderately low copper level the effect of these additions on the Cu accumulation was only slight. The two Zn doses given appeared to be equally effective in reducing the Cu accumulation. Additions of zinc did not increase liver and kidney Zn. The addition of Mo. resulted in higher levels of Mo in liver and kidney. At either copper level the addition of 16 ppm Mo was more effective in reducing the Cu accumulation in the liver than the addition of 150 or 340 ppm Zn. The additions of Zn and Mo, had no visible influence on the health of the lambs. This agrees with the finding that the blood parameters (determination of haemoglobin, haematocryt, protein, copper, zinc, enzymes) and the growth of the lambs were in the normal range. These results suggest that zinc may be a useful alternative to the somewhat toxic molybdenum as an additive to concentrates for sheep in preventing Cu intoxication.  相似文献   

14.
AIM: To determine the effect of copper oxide (CuO) needles administered orally to ewes in early pregnancy on the copper (Cu) status of ewes throughout gestation and lactation, and of their lambs from birth to weaning. METHODS: In mid-April, after mating, 12 twin-bearing ewes were given an oral capsule containing 5 g CuO needles while 12 others served as untreated controls. Changes in Cu status were monitored by determining serum and liver Cu concentrations on Days 1, 62, 117, 153, 185 and 216 in the ewes, and at 1, 36, 68 and 99 days of age for lambs. Pasture herbage samples were collected at about 60-day intervals for Cu, molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe) and sulphur (S) determinations. RESULTS: Copper status of the ewe flock was adequate, as initial mean serum and liver Cu concentrations were 15 micromol/L and 1,060 micromol/kg fresh tissue, respectively. The CuO needles did not affect serum Cu concentrations of the ewes or their lambs. Mean serum Cu concentration of all lambs at birth was about half that of ewes (8 vs 17 micromol/L), regardless of Cu supplementation, and not until at least 68 days of age was it similar to the dams'. Liver Cu concentrations of lambs at birth were also lower than that of the ewes (380 vs 640 micromol/kg fresh tissue among the controls), but changed little over time. CuO treatment increased liver Cu concentration in ewes for at least 185 days and in lambs for 36 days (p<0.05). Among untreated ewes, there was a seasonal decline in mean liver Cu concentrations, which were highest in autumn and lowest in early spring (1,060 vs 370 micromol/kg fresh tissue). The mean pasture mineral concentrations were Cu 5.7, Mo 0.48, Fe 194 and S 2,900 mg/kg dry matter (DM). CONCLUSIONS: CuO needles administered to ewes in early pregnancy increased their Cu status through gestation and early lactation, and the Cu status of their lambs for 36 days from birth. Serum Cu concentration was not affected by treatment but a marked rise was observed in all lambs between birth and 10 weeks of age. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Copper deficiency in young lambs may be conveniently and effectively prevented by treating ewes with CuO needles during early pregnancy. The serum Cu concentration in lambs <8 weeks old may not reflect the Cu status of the flock.  相似文献   

15.
1. The study was part of a project designed to investigate if organic selenium (Se) can ameliorate the toxic effects of cadmium (Cd). The main objective of the present study was to investigate, in the chicken, the interactions between Se, Cd and the following elements: Sb, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V and Zn.

2. A total of 300 1-d-old chickens (broilers) were randomly distributed among 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens per treatment. In T1, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg added Se, without added Cd. In T2, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg Se and 10?mg/kg Cd. In T3, chickens were fed on a diet with 0·3?mg/kg Se and 100?mg/kg of Cd added and in T4 treatment, chickens were fed on a diet with 3?mg/kg Se and 100?mg/kg Cd added. Se was added as Se-yeast. Cd was added as cadmium chloride (CdCl2). On d 28 and 42, two chickens per replicate pen were killed for collection of whole blood, liver, kidney and breast muscle samples. Samples were analysed by ICP-MS. The data were analysed using a multivariate linear model.

3. While low Cd concentrations in the diet led only to an increase of Cd concentration in the examined tissues, addition of high concentrations of Cd increased the concentration of Cd, Cu, Sb and V and decreased that of Se, Mn and Fe. Addition of high Se concentrations did not significantly reduce Cd concentration.

4. Prior to model application, correlations of 78 elements were noted, while after model application 39 correlations were noted. Most notably, Cd was correlated with Ca, Co, Cu and Mg, while Se was correlated with Mn.

5. The present study revealed several correlations between essential, probably essential and toxic elements illustrating the importance of the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants.  相似文献   

16.
本研究通过在精饲料中添加蒙脱石喂养杂交牛的方法,探讨蒙脱石对动物体内必需微量元素铜、铁、锌及有害元素镉、铅含量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,喂蒙脱石的杂交牛日增重提高了14.96%(P<0.01),饲料转化率提高了9.22%(P<0.05);肾脏和脾脏中铅含量显著增加(P<0.05),肾脏、肝脏、脾脏和肠中镉的含量极显著增加(P<0.01),而血液中镉含量显著降低(P<0.01),其余组织中镉和铅的含量变化不显著;脾脏铜和铁含量极显著减少(P<0.01),肾脏中锌含量极显著增加(P<0.01),肝脏和肌肉组织中铁含量显著增加(P<0.05),其余各组织中的变化不显著(P>0.05)。结论:在饲料中添加蒙脱石,可在不同程度上改变铅、镉、铜、锌、铁在动物体内各器官和组织中的分布水平,但不能有效降低肉牛各组织中铅、镉的蓄积。  相似文献   

17.

Background

Free-living wild rodents are often used as zoomonitors of environmental contamination. In the present study, accumulation of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in critical organs of yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) and bank voles (Myodes glareolus) trapped in a polluted area in Nováky, Slovakia was investigated.

Methods

Yellow-necked mice (n = 8) and bank voles (n = 10) were collected using standard theriological methods for wood ecosystems. All animals were adult males in good physical condition. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn in the liver, kidney, and bone were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Results

The highest concentrations of Cd and Zn were found in the bone of both species while Cu and Fe accumulated mainly in kidney or liver. Significant higher concentrations of Cd and Cu were detected in the liver of bank voles than in yellow-necked mice. Similar significant higher levels of Cd and Zn were found in the bone of bank voles. In contrast, significant higher concentrations of Cu and Fe were present in the kidney of yellow-necked mice.

Conclusions

In the yellow-necked mouse and bank vole, bone seems to accumulate Cd and Zn following prolonged exposure. On the contrary, kidney and liver store Cu and Fe after a long-term environmental exposure. In the present study, bank voles seemed to be more heavy metal loaded zoomonitors than yellow-necked mice.  相似文献   

18.
Breeding ewes in drylot were fed pelleted complete diets with 3% cottonseed meal (CSM) or 7% dried, gamma-irradiated sewage solids (DGSS) for 4 yr. Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) content and enzyme activities for xenobiotics biotransformations were assayed in livers after 2 yr and in livers, kidneys and ileal tissue after 4 yr. Dietary DGSS caused no increase in P-450 and few changes in activities of oxidative, hydrolative and conjugative biotransformational enzymes. Consumption of DGSS for 4 yr caused slight enlargement of spleens (1.1-fold, P less than .10) and ovaries (1.3-fold, P less than .10), but no change in size of livers, kidneys, hearts, adrenals and thyroids (P greater than .10), nor liver vitamin A levels (P greater than .10). Of 22 refractory lipophilic residues assayed in abdominal adipose tissue, few were detected and of those detected DGSS caused none to exceed normal levels. Dietary DGSS increased (P less than .01) Fe in livers 1.5-fold and in spleens 5.6-fold, and increased Cu in livers 1.3-fold (P less than .01) and in kidneys 1.2-fold (P less than .05). Dietary DGSS increased Cd levels in livers (P less than .01) but not in kidneys or spleens (P greater than .10); yet all Cd levels were within ranges for livestock fed conventional feed. Dietary DGSS caused no increase (P greater than .10) in levels of Ag, Ca, Cr, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb or Zn in livers, kidneys or spleens. There were no histopathological lesions of toxicosis except mild hemosiderosis of spleens. Consumption of a diet with 7% DGSS throughout 4 yr caused no hazardous accumulation of toxic elements and little, if any, evidence of toxicosis.  相似文献   

19.
Biometric changes of uterus, ovaries, follicles and 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) concentrations were investigated in 15 lambing ewes of the Slovak Merino breed in the puerperal period. The sex organs were excised immediately after bleeding from ewes slaughtered on days 1, 7, 17, 25 and 34 post partum (p. p.). Biometric parameters of the body and horns of uterus were measured by a calliper. The ovaries were weighed on an analytical balance, their length, width and height were measured at the same time. The size and number of follicles were determined on the ovary surface. The blood for E2 detection was collected from vena jugularis three and one day before delivery (days -1, -3). Blood samples were also collected after delivery on days 1, 7, 17, 25 and 34. E2 concentrations in the blood serum of ewes were determined by RIA-test-ESTRA kits, designed in one institute at Kosice. The highest weight of uterus body in the test ewes was recorded on day 1 p. p. In the following days the weight of uterus body had a decreasing trend. There were significant differences in the weight of uterus body from day 17 to day 34 p. p., in comparison with the first day after lambing (P less than 0.01). A significant decrease in the length of uterus body was observed from day 17 to day 34 of observation (P less than 0.01; P less than 0.001). An increase in the length of a nongravid horn, observed on day 7 p. p., was followed by a gradual decrease until day 34, similarly like in its weight. No statistically significant differences were found out in the ovary length, width and height. Neither were any greater changes recorded in the weight of ovaries from day 1 to day 34 after delivery. The highest number of small structures (28) observed on day 7 p. p. in the ipsilateral ovary was decreasing in the course of puerperium and the number of follicles larger than 2, 4 and 5 mm was increasing. The highest concentrations of E2 were not recorded on day -1 before delivery. The significantly lowest concentrations of E2 were recorded on day 25 p. p. The above-mentioned results are preliminary and they enlarge the knowledge of biometric parameters of uterus, ovaries, follicles and E2 concentrations after delivery in ewes.  相似文献   

20.
Abstract

AIMS: To measure the magnitude and variability in production responses to anthelmintic treatments administered to adult ewes around lambing.

METHODS: Ewes carrying twin lambs, from sheep and beef farms (eight in Year 1 and six in Year 2) in the Wairarapa region of New Zealand, were enrolled in 14 trials (part of an experiment carried out on one farm in one year). Experiment 1 compared ewes treated 2–4?weeks pre-lambing with a controlled release capsule (CRC) containing abamectin, albendazole, Se and Co, to ewes injected pre-lambing with a long-acting Se plus vitamin B12 product, and to untreated ewes. Experiment 2 included these treatments, plus a CRC administered at pregnancy scanning. Experiment 3 included the same treatments as Experiment 1, plus administration of a CRC containing albendazole, Se and Co, injectable moxidectin or oral derquantel plus abamectin, all administered pre-lambing, or oral derquantel plus abamectin administered 4–6?weeks after lambing. Variables compared were ewe liveweight at weaning and pre-mating, lamb liveweight at weaning, total weight of lamb weaned per ewe and ewe dag score at weaning.

RESULTS: Ewes treated with a CRC pre-lambing were heavier than untreated ewes (mean 3.2?kg) at weaning in 12/14 trials, and pre-mating (mean 2.8?kg) in 9/14 trials (p<0.001). Compared with mineral-treated ewes the mean difference was 2.8?kg pre-lambing (9/14 trials) and 1.7?kg pre-weaning (6/14 trials). Lambs reared by treated ewes were heavier (mean 1.55?kg) at weaning in 6/14 trials (p<0.001), but there was no effect of CRC treatment on total weight of lambs weaned per ewe (p=0.507). Variation in weight of lamb weaned per ewe was largely explained by differences in lamb survival from birth to weaning (p<0.001), with no effect of CRC treatment (p>0.65).

Treatment of ewes with a CRC at pregnancy scanning was neither better nor worse than a pre-lambing treatment (p=0.065).

There was no difference in the response from treatment with either of the two CRC or moxidectin. Treatment with short-acting oral anthelmintics resulted in no consistent benefit.

CONCLUSIONS: Anthelmintic treatments administered to ewes around lambing resulted in variable responses between farms and years, which in some trials were negative for some variables, and some of the variability was due to the mineral component of the CRC. The widespread perception amongst farmers and veterinarians that anthelmintic treatment of ewes around lambing will always result in positive benefits is not supported.  相似文献   

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